Benzoic acid
- Formula: C7H6O2
- Molecular weight: 122.1213
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 65-85-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Benzenecarboxylic acid; Benzeneformic acid; Benzenemethanoic acid; Benzoesaeure GK; Benzoesaeure GV; Carboxybenzene; Dracylic acid; Phenylcarboxylic acid; Phenylformic acid; Retarder BA; Retardex; Salvo, liquid; Solvo, powder; Tenn-Plas; Acide benzoique; Benzoic acid, tech.; Kyselina benzoova; Benzoesaeure; Salvo powder; E 210; HA 1; HA 1 (acid); Phenylcarboxy; Benzenemethonic acid; Diacylic acid; Flowers of benjamin; Flowers of benzoin; Oracylic acid; Retarder BAX; NSC 149
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔcH°liquid | -771.272 ± 0.048 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Gundry, Harrop, et al., 1969 | Reanalyzed by Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986, Original value = -770.968 kcal/mol; Corresponding ΔfHºliquid = -92.032 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔfH°solid | -91.98 ± 0.12 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Corral, 1960 | ALS |
| ΔfH°solid | -92.2 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Landrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929 | ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔcH°solid | -772. ± 1. | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 17 out of 18 values; Individual data points |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| S°solid,1 bar | 39.606 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Kaji, Tochigi, et al., 1993 | DH |
| S°solid,1 bar | 40.088 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Arvidsson, Falk, et al., 1976 | DH |
| S°solid,1 bar | 40.055 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951 | DH |
| S°solid,1 bar | 40.110 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Davies and Staveley, 1957 | DH |
| S°solid,1 bar | 40.80 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 59.25 J/mol*K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
| Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 61.9 | 413. | Pacor, 1967 | DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
| Cp,solid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35.320 | 300. | Kaji, Tochigi, et al., 1993 | T = 19 to 312 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
| 35.141 | 298.902 | Sorai, Kaji, et al., 1992 | T = 15 to 305 K. Unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
| 34.950 | 296.29 | Moriya, Matsuo, et al., 1982 | T = 13 to 355 K. NBS SRM 29.; DH |
| 35.050 | 298.15 | Shakirov and Lyubarskii, 1980 | T = 20 to 300 K.; DH |
| 35.084 | 298.15 | Arvidsson, Falk, et al., 1976 | T = 6 to 341 K.; DH |
| 35.151 | 299.62 | Tatsumi, Matsuo, et al., 1975 | T = 12 to 304 K.; DH |
| 35.6 | 301. | Mosselman, Mourik, et al., 1974 | One temperature, T = 5 K. Value 5 J/mol*K.; DH |
| 35.086 | 298.15 | Konicek, Suurkuusk, et al., 1971 | DH |
| 40.010 | 298.15 | Justice, 1969 | As check on system. Only value at 298 K given.; DH |
| 35.167 | 299.99 | Suga and Seki, 1965 | T = 13 to 300 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
| 31.1 | 340. | David, 1964 | T = 298 to 373 K. Mean value. T = uncertain.; DH |
| 34.969 | 298.15 | Kolesov, Seregin, et al., 1962 | T = 22 to 310 K.; DH |
| 35.139 | 298.15 | Davies and Staveley, 1957 | T = 20 to 298 K.; DH |
| 35.801 | 298.15 | Popov and Kolesov, 1956 | T = 80 to 300 K.; DH |
| 35.088 | 298.15 | Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953 | T = 14 to 410 K.; DH |
| 35.088 | 298.15 | Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951 | T = 13 to 410 K.; DH |
| 38.29 | 323. | Satoh and Sogabe, 1939 | T = 0 to 100 C. Mean value.; DH |
| 34.680 | 295.1 | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | T = 93 to 295 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
| 37.09 | 298. | Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926 | T = 22 to 200 C.; DH |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
- SOLID (SPLIT MULL); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH I) FROM HARD COPY; 2 cm-1 resolution
- SOLID (VAPOR AT 160 C); DOW KBr FOREPRISM; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm-1 resolution
- SOLUTION (2% CCl4 FOR 3800-1330, 2% CS2 FOR 1330-460 CM-1); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH I) FROM HARD COPY; 2 cm-1 resolution
- VAPOR AT 160 C; DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 2 cm-1 resolution
Data compiled by: Timothy J. Johnson, Tanya L. Myers, Yin-Fong Su, Russell G. Tonkyn, Molly Rose K. Kelly-Gorham, and Tyler O. Danby
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
References
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Gundry, Harrop, et al., 1969
Gundry, H.A.; Harrop, D.; Head, A.J.; Lewis, G.B.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. 21. Enthalpies of combustion of benzoic acid, pentan-1-ol, octan-1-ol, and hexadecan-1-ol,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1969, 1, 321-332. [all data]
Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986
Pedley, J.B.; Naylor, R.D.; Kirby, S.P.,
Thermochemical Data of Organic Compounds, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1986, 1-792. [all data]
