Toluene

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔfH°gas12.0 ± 0.26kcal/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are sufficient high-quality literature values to make a good evaluation with a high degree of confidence. In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (0.5 to 2.5) kJ/mol.; DRB
ΔfH°gas11.95 ± 0.15kcal/molCcbProsen, Gilmont, et al., 1945Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; ALS
ΔfH°gas11.5kcal/molN/ASchmidlin, 1906Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of 10.0 kj/mol from Schmidlin, 1906 and ΔvapH° value of 38.0 kj/mol from Prosen, Gilmont, et al., 1945.; DRB

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
16.69200.Draeger, 1985Recommended values agree better with experimental heat capacities than results of calculation [ Chao J., 1984]. All other statistically calculated values [ Pitzer K.S., 1943, Taylor W.J., 1946, Scott D.W., 1962] are in close agreement with selected ones, except for high temperatures.; GT
22.63273.15
24.78 ± 0.1298.15
24.95300.
33.44400.
40.82500.
46.89600.
51.86700.
56.00800.
59.49900.
62.431000.
64.961100.
67.111200.
68.951300.
70.551400.
71.941500.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
31.090 ± 0.062371.20Scott D.W., 1962Please also see Montgomery J.B., 1942, Pitzer K.S., 1943, Taylor W.J., 1946.; GT
33.51390.
32.80 ± 0.30393.
33.191 ± 0.065396.20
34.99410.
35.650 ± 0.072427.20
35.70 ± 0.40428.
38.320 ± 0.076462.20
38.00 ± 0.40463.
40.980 ± 0.081500.20

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔfH°liquid2.9 ± 0.26kcal/molReviewRoux, Temprado, et al., 2008There are sufficient high-quality literature values to make a good evaluation with a high degree of confidence. In general, the evaluated uncertainty limits are on the order of (0.5 to 2.5) kJ/mol.; DRB
ΔfH°liquid2.87 ± 0.15kcal/molCcbProsen, Gilmont, et al., 1945Hf by Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946; ALS
ΔfH°liquid  CcbSchmidlin, 1906uncertain value: 2.4 kcal/mol; Undetermine error; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔcH°liquid-937. ± 5.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 5 out of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
S°liquid52.811cal/mol*KN/AScott, Guthrie, et al., 1962DH
S°liquid52.39cal/mol*KN/AKelley, 1929DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
37.545298.15Grolier, Roux-Desgranges, et al., 1993DH
37.275298.15Shiohama, Ogawa, et al., 1988DH
38.22303.15Reddy, 1986T = 303.15, 313.15 K.; DH
37.543298.15Roux-Dexgranges, Grolier, et al., 1986DH
37.930298.15Tardajos, Aicart, et al., 1986DH
37.93298.15Stephens and Olson, 1984T = 266 to 318 K. Cp given as 0.4117 cal g-1 C-1.; DH
37.52298.15Grolier, Inglese, et al., 1982DH
37.560298.15Wilhelm, Faradjzadeh, et al., 1982DH
37.28293.15Atalla, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1981DH
37.52294.71Andolenko and Grigor'ev, 1979T = 293 to 373 K. Unsoothed experimental datum given as 1.704 KJ/kg*K.; DH
37.5375298.15Fortier and Benson, 1979DH
37.5433298.15Fortier and Benson, 1977DH
37.510298.15Wilhelm, Grolier, et al., 1977DH
37.5301298.15Fortier and Benson, 1976DH
37.522298.15Holzhauer and Ziegler, 1975T = 165 to 312 K. Cp = 187.43814 - 0.73026493T + 0.0029613602T2 - 2.8661704x10-6T3 J/mol*K.; DH
37.86298.15Pedersen, Kay, et al., 1975T = 298 to 348 K. Cp(liq) = 154.73 + 0.0981(T/K-273.15) + 0.001949(T/K-273.15)2 J/mol*K (298 to 348 K).; DH
37.48298.15Rajagopal and Subrahmanyam, 1974T = 298.15 to 323.15 K.; DH
37.40298.Deshpande and Bhatagadde, 1971T = 298 to 318 K.; DH
37.91293.Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967T = 293 to 373 K.; DH
37.603298.711Hwa and Ziegler, 1966T = 181 to 304 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
37.579298.15Scott, Guthrie, et al., 1962T = 10 to 360 K.; DH
39.89324.Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1958Mean value 21 to 81 C.; DH
33.5295.Tschamler, 1948DH
37.91298.Kurbatov, 1947T = -76 to 60 C, mean Cp, four temperatures.; DH
37.50298.1Zhdanov, 1941T = 5 to 47 C.; DH
37.541298.2Burlew, 1940T = 281 to 383 K.; DH
37.40298.Vold, 1937DH
34.11227.8Aoyama and Kanda, 1935T = 78 to 228 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
37.40298.1Richards and Wallace, 1932T = 293 to 333 K.; DH
38.70298.15Smith and Andrews, 1931T = 102 to 299 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
36.58928.444Kelley, 1929T = 14 to 284 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
36.09293.2Williams and Daniels, 1925T = 20 to 60 C.; DH
36.71303.Willams and Daniels, 1924T = 303 to 343 K. Equation only.; DH
37.81298.von Reis, 1881T = 292 to 390 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil383.8 ± 0.2KAVGN/AAverage of 110 out of 132 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus178.1 ± 0.6KAVGN/AAverage of 24 out of 25 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple178.15KN/AScott, Guthrie, et al., 1962, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Ttriple178.00KN/AZiegler and Andrews, 1942Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Ttriple177.9KN/AStull, 1937Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Ttriple177.95KN/AKelley, 1929, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc593. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 20 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc41. ± 1.atmAVGN/AAverage of 11 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.316l/molN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc3.17 ± 0.010mol/lN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1995 
ρc3.16mol/lN/AChirico and Steele, 1994Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 mol/l; TRC
ρc3.15mol/lN/AGoodwin, 1989Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 mol/l; TRC
ρc3.16mol/lN/ASteele, Chirico, et al., 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 mol/l; TRC
ρc3.162mol/lN/ASimon, 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 mol/l; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔvapH°9.0 ± 0.7kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔsubH°10.3kcal/molBLenchitz and Velicky, 1970AC

