Pyridine

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid23.89 ± 0.12kcal/molCcbHubbard, Frow, et al., 1961ALS
Δfliquid23.95 ± 0.36kcal/molCcbCox, Challoner, et al., 1954ALS
Δfliquid16.7kcal/molCcbConstam and White, 1903ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-651.3kcal/molCcbStrepikheev, Baranov, et al., 1962ALS
Δcliquid-664.95 ± 0.10kcal/molCcbHubbard, Frow, et al., 1961ALS
Δcliquid-665.00 ± 0.36kcal/molCcbCox, Challoner, et al., 1954ALS
Δcliquid-659.2kcal/molCcbConstam and White, 1903ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid42.519cal/mol*KN/AMcCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957DH
liquid42.81cal/mol*KN/AParks, Todd, et al., 1936Extrapolation below 90 K, 50.04 J/mol*K.; DH
liquid50.289cal/mol*KN/APearce and Bakke, 1936Extrapolation below 90 K, 89.33 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
46.22293.Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967T = 293 to 353 K.; DH
31.8298.15Hubbard, Frow, et al., 1961DH
35.11332.Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1958Mean value 22 to 96°C.; DH
31.721298.15McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957T = 10 to 350 K.; DH
32.249298.1Parks, Todd, et al., 1936T = 90 to 300 K.; DH
31.859298.1Pearce and Bakke, 1936T = 90 to 298 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
30.90289.Radulescu and Jula, 1934DH
32.349273.4Swietoslawski, Tybicka, et al., 1931DH
32.41290.Swietoslawski, Tybicka, et al., 1931, 2DH
30.911294.Mathews, Krause, et al., 1917DH
31.19283.Bramley, 1916Mean value, 0 to 20°C.; DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil388.5 ± 0.6KAVGN/AAverage of 80 out of 84 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus232. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 26 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple231.48KN/AHelm, Lanum, et al., 1958Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; measured in calorimeter at USBM, Bartlesville, OK; TRC
Ttriple231.480KN/AMcCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; by extrapolation of 1/f to zero; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc619. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc55.86atmN/ABrunner, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0558 atm; Visual, optical cell 30cm high. P transducer cal. vs PB.; TRC
Pc55.66atmN/AKobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.020 atm; TRC
Pc60.000atmN/AHerz and Neukirch, 1923Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.8000 atm; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.253l/molN/AKobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 l/mol; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap9.63 ± 0.06kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 10 out of 11 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
8.387388.4N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
9.39324.N/AUkraintseva, Soldatov, et al., 1997Based on data from 289. to 358. K.; AC
8.99354.N/ABlanco, Beltran, et al., 1994Based on data from 346. to 362. K.; AC
9.54310.EBLencka, 1990Based on data from 295. to 388. K.; AC
9.49311.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 296. to 353. K.; AC
8.91363.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 348. to 434. K.; AC
8.37446.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 431. to 558. K.; AC
8.13567.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 552. to 620. K.; AC
8.99355.EBStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 340. to 426. K. See also McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957.; AC
9.46313.CMichou-Saucet, Jose, et al., 1986Based on data from 298. to 333. K.; AC
9.42313.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1984AC
9.20328.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1984AC
9.01343.CMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1984AC
8.68368.N/AMajer, Svoboda, et al., 1984AC
8.96 ± 0.02346.CMcCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957AC
8.70 ± 0.02366.CMcCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957AC
8.39 ± 0.02388.CMcCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957AC
9.18335.MGHerington and Martin, 1953Based on data from 320. to 388. K.; AC
10.6273.N/AMeulen and Mann, 1931Based on data from 258. to 389. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) A (kcal/mol) β Tc (K) Reference Comment
298. to 388.13.250.2536620.Majer and Svoboda, 1985 

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
340.5 to 426.044.157011371.358-58.496McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
1.9786231.49McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957Includes energy of anomaly at about 210 K.; DH
1.98231.5Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
1.977231.1Parks, Todd, et al., 1936DH
0.7409230.38Pearce and Bakke, 1936DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
8.547231.49McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957Includes; DH
8.554231.1Parks, Todd, et al., 1936DH
3.217230.38Pearce and Bakke, 1936DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Hubbard, Frow, et al., 1961
Hubbard, W.N.; Frow, F.R.; Waddington, G., The heats of combustion and formation of pyridine and hippuric acid, J. Phys. Chem., 1961, 65, 1326-1328. [all data]

Cox, Challoner, et al., 1954
Cox, J.D.; Challoner, A.R.; Meetham, A.R., The heats of combustion of pyridine and certain of its derivatives, J. Chem. Soc., 1954, 265-271. [all data]

Constam and White, 1903
Constam, E.J.; White, J., Physico-chemical investigations in the pyridine series, Am. Chem. J., 1903, 29, 1-49. [all data]

Strepikheev, Baranov, et al., 1962
Strepikheev, Yu.A.; Baranov, Yu.I.; Burmistrova, O.A., Determination of the heats of combustion and the heat capacities of several mono- and di-isocyanates, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Khim. Khim. Tekhnol., 1962, 5, 387-390. [all data]

McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957
McCullough, J.P.; Douslin, D.R.; Messerly, J.F.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Kincheloe, T.C.; Waddington, G., Pyridine: experimental and calculated chemical thermodynamic properties between 0 and 1500 K., a revised vibrational assignment, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 4289-4295. [all data]

Parks, Todd, et al., 1936
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Moore, W.A., Thermal data on organic compounds. XVI. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for typical benzene derivatives and heterocyclic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 398-401. [all data]

Pearce and Bakke, 1936
Pearce, J.N.; Bakke, H.M., The heat capacity and the free energy of formation of pyridine, Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci., 1936, 43, 171-174. [all data]

Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967
Rastorguev, Yu.L.; Ganiev, Yu.A., Study of the heat capacity of selected solvents, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Neft Gaz. 10, 1967, No.1, 79-82. [all data]

Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1958
Swietoslawski, W.; Zielenkiewicz, A., Mean specific heat of some ternary azeotropes, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Chim., 1958, 6, 365-366. [all data]

Radulescu and Jula, 1934
Radulescu, D.; Jula, O., Beiträge zur Bestimmung der Abstufung der Polarität des Aminstickstoffes in den organischen Verbindungen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1934, B26, 390-393. [all data]

Swietoslawski, Tybicka, et al., 1931
Swietoslawski, W.; Tybicka, S.; Solodkowska, W., Sur un microcalorimetre adiabatique, adapte aux mesures de la chaleur specifique de substances solides et liquides, Bull. Int. Acad. Pol. Sci. Lett. Cl. Sci. Math Nat. Ser A, 1931, 1931, 322-335. [all data]

Swietoslawski, Tybicka, et al., 1931, 2
Swietoslawski, W.; Tybicka, S.; Solodkowska, W., Sur un microcalorimetre adiabatique, adapte aux mesures de la chaleur specifique de substances solides et liquides, Rocz. Chem., 1931, 11, 65-77. [all data]

Mathews, Krause, et al., 1917
Mathews, J.H.; Krause, E.L.; Bohnson, B.L., a contribution to the thermal chemistry of pyridine, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1917, 39, 398-413. [all data]

Bramley, 1916
Bramley, A., The study of binary mixtures. Part IV. Heats of reaction and specific heats, J. Chem. Soc. (London), 1916, 109, 496-515. [all data]

Helm, Lanum, et al., 1958
Helm, R.V.; Lanum, W.J.; Cook, G.L.; Ball, J.S., Purification and Properties of Pyrrole, Pyrrolidine, Pyridine and 2-Methylpyridine, J. Phys. Chem., 1958, 62, 858. [all data]

McCullough, Douslin, et al., 1957, 2
McCullough, J.P.; Douslin, D.R.; Messerly, J.F.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Kincheloe, T.C.; Waddington, G., Pyridine: Experimental and Calculated Chemical Thermodynamic Prop- erties Between 0 and 1500 K; A Revised Vibrational Assignment, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 4289. [all data]

Brunner, 1987
Brunner, E., Fluid mixtures at high pressures VI. Phase separation and critical phenomina in 18 binary mixtures containing either pyridine or ethanoic acid, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 823. [all data]

Kobe, Ravicz, et al., 1956
Kobe, K.A.; Ravicz, A.E.; Vohra, S.P., Critical Properties and Vapor Pressures of Some Ethers and Heterocyclic Compounds, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1956, 1, 50. [all data]

Herz and Neukirch, 1923
Herz, W.; Neukirch, E., On Knowldge of the Critical State, Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1923, 104, 433-50. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Ukraintseva, Soldatov, et al., 1997
Ukraintseva, E.A.; Soldatov, D.V.; Dyadin, Yu.A., Pyridine vapor pressure and thermodynamic parameters of clathrate and complex formation in the pyridine-zinc nitrate system, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 1997, 42, 2, 283. [all data]

Blanco, Beltran, et al., 1994
Blanco, Beatriz; Beltran, Sagrario; Cabezas, Jose Luis; Coca, Jose, Vapor-liquid equilibria of coal-derived liquids. 3. Binary systems with tetralin at 200 mm mercury, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1994, 39, 1, 23-26, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00013a007 . [all data]

Lencka, 1990
Lencka, Malgorzata, Measurements of the vapour pressures of pyridine, 2-methylpyridine, 2,4-dimethylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine from 0.1 kPa to atmospheric pressure using a modified Swietoslawski ebulliometer, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1990, 22, 5, 473-480, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(90)90139-H . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Michou-Saucet, Jose, et al., 1986
Michou-Saucet, Marie-Annie; Jose, Jacques; Michou-Saucet, Christian, Equilibre liquide-vapeur isotherme des systemes pyridine-n-hexane et pyridine-n-heptane, Thermochimica Acta, 1986, 102, 271-279, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(86)85335-7 . [all data]

Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1984
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.; Lencka, M., Enthalpies of vaporization and cohesive energies of pyridine and isomeric methylpyridines, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1984, 16, 1019-1024. [all data]

Herington and Martin, 1953
Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F., Vapour pressures of pyridine and its homologues, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1953, 49, 154, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9534900154 . [all data]

Meulen and Mann, 1931
Meulen, P.A. van der.; Mann, Russell F., THE VAPOR PRESSURE OF PYRIDINE, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1931, 53, 2, 451-453, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01353a006 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References