Ammonia

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

(Silver ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Silver ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Ag+ • H3N) + H3N = (Ag+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°36.9kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°32.7cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

(Silver ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Silver ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Ag+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Ag+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.6kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.6cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

(Silver ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Silver ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Ag+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Ag+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.0kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°30.0cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

(Silver ion (1+) • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Silver ion (1+) • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (Ag+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (Ag+ • 5H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.8kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°34.1cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

Bismuth ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Bismuth ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Bi+ + H3N = (Bi+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°35.5kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°35.7cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Bismuth ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Bismuth ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Bi+ • H3N) + H3N = (Bi+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.2kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°33.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Bismuth ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Bismuth ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Bi+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Bi+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.4kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

Bromine anion + Ammonia = (Bromine anion • Ammonia)

By formula: Br- + H3N = (Br- • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.70 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.1cal/mol*KHPMSEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.00 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B

CH6N+ + Ammonia = (CH6N+ • Ammonia)

By formula: CH6N+ + H3N = (CH6N+ • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°21.4kcal/molPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M

C2H8N+ + Ammonia = (C2H8N+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C2H8N+ + H3N = (C2H8N+ • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.6kcal/molPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28.2cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M

C3H9Si+ + Ammonia = (C3H9Si+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C3H9Si+ + H3N = (C3H9Si+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°46.5kcal/molPHPMSLi and Stone, 1990gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Si+)CH3COOC2H5; Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986; M

C3H9Sn+ + Ammonia = (C3H9Sn+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C3H9Sn+ + H3N = (C3H9Sn+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°36.9kcal/molPHPMSStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH/NH3, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.1cal/mol*KN/AStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH/NH3, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
21.6525.PHPMSStone and Splinter, 1984gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH/NH3, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C4H9+ + Ammonia = (C4H9+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C4H9+ + H3N = (C4H9+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°46.8kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+; M
ΔrH°45.3kcal/molPHPMSSzulejko and McMahon, 1991gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+; M
ΔrH°46.5kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°43.7cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+; M
ΔrS°47.3cal/mol*KPHPMSSzulejko and McMahon, 1991gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+; M
ΔrS°44.0cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+; M

C5H10NO2+ + Ammonia = (C5H10NO2+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C5H10NO2+ + H3N = (C5H10NO2+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.6kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner and Field, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28.9cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner and Field, 1974gas phase; M

C5H12NO2+ + Ammonia = (C5H12NO2+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C5H12NO2+ + H3N = (C5H12NO2+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.9kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner and Field, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28.8cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner and Field, 1974gas phase; M

C6H15O3+ + Ammonia = (C6H15O3+ • Ammonia)

By formula: C6H15O3+ + H3N = (C6H15O3+ • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°30.4kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.9cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Ammonia = (Chlorine anion • Ammonia)

By formula: Cl- + H3N = (Cl- • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°<7.30 ± 0.40kcal/molN/ATschurl and Boesl, 2008gas phase; B
ΔrH°8.20 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.9 ± 1.2kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Chesnovsky, et al., 1993gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.5 ± 4.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°15.4cal/mol*KHPMSEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3F, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.60 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,M

Cobalt ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Cobalt ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Co+ + H3N = (Co+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°52.1 ± 3.6kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°58.8kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Co+ • H3N) + H3N = (Co+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°59.3 ± 3.1kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°61.1kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Co+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Co+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.3 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Co+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Co+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.7 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

Chromium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Chromium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Cr+ + H3N = (Cr+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°43.5 ± 2.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°37.4kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Chromium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Chromium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Cr+ • H3N) + H3N = (Cr+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°42.8 ± 2.2kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°40.8kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Chromium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Chromium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Cr+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Cr+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.9 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Chromium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Chromium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Cr+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Cr+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.2 ± 2.2kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

Copper ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Copper ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Cu+ + H3N = (Cu+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°56.6 ± 3.3kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Copper ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Copper ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Cu+ • H3N) + H3N = (Cu+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°58.8 ± 2.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Copper ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Copper ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Cu+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Cu+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.2 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°14.0kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.8cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

(Copper ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Copper ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Cu+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Cu+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.0 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°12.8kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28.7cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

(Copper ion (1+) • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Copper ion (1+) • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (Cu+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (Cu+ • 5H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.8kcal/molHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°33.1cal/mol*KHPMSHolland and Castleman, 1982gas phase; M