Reduced pressure boiling point

Tboil (K) Pressure (atm) Reference Comment
287.70.020Weast and Grasselli, 1989BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
7.930383.8N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
8.53346.N/ALee and Holder, 1993Based on data from 331. to 496. K.; AC
9.70264.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 210. to 279. K.; AC
8.22398.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 383. to 445. K.; AC
7.93455.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 440. to 531. K.; AC
7.96545.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 530. to 592. K.; AC
9.30284.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. to 295. K.; AC
8.84323.N/AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 308. to 386. K. See also Forziati, Norris, et al., 1949.; AC
8.01 ± 0.02380.CNatarajan and Viswanath, 1985AC
7.67 ± 0.02403.CNatarajan and Viswanath, 1985AC
7.03 ± 0.02441.CNatarajan and Viswanath, 1985AC
6.48 ± 0.02470.CNatarajan and Viswanath, 1985AC
5.74 ± 0.02505.CNatarajan and Viswanath, 1985AC
8.46333.N/AEubank, Cediel, et al., 1984AC
7.98373.N/AEubank, Cediel, et al., 1984AC
7.50413.N/AEubank, Cediel, et al., 1984AC
6.79453.N/AEubank, Cediel, et al., 1984AC
5.74493.N/AEubank, Cediel, et al., 1984AC
8.46360.N/ARivenq, 1975Based on data from 343. to 383. K.; AC
8.91318.N/AGaw and Swinton, 1968Based on data from 303. to 343. K.; AC
8.82303.N/AVan Ness, Soczek, et al., 1967Based on data from 288. to 348. K.; AC
8.521341.27VScott, Gutherie, et al., 1962low T and vapor flow calorimetry; ALS
9.03278.N/AMilazzo, 1956Based on data from 210. to 293. K.; AC
9.03301.N/AThomson, 1946Based on data from 286. to 362. K.; AC
8.84323.MMWillingham, Taylor, et al., 1945Based on data from 308. to 384. K.; AC
9.27288.N/APitzer and Scott, 1943Based on data from 273. to 323. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kcal/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
298. to 410.12.690.2774591.7Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
273.13 to 297.894.231081426.448-45.957Besley and Bottomley, 1974Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
303. to 343.4.076741346.382-53.508Gaw and Swinton, 1968, 2Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
420.00 to 580.004.538651738.1230.394Ambrose, Broderick, et al., 1967Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
308.52 to 384.664.072561343.943-53.773Williamham, Taylor, et al., 1945 
273. to 323.4.135861377.578-50.507Pitzer and Scott, 1943Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
1.586178.15Scott, Guthrie, et al., 1962DH
1.582177.95Kelley, 1929DH
1.565178.0Ziegler and Andrews, 1942, 2DH
1.58178.Domalski and Hearing, 1996See also Southard and Andrews, 1930.; AC

