Sulfate


Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

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Clustering reactions

Sulfate + 6Water = H12O10S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 6H2O = H12O10S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr35.6 ± 1.3kJ/molTDAsBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; B

Sulfate + 12Water = H24O16S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 12H2O = H24O16S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr44.8 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr20. ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; B

Sulfate + 13Water = H26O17S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 13H2O = H26O17S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

Sulfate + 14Water = H28O18S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 14H2O = H28O18S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

Sulfate + 15Water = H30O19S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 15H2O = H30O19S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr19. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

Sulfate + 16Water = H32O20S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 16H2O = H32O20S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

Sulfate + 17Water = H34O21S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 17H2O = H34O21S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr18. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

Sulfate + 18Water = H36O22S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 18H2O = H36O22S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr16. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

Sulfate + 19Water = H38O23S-2

By formula: O4S-2 + 19H2O = H38O23S-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr15. ± 8.4kJ/molIMREBlades and Kebarle, 2005gas phase; dGaff at 270K; 298 value probably ca. 0.5 kcal/mole weaker; B

(Sulfate • 5Water) + Water = (Sulfate • 6Water)

By formula: (O4S-2 • 5H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr36.kJ/molES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

(Sulfate • 6Water) + Water = (Sulfate • 7Water)

By formula: (O4S-2 • 6H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 7H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr31.kJ/molES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

(Sulfate • 7Water) + Water = (Sulfate • 8Water)

By formula: (O4S-2 • 7H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 8H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr28.kJ/molES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

(Sulfate • 8Water) + Water = (Sulfate • 9Water)

By formula: (O4S-2 • 8H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 9H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.kJ/molES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

(Sulfate • 9Water) + Water = (Sulfate • 10Water)

By formula: (O4S-2 • 9H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 10H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23.kJ/molES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

(Sulfate • 10Water) + Water = (Sulfate • 11Water)

By formula: (O4S-2 • 10H2O) + H2O = (O4S-2 • 11H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr21.kJ/molES/HPMSBlades, Klassen, et al., 1995gas phase; M

References

Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Blades, Klassen, et al., 1995
Blades, A.T.; Klassen, J.S.; Kebarle, P., Free Energies of Hydration in the Gas Phase on the Anions of Some Oxo Acids of C, N, S, P, Cl and I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 42, 10563, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00147a019 . [all data]

Blades and Kebarle, 2005
Blades, A.T.; Kebarle, P., Sequential hydration energies of the sulfate ion, from determinations of the equilibrium constants for the gas-phase reactions: SO4(H2O)(n)(2-) = SO4(H2O)(n-1)(2-)+H2O, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2005, 109, 37, 8293-8298, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0540353 . [all data]


Notes

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