Fluorine anion + Ammonia = (Fluorine anion • Ammonia)

By formula: F- + H3N = (F- • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.kcal/molFASpears and Ferguson, 1973gas phase; ΔrH>; M

Iron ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Iron ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Fe+ + H3N = (Fe+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°43.7 ± 2.9kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°38.5kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Iron ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Iron ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Fe+ • H3N) + H3N = (Fe+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°53.8 ± 2.9kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°48.7kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Iron ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Iron ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Fe+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Fe+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.3 ± 3.1kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Iron ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Iron ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Fe+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Fe+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.0 ± 1.7kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

Hydrogen anion + Ammonia = (Hydrogen anion • Ammonia)

By formula: H- + H3N = (H- • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.10kcal/molEstSnodgrass, Coe, et al., 1995gas phase; Stated electron affinity is the Vertical Detachment Energy; B
ΔrH°8.3kcal/molPESCoe, Snodgrass, et al., 1985gas phase; ΔrH<; M

(Hydrogen anion • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Hydrogen anion • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H- • H3N) + H3N = (H- • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.10kcal/molEstSnodgrass, Coe, et al., 1995gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B

HO- + Ammonia = H4NO-

By formula: HO- + H3N = H4NO-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.00kcal/molN/ASchwartz, Davico, et al., 2000gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.54±0.015 eV. Affinity is from difference in EAs; B

H2N- + Ammonia = (H2N- • Ammonia)

By formula: H2N- + H3N = (H2N- • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.00kcal/molPDisSnodgrass, Coe, et al., 1989gas phase; B

(H2N- • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (H2N- • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H2N- • H3N) + H3N = (H2N- • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.10kcal/molEstSnodgrass, Coe, et al., 1989gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B

H3N+ + Ammonia = (H3N+ • Ammonia)

By formula: H3N+ + H3N = (H3N+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.1 ± 4.6kcal/molEIStephan, Futrell, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrH°18.1kcal/molPINg, Trevor, et al., 1977gas phase; M

(H3N+ • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (H3N+ • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H3N+ • H3N) + H3N = (H3N+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9. ± 5.kcal/molEIBreen, Tzeng, et al., 1989gas phase; M
ΔrH°9.2 ± 4.6kcal/molEIStephan, Futrell, et al., 1982gas phase; M

(NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (H4N+ • CHN) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°18.8kcal/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
9.4429.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NH4+ • Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-)

By formula: (H4N+ • C4H10O2) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • C4H10O2)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.0kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.4cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; M

(NH4+ • Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°18.4kcal/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.0cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 2Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°18.2kcal/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°30.3cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 3Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • 3Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.3kcal/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°35.1cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

NH4+ + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia)

By formula: H4N+ + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26. ± 3.cal/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 6 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
6.3400.HPMSWincel, 1972gas phase; M

(NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • 2CHN) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.9kcal/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
6.6315.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(NH4+ • Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.5kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 3Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 3H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.6kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 3Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 4Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 4H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.4kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 4Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 5Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 4H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 5H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.9kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 5Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 6Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 5H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 6H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.0kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 6Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 7Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 6H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 7H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°5.5kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 7Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 8Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 7H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 8H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.0kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 8Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 9Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 8H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 9H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°5.5kcal/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • Ammonia • Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.1kcal/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°31.8cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

(NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • 2Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • 2H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.7kcal/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°33.9cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 3Ammonia • Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N • H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • 3H3N • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.0kcal/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°34.3cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; M

(NH4+ • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17. ± 1.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 5 out of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.9cal/mol*KHPMSTang and Castleman, 1975gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.7cal/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.8cal/mol*KDTLong and Franklin, 1973gas phase; M
ΔrS°26.8cal/mol*KPHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1968gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; typographical error in ΔrH; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
9.7296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973gas phase; DG>; M
10.1296.SAMSPuckett and Teague, 1971gas phase; M
5.5400.HPMSWincel, 1972gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 3H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13. ± 5.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25. ± 1.cal/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 7 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
6.5296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973gas phase; M
6.4296.SAMSPuckett and Teague, 1971gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 4H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.2 ± 0.9kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 5 out of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28. ± 2.cal/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 3 out of 7 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
3.4296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 5H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.0kcal/molPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase; M
ΔrH°7.5kcal/molPHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1968gas phase; M
ΔrH°7.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M
ΔrH°2.8kcal/molTPEPICOKamke, Herrmann, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrH°9.6kcal/molDTLong and Franklin, 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.5cal/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KPHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1968gas phase; M
ΔrS°32.cal/mol*KDTLong and Franklin, 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°0.5kcal/molHPMSHogg, Haynes, et al., 1966gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 5Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 6Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 5H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 6H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.5kcal/molPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase; M
ΔrH°6.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.9cal/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase; M