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
8.903178.15Scott, Guthrie, et al., 1962DH
8.891177.95Kelley, 1929DH
8.793178.0Ziegler and Andrews, 1942, 2DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C7H7- + Hydrogen cation = Toluene

By formula: C7H7- + H+ = C7H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°382.33 ± 0.45kcal/molD-EAGunion, Gilles, et al., 1992gas phase; Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1999, with LN2 cooling of the ion, gives the same EA; B
ΔrH°380.8 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
ΔrH°379.2 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSGal, Decouzon, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°377.0 ± 3.5kcal/molCIDTGraul and Squires, 1990gas phase; B
ΔrH°384.5 ± 7.1kcal/molG+TSBohme and Young, 1971gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°373.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
ΔrG°372.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREGal, Decouzon, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrG°377.4 ± 7.0kcal/molIMRBBohme and Young, 1971gas phase; B

C3H9Si+ + Toluene = (C3H9Si+ • Toluene)

By formula: C3H9Si+ + C7H8 = (C3H9Si+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°28.4kcal/molPHPMSStone and Stone, 1991gas phase; forms pi complex; M
ΔrH°31.3kcal/molPHPMSStone and Stone, 1991gas phase; toluene D8, forms pi complex; M
ΔrH°26.6kcal/molPHPMSWojtyniak and Stone, 1986gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)C6H6, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°34.9cal/mol*KN/AWojtyniak and Stone, 1986gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)C6H6, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
10.3468.PHPMSWojtyniak and Stone, 1986gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)C6H6, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Bromine anion + Toluene = (Bromine anion • Toluene)

By formula: Br- + C7H8 = (Br- • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.6 ± 1.8kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°0.1 ± 1.0kcal/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
0.1423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C4H9+ + Toluene = (C4H9+ • Toluene)

By formula: C4H9+ + C7H8 = (C4H9+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°28.6kcal/molPHPMSStone and Stone, 1991gas phase; toluene D8, forms protonated t-butyltoluene; M
ΔrH°29.1kcal/molPHPMSStone and Stone, 1991gas phase; forms protomated t-butyltoluene; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°54.5cal/mol*KPHPMSStone and Stone, 1991gas phase; toluene D8, forms protonated t-butyltoluene; M
ΔrS°54.6cal/mol*KPHPMSStone and Stone, 1991gas phase; forms protomated t-butyltoluene; M

C7H8+ + Toluene = (C7H8+ • Toluene)

By formula: C7H8+ + C7H8 = (C7H8+ • C7H8)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.5kcal/molMPIErnstberger, Krause, et al., 1990gas phase; M
ΔrH°5.4kcal/molPIRuhl, Bisling, et al., 1986gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M
ΔrH°16.0kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M

C6H7N+ + Toluene = (C6H7N+ • Toluene)

By formula: C6H7N+ + C7H8 = (C6H7N+ • C7H8)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13.7kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.0cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986gas phase; M

C9H12+ + Toluene = (C9H12+ • Toluene)

By formula: C9H12+ + C7H8 = (C9H12+ • C7H8)

Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.0kcal/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978gas phase; M

Nitric oxide anion + Toluene = (Nitric oxide anion • Toluene)

By formula: NO- + C7H8 = (NO- • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°44.2kcal/molICRReents and Freiser, 1981gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M