Corral, 1960
Corral, L.B.,
Investigaciones termoquimicas sobre los acidos toluicos y dimetilbenzoicos,
Rev. R. Acad. Cienc., 1960, 54, 365-403. [all data]
Landrieu, Baylocq, et al., 1929
Landrieu, P.; Baylocq, F.; Johnson, J.R.,
Etude thermochimique dans la serie furanique,
Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1929, 45, 36-49. [all data]
Kaji, Tochigi, et al., 1993
Kaji, K.; Tochigi, K.; Misawa, Y.; Suzuki, T.,
An adiabatic calorimeter for samples of mass less than 0.1 g and heat capacity measurements on benzoic acid at temperatures from 19 K to 312 K,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1993, 25(6), 699-709. [all data]
Arvidsson, Falk, et al., 1976
Arvidsson, K.; Falk, B.; Sunner, S.,
A small sample low temperature adiabatic heat capacity calorimeter with an automatic data acquisition system,
Chem. Scr., 1976, 10, 193-200. [all data]
Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951
Furukawa, G.T.; McCoskey, R.E.; King, G.J.,
Calorimetric properties of benzoic acid from 0 to 410K,
J. Res., 1951, NBS 47, 256-261. [all data]
Davies and Staveley, 1957
Davies, T.; Staveley, L.A.K.,
The behaviour of the ammonium ion in the ammonium salt of tetraphenylboron by comparison of the heat capacities of the ammonium, rubidium, and potassium salts,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1957, 53, 19-30. [all data]
Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.; Barmore, M.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XI. The heat capacities,
entropies and free energies of ten compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 2733-2740. [all data]
Pacor, 1967
Pacor, P.,
Applicability of the DuPont 900 DTA apparatus in quantitative differential thermal analysis,
Anal. Chim. Acta, 1967, 37, 200-208. [all data]
Sorai, Kaji, et al., 1992
Sorai, M.; Kaji, K.; Kaneko, Y.,
An automated adiabatic calorimeter for the temperature range 13 K to 530 K The heat capacities for benzoic acid from 15 K to 305 K and of synthetic sapphire from 60 K to 505 K,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1992, 24(2), 167-180. [all data]
Moriya, Matsuo, et al., 1982
Moriya, K.; Matsuo, T.; Suga, H.,
Low temperature adiabatic calorimeter with a built-in cryo-refrigerator,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1982, 14, 1143-1148. [all data]
Shakirov and Lyubarskii, 1980
Shakirov, R.F.; Lyubarskii, M.V.,
Low-temperature heat capacity and thermodynamic functions of methyl trichlorothioacrylate,
SPSTL Deposited Publication 3 KhP-D80, 1980, 19p. [all data]
Tatsumi, Matsuo, et al., 1975
Tatsumi, M.; Matsuo, T.; Suga, H.; Seki, S.,
An adiabatic calorimeter for high-resolution heat capacity measurements in the temperature range from 12 to 300 K,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1975, 48, 3060-3066. [all data]
Mosselman, Mourik, et al., 1974
Mosselman, C.; Mourik, J.; Dekker, H.,
Enthalpies of phase change and heat capacities of some long-chain alcohols. Adiabatic semi-microcalorimeter for studies of polymorphism,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1974, 6, 477-487. [all data]
Konicek, Suurkuusk, et al., 1971
Konicek, J.; Suurkuusk, J.; Wadso, I.,
A precise drop heat capacity calorimeter for small samples,
Chemica Scripta, 1971, 1, 217-220. [all data]
Justice, 1969
Justice, B.H.,
Low temperature thermodynamic properties of aluminum trichloride,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1969, 14, 4-5. [all data]
Suga and Seki, 1965
Suga, H.; Seki, S.,
An automatic adiabatic calorimeter for low temperatures. The heat capacity of standard benzoic acid,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1965, 38, 1000-1006. [all data]
David, 1964
David, D.J.,
Determination of specific heat and heat of fusion by differential thermal analysis. Study of theory and operating parameters,
Anal. Chem., 1964, 36, 2162-2166. [all data]
Kolesov, Seregin, et al., 1962
Kolesov, V.P.; Seregin, E.A.; Skuratov, S.M.,
Adiabatic calorimeter of small volume for the determination of true heat capacity over the range 12-340K,
Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1962, 36, 647-651. [all data]
Popov and Kolesov, 1956
Popov, M.M.; Kolesov, V.P.,
Determination of the true specific heat of solid substances at low temperatures,
Zhur. Obshch. Khim., 1956, 26, 2385-2393. [all data]
Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953
Ginnings, D.C.; Furukawa, G.T.,
Heat capacity standards for the range 14 to 1200°K,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 522-527. [all data]
Satoh and Sogabe, 1939
Satoh, S.; Sogabe, T.,
The specific heats of some solid aromatic acids and their ammonium salts and the atomic heat of nitrogen,
Sci. Pap. Inst. Phys. Chem. Res. (Tokyo), 1939, 36, 449-457. [all data]
Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926
Andrews, D.H.; Lynn, G.; Johnston, J.,
The heat capacities and heat of crystallization of some isomeric aromatic compounds,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 1274-1287. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid S°solid,1 bar Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar) ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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