(NH4+ • 6Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 7Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 6H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 7H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°5.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 7Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 8Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 7H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 8H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°5.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 8Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 9Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 8H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 9H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°4.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 9Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 10Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 9H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 10H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°4.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 10Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 11Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 10H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 11H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°5.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 11Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 12Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 11H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 12H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°4.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 12Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 13Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 12H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 13H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°5.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 13Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 14Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 13H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 14H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°4.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 14Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 15Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 14H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 15H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°4.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(NH4+ • 15Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 16Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 15H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 16H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°4.kcal/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

Iodide + Ammonia = (Iodide • Ammonia)

By formula: I- + H3N = (I- • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°7.40 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°7.4 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsCaldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.9cal/mol*KHPMSEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°1.20 ± 0.60kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B

Potassium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Potassium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: K+ + H3N = (K+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.1kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
ΔrH°17.8kcal/molHPMSDavidson and Kebarle, 1976gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
ΔrS°28.0cal/mol*KHPMSDavidson and Kebarle, 1976gas phase; M

(Potassium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Potassium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (K+ • H3N) + H3N = (K+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.3kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.8cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Potassium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Potassium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (K+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (K+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.5kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.7cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Potassium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Potassium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (K+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (K+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.6kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.4cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

Lithium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Lithium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Li+ + H3N = (Li+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°39.1kcal/molICRWoodin and Beauchamp, 1978gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M
ΔrH°38.5kcal/molICRStaley and Beauchamp, 1975gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, from graph; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 extrapolated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.cal/mol*KN/AWoodin and Beauchamp, 1978gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°32.1kcal/molICRWoodin and Beauchamp, 1978gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M

(Lithium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lithium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Li+ • H3N) + H3N = (Li+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°33.1kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.7cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Lithium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lithium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Li+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Li+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°21.0kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.3cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Lithium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lithium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Li+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Li+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.5kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°32.6cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Lithium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lithium ion (1+) • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (Li+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (Li+ • 5H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.1kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°28.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Lithium ion (1+) • 5Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lithium ion (1+) • 6Ammonia)

By formula: (Li+ • 5H3N) + H3N = (Li+ • 6H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.3kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.3cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

Magnesium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Magnesium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Mg+ + H3N = (Mg+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°36.8 ± 2.8kcal/molCIDTAndersen, Muntean, et al., 2000RCD

(Magnesium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Magnesium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Mg+ • H3N) + H3N = (Mg+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.2 ± 1.6kcal/molCIDTAndersen, Muntean, et al., 2000RCD

(Magnesium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Magnesium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Mg+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Mg+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22.8 ± 2.1kcal/molCIDTAndersen, Muntean, et al., 2000RCD

(Magnesium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Magnesium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Mg+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Mg+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.4 ± 2.5kcal/molCIDTAndersen, Muntean, et al., 2000RCD

(Magnesium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Magnesium ion (1+) • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (Mg+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (Mg+ • 5H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.3 ± 2.8kcal/molCIDTAndersen, Muntean, et al., 20005th ligand is NH3; RCD

Manganese ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Manganese ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Mn+ + H3N = (Mn+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°35.1 ± 1.9kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°36.9kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Manganese ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Manganese ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Mn+ • H3N) + H3N = (Mn+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°36.3 ± 2.9kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°34.1kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Manganese ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Manganese ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Mn+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Mn+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.3 ± 2.2kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°11.8kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Manganese ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Manganese ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Mn+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Mn+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.6 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

Nitric oxide anion + Ammonia = H3N2O-

By formula: NO- + H3N = H3N2O-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.40kcal/molN/AHendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002gas phase; B