Hydrogen bromide + Benzene, (bromomethyl)- = Toluene + Bromine

By formula: HBr + C7H7Br = C7H8 + Br2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.1 ± 1.0kcal/molEqkBenson and Buss, 1957gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 8.0 ± 0.9 kcal/mol; ALS

Chlorine anion + Toluene = (Chlorine anion • Toluene)

By formula: Cl- + C7H8 = (Cl- • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°4.00kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
4.0300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

Hydrogen iodide + Benzene, (iodomethyl)- = Toluene + Iodine

By formula: HI + C7H7I = C7H8 + I2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°-7.8 ± 1.1kcal/molCmGraham, Nichol, et al., 1955liquid phase; solvent: p-Xylene; ALS

Benzene, (bromomethyl)- + 0.5Hydrogen = Toluene + 0.5Bromine

By formula: C7H7Br + 0.5H2 = C7H8 + 0.5Br2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°-0.9 ± 0.5kcal/molChydAshcroft, Carson, et al., 1963liquid phase; ALS

Iodide + Toluene = (Iodide • Toluene)

By formula: I- + C7H8 = (I- • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.0 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsCaldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989gas phase; B,M

5-Methylene 1,3-cyclohexadiene = Toluene

By formula: C7H8 = C7H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°-24. ± 3.kcal/molCmBartmess and Griffith, 1990gas phase; Gas phase acidity; ALS

Benzene, (iodomethyl)- = Toluene + 0.5Iodine

By formula: C7H7I = C7H8 + 0.5I2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°-9.7 ± 0.4kcal/molChydAshcroft, Carson, et al., 1963liquid phase; ALS

(Lithium ion (1+) • Toluene) + Toluene = (Lithium ion (1+) • 2Toluene)

By formula: (Li+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Li+ • 2C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°27.8 ± 0.7kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Sodium ion (1+) • Toluene) + Toluene = (Sodium ion (1+) • 2Toluene)

By formula: (Na+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Na+ • 2C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.7 ± 0.5kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Cesium ion (1+) • Toluene) + Toluene = (Cesium ion (1+) • 2Toluene)

By formula: (Cs+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Cs+ • 2C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.7 ± 1.0kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Rubidium ion (1+) • Toluene) + Toluene = (Rubidium ion (1+) • 2Toluene)

By formula: (Rb+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Rb+ • 2C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.2 ± 1.0kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Potassium ion (1+) • Toluene) + Toluene = (Potassium ion (1+) • 2Toluene)

By formula: (K+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (K+ • 2C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.9 ± 1.1kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

(Chromium ion (1+) • Toluene) + Toluene = (Chromium ion (1+) • 2Toluene)

By formula: (Cr+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Cr+ • 2C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°53.1 ± 9.1kcal/molRAKLin and Dunbar, 1997RCD

Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)- + Benzene = Toluene + Benzene, (1-methylethyl)-

By formula: C10H14 + C6H6 = C7H8 + C9H12

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°0.0 ± 0.1kcal/molEqkTsvetkov, Rozhnov, et al., 1985liquid phase; ALS

Lithium ion (1+) + Toluene = (Lithium ion (1+) • Toluene)

By formula: Li+ + C7H8 = (Li+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°43.7 ± 4.0kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Sodium ion (1+) + Toluene = (Sodium ion (1+) • Toluene)

By formula: Na+ + C7H8 = (Na+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.8 ± 0.8kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Cesium ion (1+) + Toluene = (Cesium ion (1+) • Toluene)

By formula: Cs+ + C7H8 = (Cs+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.3 ± 1.1kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Rubidium ion (1+) + Toluene = (Rubidium ion (1+) • Toluene)

By formula: Rb+ + C7H8 = (Rb+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.0 ± 1.0kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Potassium ion (1+) + Toluene = (Potassium ion (1+) • Toluene)

By formula: K+ + C7H8 = (K+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19.1 ± 1.2kcal/molCIDTAmunugama and Rodgers, 2002RCD

Chromium ion (1+) + Toluene = (Chromium ion (1+) • Toluene)

By formula: Cr+ + C7H8 = (Cr+ • C7H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°42.1 ± 3.3kcal/molRAKLin and Dunbar, 1997RCD

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

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Ziegler and Andrews, 1942
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Stull, 1937
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Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References