Sodium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Sodium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Na+ + H3N = (Na+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.4 ± 1.3kcal/molCIDCAmicangelo and Armentrout, 2001Anchor NH3=24.41; RCD
ΔrH°24.4 ± 1.3kcal/molCIDTArmentrout and Rodgers, 2000RCD
ΔrH°25.6 ± 0.2kcal/molHPMSHoyau, Norrman, et al., 1999RCD
ΔrH°29.1kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21800.cal/mol*KHPMSHoyau, Norrman, et al., 1999RCD
ΔrS°25.7cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
18.6298.IMREMcMahon and Ohanessian, 2000Anchor alanine=39.89; RCD

(Sodium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Na+ • H3N) + H3N = (Na+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22. ± 1.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.1cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Sodium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Na+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Na+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.1kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Sodium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Na+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Na+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.7kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Sodium ion (1+) • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (Na+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (Na+ • 5H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.7kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.8cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

(Sodium ion (1+) • 5Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Sodium ion (1+) • 6Ammonia)

By formula: (Na+ • 5H3N) + H3N = (Na+ • 6H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.7kcal/molHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.7cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, Holland, et al., 1978gas phase; M

Nickel ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Nickel ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Ni+ + H3N = (Ni+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°55.2 ± 3.8kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°51.2kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Nickel ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Nickel ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Ni+ • H3N) + H3N = (Ni+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°59.5 ± 3.1kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°55.1kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Nickel ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Nickel ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Ni+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Ni+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°21.5 ± 1.9kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°17.8kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Nickel ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Nickel ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Ni+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Ni+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.8 ± 1.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

Lead ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Lead ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Pb+ + H3N = (Pb+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°28.3kcal/molHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.6cal/mol*KHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M

(Lead ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lead ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Pb+ • H3N) + H3N = (Pb+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19.2kcal/molHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.0cal/mol*KHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M

(Lead ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lead ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Pb+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Pb+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.0kcal/molHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.4cal/mol*KHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M

(Lead ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Lead ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Pb+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Pb+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.7kcal/molHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.3cal/mol*KHPMSGuo and Castleman, 1991gas phase; ΔrS from graph; M

Rubidium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Rubidium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Rb+ + H3N = (Rb+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°18.7kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.3cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Rubidium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Rb+ • H3N) + H3N = (Rb+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.2kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.6cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Rb+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Rb+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.1kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.1cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Rubidium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Rb+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Rb+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.4kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°38.0cal/mol*KHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

(Rubidium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (Rb+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (Rb+ • 5H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.2kcal/molHPMSCastleman, 1978gas phase; M

Titanium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Titanium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: Ti+ + H3N = (Ti+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°46.6 ± 1.7kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Titanium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Titanium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (Ti+ • H3N) + H3N = (Ti+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°41.8 ± 3.6kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Titanium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Titanium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (Ti+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (Ti+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°42.1 ± 3.6kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

(Titanium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Titanium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (Ti+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (Ti+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°37.3 ± 2.4kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD

Vanadium ion (1+) + Ammonia = (Vanadium ion (1+) • Ammonia)

By formula: V+ + H3N = (V+ • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°45.4 ± 2.6kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°51.9kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Vanadium ion (1+) • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Vanadium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (V+ • H3N) + H3N = (V+ • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°39.2 ± 2.2kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°45.0kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Vanadium ion (1+) • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Vanadium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (V+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (V+ • 3H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.9 ± 2.6kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°22.6kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

(Vanadium ion (1+) • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (Vanadium ion (1+) • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (V+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (V+ • 4H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22.7 ± 2.6kcal/molCIDTWalter and Armentrout, 1998RCD
ΔrH°18.7kcal/molCIDMarinelli and Squires, 1989gas phase; M

References

Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Holland and Castleman, 1982
Holland, P.M.; Castleman, A.W., The Thermochemical Properties of Gas - Phase Transition Metal Ion Complexes, J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 76, 8, 4195, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.443497 . [all data]

Castleman, 1978
Castleman, A.W., The Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase: Ammonia about Bi+, Rb+, and K+, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1978, 53, 3, 560, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(78)80069-4 . [all data]

Evans, Keesee, et al., 1987
Evans, D.H.; Keesee, R.G.; Castleman Jr., The Association of Ammonia with Halide Ions in the Gas Phase, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 5, 2927, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.452043 . [all data]

Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1974
Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., The hydrogen bond energies in ClHCl- and Cl-(HCl)n, Can. J. Chem., 1974, 52, 2449. [all data]

Li and Stone, 1990
Li, X.; Stone, A.J., Gas-Phase (CH3)3Si+ Affinities of Alkylamines and Proton Affinities of Trimethylsilyl Alkylamines, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1990, 101, 2-3, 149, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(90)87008-5 . [all data]

Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986
Wojtyniak, A.C.M.; Stone, A.J., A High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Study of the Bonding of Trimethylsilylium to Oxygen and Aromatic Bases, Can. J. Chem., 1986, 74, 59. [all data]

Stone and Splinter, 1984
Stone, J.A.; Splinter, D.E., A high-pressure mass spectrometric study of the binding of (CH3)3Sn+ to lewis bases in the gas phase, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 59, 169. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Proton affinity ladders from variable-temperature equilibrium measurements. 1. A reevaluation of the upper proton affinity range, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12, 4448, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a012 . [all data]

Szulejko and McMahon, 1991
Szulejko, J.E.; McMahon, T.B., A Pulsed Electron Beam, Variable Temperature, High Pressure Mass Spectrometric Reevaluation of the Proton Affinity Difference Between 2-Methylpropene and Ammonia, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1991, 109, 279, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(91)85109-Y . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Ion Thermochemistry at High Temperatures. 1. Thermochemistry of the Ammonium Ion from Variable - Temperature Equilibrium Measurements. Proton Transfer, Association, and Decomposition Reactions in Ammonia, Isobutene, and t-Butylamine, J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 19, 7730, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100382a076 . [all data]

Meot-Ner and Field, 1974
Meot-Ner, (Mautner); Field, F.H., Solvation and Association of Protonated Gaseous Amino Acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 10, 3168, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00817a024 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W.; Liebman, J.F.; Scheiner, S., Complexing of the Ammonium Ion by Polyethers. Comparative Complexing Thermochemistry of Ammonium, Hydronium, and Alkali Cations, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 16, 6445, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9514943 . [all data]

Tschurl and Boesl, 2008
Tschurl, M.; Boesl, U., IR-photodissociation and photodetachment spectroscopy of Cl-center dot(NH3)(x) (IR : x=1-4, PD : x=1), Chem. Phys. Lett., 2008, 456, 4-6, 150-155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2008.03.041 . [all data]

Markovich, Chesnovsky, et al., 1993
Markovich, G.; Chesnovsky, O.; Kaldor, U., Charge Transfer Excitations in the Photoelectron Spectrum of Cl-NH3: Experiment and calculation, J. Chem. Phys, 1993, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465913 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. An experimental investigation of the interaction between chloride ion and bronsted acids from ICR chloride exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 517. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase negative ion chemistry of alkylchloroformates, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 675. [all data]

Walter and Armentrout, 1998
Walter, D.; Armentrout, P.B., Periodic Trends in Chemical Reactivity: Reactions of Sc+, Y+, La+, and Lu+ with H2, D2 and HD, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 13, 3176, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja973202c . [all data]

Marinelli and Squires, 1989
Marinelli, P.J.; Squires, R.R., Sequential Solvation of Atomic Transition Metal Ions: The Second Solvent Molecule Can Bind More Strongly than the First, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 11, 4101, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00193a052 . [all data]

Spears and Ferguson, 1973
Spears, K.G.; Ferguson, E.E., Termolecular and Saturated Termolecular Kinetics for Li+ and F-, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 8, 4174, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1680610 . [all data]

Snodgrass, Coe, et al., 1995
Snodgrass, J.T.; Coe, J.V.; Freidhoff, C.B.; Mchugh, K.M.; Arnold, S.T.; Bowen, K.H., Negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy of NH2-(NH3)1 and NH2-(NH3)2: Gas phase basicities of partially solvated anions, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 24, 9675, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100024a006 . [all data]

Coe, Snodgrass, et al., 1985
Coe, J.V.; Snodgrass, J.T.; Friedhoff, C.B.; McHugh, K.M.; Bowen, K.H., Negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy of the negative ion H-(NH3), J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 3169. [all data]

Schwartz, Davico, et al., 2000
Schwartz, R.L.; Davico, G.E.; Kim, J.B.; Lineberger, C.W., Negative Ion Photoelectron Spectroscopy of OH-(NH3), J. Chem. Phys., 2000, 112, 11, 4966, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.481051 . [all data]

Snodgrass, Coe, et al., 1989
Snodgrass, J.T.; Coe, J.V.; Freidhoff, C.B.; McHugh, K.M.; Bowen, K.H., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of the Negative Cluster Ions, NH2-(NH3)n=1,2, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 92, xxxx. [all data]

Stephan, Futrell, et al., 1982
Stephan, K.; Futrell, J.H.; Peterson, K.I.; Castleman, A.W.; Wagner, H.E.; Djuric, N.; Mark, T.D., An Electron - Impact Study of Ammonia Clusters in a Supersonic Molecular Beam: Appearence Potentials of NH4+, (NH3)2H+, (NH3)3+, (NH3)3H+ and (NH2 NH3)+, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1982, 44, 3-4, 167, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(82)80023-5 . [all data]

Ng, Trevor, et al., 1977
Ng, C.Y.; Trevor, D.J.; Tiedemann, P.W.; Ceyer, S.T.; Kronebush, B.H.; Mahan, B.H.; Lee, Y.T., Photoinization of Dimeric Polyatomic Molecules: Proton Affinities of H2O and HF, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67, 9, 4235, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.435404 . [all data]

Breen, Tzeng, et al., 1989
Breen, J.J.; Tzeng, W.B.; Kilgore, K.; Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Intracluster Reactions in Phenylacetylene - Ammonia Clusters Initiated through Resonant Enhanced Ionization, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 90, 1, 19, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.456521 . [all data]

Deakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994
Deakyne, C.A.; Knuth, D.M.; Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Filling of Solvent Shells about Ions. Part 3. Isomeric Clusters of (HCN)n(NH3)mH+, J. Mol. Structure (Theochem), 1994, 307, 217, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(94)80130-4 . [all data]

Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973
Payzant, J.D.; Cunningham, A.J.; Kebarle, P., Gas - Phase Solvation of Ammonium Ion by NH3 and H2O and Stabilities of Mixed Clusters NH4+(NH3)n(H2O)w, Can. J. Chem., 1973, 51, 19, 3242, https://doi.org/10.1139/v73-485 . [all data]

Wincel, 1972
Wincel, H., Ion-Molecule Reactions in Ammonia at High Pressures, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 9, 3, 267, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(72)80053-6 . [all data]

Tzeng, Wei, et al., 1991
Tzeng, W.B.; Wei, S.; Castleman, A.W., Stability, Structure and Binding - Energies of Solvated Cluster Ions - Ammonia Acetonitrile and Ammonia Acetaldehyde Systems, J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95, 15, 5757, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100168a011 . [all data]

Tang and Castleman, 1975
Tang, I.N.; Castleman, A.W., Gas - Phase Solvation of the Ammonium Ion in Ammonia, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 11, 4576, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.430331 . [all data]

Arshadi and Futrell, 1974
Arshadi, M.R.; Futrell, J.H., Studies in High - Pressure Mass Spectrometry. V. Thermodynamics of Solvation Reactions. NH4+ - NH3, J. Phys. Chem., 1974, 78, 15, 1482, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100608a008 . [all data]

Long and Franklin, 1973
Long, J.W.; Franklin, J.L., Ion-Cluster Reactions in a Drift Tube Ion Source, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys, 1973, 12, 5, 403, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(73)80025-7 . [all data]

Searles and Kebarle, 1968
Searles, S.K.; Kebarle, P., Ion-Solvent-Molecule Interactions in the Gas Phase. Enthalpies and Entropies for the Reactions NH4+(NH3)(n-1) + NH3 = NH4+(NH3)n, J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 2, 742, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100848a061 . [all data]

Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973
Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Ferguson, E.E., Thermal Energy Positive Ion Reactions in a Wet Atmosphere Containing Ammonia, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 12, 6272, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1680006 . [all data]

Puckett and Teague, 1971
Puckett, L.J.; Teague, M.W., Ion-Molecule Reactions in NO - NH3 Gas Mixtures, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 11, 4860, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674763 . [all data]

Wei, Tzeng, et al., 1990
Wei, S.; Tzeng, W.B.; Castleman, A.W., Kinetic Energy Release Measurements of Ammonia Cluster Ions During Metastable Decomposition and Determination of Cluster Ion Binding Energies, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 92, 1, 332, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458434 . [all data]

Kamke, Herrmann, et al., 1988
Kamke, W.; Herrmann, R.; Wang, Z.; Hertel, I.V., On the Photoionization and Fragmentation of Ammonia Clusters using TPEPICO, Z. Phys. D., 1988, 10, 4, 491, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01425768 . [all data]

Hogg, Haynes, et al., 1966
Hogg, A.M.; Haynes, R.M.; Kebarle, P., Ion-Solvent Molecule Interactions Studied in the Gas Phase. Heats and Entropies of Individual Steps. NH4+.(n-1)NH3 = NH4+.nNH3, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, 1, 28, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00953a006 . [all data]

Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.W.; Masucci, J.A.; Ikonomou, M.G., Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Binding of Molecules to Bromide and Iodide Anions, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1989, 24, 1, 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240103 . [all data]

Davidson and Kebarle, 1976
Davidson, W.R.; Kebarle, P., Binding Energies and Stabilities of Potassium Ion Complexes from Studies of Gas Phase Ion Equilibria K+ + M = K+.M, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 20, 6133, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00436a011 . [all data]

Woodin and Beauchamp, 1978
Woodin, R.L.; Beauchamp, J.L., Bonding of Li+ to Lewis Bases in the Gas Phase. Reversals in Methyl Substituent Effects for Different Reference Acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 2, 501, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00470a024 . [all data]

Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970
Dzidic, I.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of the Alkali Ions in the Gas Phase. Enthalpies and Entropies of Reactions M+(H2O)n-1 + H2O = M+(H2O)n, J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1466, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a013 . [all data]

Staley and Beauchamp, 1975
Staley, R.H.; Beauchamp, J.L., Intrinsic Acid - Base Properties of Molecules. Binding Energies of Li+ to pi - and n - Donor Bases, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1975, 97, 20, 5920, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00853a050 . [all data]

Castleman, Holland, et al., 1978
Castleman, A.W.; Holland, P.M.; Lindsay, D.M.; Peterson, K.I., The Properties of Clusters in the Gas Phase. 2. Ammonia about Metal Ions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 19, 6039, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00487a011 . [all data]

Andersen, Muntean, et al., 2000
Andersen, A.; Muntean, F.; Walter, D.; Rue, C.; Armentrout, P.B., Collision-Induced Dissociation and Theoretical Studies of Mg+ Complexes with CO, CO2, NH3, CH4, CH3OH, and C6H6, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2000, 104, 4, 692, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp993031t . [all data]

Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002
Hendricks, J.H.; de Clercq, H.L.; Freidhoff, C.B.; Arnold, S.T.; Eaton, J.G.; Fancher, C.; Lyapustina, S.A.; S., Anion solvation at the microscopic level: Photoelectron spectroscopy of the solvated anion clusters, NO-(Y)(n), where Y=Ar, Kr, Xe, N2O, H2S, NH3, H2O, and C2H4(OH)(2), J. Chem. Phys., 2002, 116, 18, 7926-7938, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1457444 . [all data]

Amicangelo and Armentrout, 2001
Amicangelo, J.C.; Armentrout, P.B., Relative and Absolute Bond Dissociation Energies of Sodium Cation Complexes Determined Using Competitive Collision-Induced Dissociation Experiments, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2001, 212, 1-3, 301, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-3806(01)00494-8 . [all data]

Armentrout and Rodgers, 2000
Armentrout, P.B.; Rodgers, M.T., An Absolute Sodium Cation Affinity Scale: Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation Experiments and ab Initio Theory, J. Phys. Chem A, 2000, 104, 11, 2238, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp991716n . [all data]

Hoyau, Norrman, et al., 1999
Hoyau, S.; Norrman, K.; McMahon, T.B.; Ohanessian, G., A Quantitative Basis for a Scale of Na+ Affinities of Organic and Small Biological Molecules in the Gas Phase, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 38, 8864, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9841198 . [all data]

McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000
McMahon, T.B.; Ohanessian, G., An Experimental and Ab Initio Study of the Nature of the Binding in Gas-Phase Complexes of Sodium Ions, Chem. Eur. J., 2000, 6, 16, 2931, https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3765(20000818)6:16<2931::AID-CHEM2931>3.0.CO;2-7 . [all data]

Guo and Castleman, 1991
Guo, B.C.; Castleman, A.W., The Clustering Reactions of Na+ and Pb+ with Several Important Ligands, Zeit. Phys. D., 1991, 19, 1-4, 397, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01448337 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, References