Benzoic acid

Formula: C₇H₆O₂
Molecular weight: 122.1213
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H6O2/c8-7(9)6-4-2-1-3-5-6/h1-5H,(H,8,9)
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 65-85-0
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Benzenecarboxylic acid; Benzeneformic acid; Benzenemethanoic acid; Benzoesaeure GK; Benzoesaeure GV; Carboxybenzene; Dracylic acid; Phenylcarboxylic acid; Phenylformic acid; Retarder BA; Retardex; Salvo, liquid; Solvo, powder; Tenn-Plas; Acide benzoique; Benzoic acid, tech.; Kyselina benzoova; Benzoesaeure; Salvo powder; E 210; HA 1; HA 1 (acid); Phenylcarboxy; Benzenemethonic acid; Diacylic acid; Flowers of benjamin; Flowers of benzoin; Oracylic acid; Retarder BAX; NSC 149
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Phase change data

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	522.2	K	N/A	Weast and Grasselli, 1989	BS
T_boil	522.	K	N/A	Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982	BS
T_boil	523.18	K	N/A	Burriel, 1931	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
T_boil	523.59	K	N/A	Burriel, 1931	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	395.2 ± 0.7	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 18 out of 20 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	395.52	K	N/A	Marsh, 1987	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 K; recommended as calibration standard; TRC
T_triple	395.520	K	N/A	Andon and Connett, 1980	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
T_triple	395.52	K	N/A	Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
T_triple	395.52	K	N/A	Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	18.9	kcal/mol	CGC	Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995	Based on data from 353. to 393. K.; AC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_subH°	21.4 ± 0.9	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 13 values; Individual data points

Reduced pressure boiling point

T_boil (K)	Pressure (atm)	Reference	Comment
406.2	0.013	Weast and Grasselli, 1989	BS
406.	0.013	Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982	BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
20.901	335.	N/A	Torres-Gomez, Barreiro-Rodriguez, et al., 1988	DH
15.1 ± 0.1	401. to 416.	N/A	Pena, Ribet, et al., 2003	AC
15.8	420.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 405. to 523. K.; AC
16.2	368. to 428.	GS	Matsubara and Kuwamoto, 1985	AC
15.6	428.	I	Cramer, 1943	AC
16.2	416.	MM,A	Klosky, Woo, et al., 1927	Based on data from 401. to 520. K.; AC

Entropy of vaporization

Δ_vapS (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
62.38	335.	Torres-Gomez, Barreiro-Rodriguez, et al., 1988	DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
369. to 522.4	4.47263	1771.357	-127.484	Stull, 1947	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

Δ_subH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
21.326	298.15	N/A	Torres-Gomez, Barreiro-Rodriguez, et al., 1988	DH
21.7 ± 0.48	340. to 410.	TG-TS	Selvakumar, Raghunathan, et al., 2009	AC
21.5 ± 0.1	307.	ME	Ribeiro da Silva, Monte, et al., 2006	Based on data from 299. to 317. K.; AC
22.1 ± 1.	294. to 331.	ME	Ginkel, Kruif, et al., 2001	AC
21.6 ± 0.07	323. to 394.	GS	Zielenkiewicz, Perlovich, et al., 1999	AC
20.7	313. to 343.	TGA	Elder, 1997	AC
21.2 ± 0.2	311.	ME	Da Silva and Monte, 1990	Based on data from 307. to 314. K.; AC
20.9 ± 0.07	335.	C	Torres-Gomez, Barreiro-Rodriguez, et al., 1988	AC
21.7 ± 0.1	306.	QR	Glukhova, Arkhangelova, et al., 1985	Based on data from 293. to 319. K.; AC
22.7 ± 0.43	294.	N/A	Kaisersberger, Hädrich, et al., 1985	AC
21.0	368. to 428.	GS	Matsubara and Kuwamoto, 1985	AC
21.7 ± 0.5	293. to 313.	ME	Colomina, Jimenez, et al., 1982	AC
21.4 ± 0.01	353.	DM	de Kruif and Blok, 1982	Based on data from 316. to 391. K.; AC
21.3 ± 0.05	320. to 370.	C	Murata, Sakiyama, et al., 1982	AC
20. ± 0.5	369.	SG	Sachinidis and Hill, 1980	Based on data from 344. to 395. K.; AC
21.1 ± 0.69	281. to 323.	LE	Nowak, Szczepaniak, et al., 1978	AC
21.2 ± 0.38	293. to 318.	TE	DeKruif, van Ginkel, et al., 1975	AC
22.2 ± 0.05	296.	ME	Arshadi, 1974	Based on data from 273. to 318. K.; AC
21.1 ± 0.05	293. to 311.	TCM	de Kruif and Oonk, 1973	AC
21.3 ± 0.1	338. to 383.	ME	Malaspina, 1973	AC
21.3 ± 0.1	338. to 383.	C	Malaspina, 1973	AC
22. ± 0.07	293. to 308.	ME	Colomina, Monzon, et al., 1972	AC
20.7 ± 0.31	290. to 315.	ME,C	Wiedemann, 1972	AC
21.3	314.	N/A	Ashcroft, 1971	Based on data from 299. to 329. K.; AC
21.6 ± 0.2	367.	HSA	Melia and Merrifield, 1970	Based on data from 324. to 392. K.; AC
20.7 ± 0.41	303.	ME	Wiedemann and Waughna, 1970	Based on data from 290. to 315. K. See also Zielenkiewicz, Perlovich, et al., 1999.; AC
21.2 ± 0.1	363.	GS	Mertl, 1968	Based on data from 348. to 378. K.; AC
21.7	299.	ME	Davies and Kybett, 1965	Based on data from 291. to 307. K.; AC
20.1 ± 0.2	318.	TE	Wolf and Weghofer, 1938	AC
20.1 ± 0.2	318.	V	Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2	ALS
20.5	383.	T	Hirsbrunner, 1934	Based on data from 333. to 389. K.; AC
20.2 ± 0.1	364.	I	Klosky, Woo, et al., 1927	Based on data from 377. to 394. K.; AC

Entropy of sublimation

Δ_subS (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
71.53	298.15	Torres-Gomez, Barreiro-Rodriguez, et al., 1988	DH

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
4.3035	395.52	N/A	Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953, 2	DH
4.3021	395.52	N/A	Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951, 2	DH
4.061	396.9	DSC	Brittain, 2009	AC
4.13	394.4	DSC	Sharma, Kant, et al., 2003	See also Sharma, Jamwal, et al., 2004.; AC
4.09	395.4	DSC	Roy, Riga, et al., 2002	AC
4.300	395.5	N/A	Pitzer, Peiper, et al., 1984	AC
3.8791	395.	N/A	Pacor, 1967	DH
4.1396	395.0	N/A	Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926	DH
4.1587	395.	N/A	David, 1964	Temperature not measured.; DH

Entropy of fusion

Δ_fusS (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
10.88	395.52	Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953, 2	DH
10.88	395.52	Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951, 2	DH
9.82	395.	Pacor, 1967	DH
10.5	395.0	Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926	DH
11.	395.	David, 1964	Temperature; DH

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔH_trs (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
4.3169	395.527	crystaline, I	liquid	Andon and Connett, 1980, 2	DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔS_trs (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
10.92	395.527	crystaline, I	liquid	Andon and Connett, 1980, 2	DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Notes

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982
Buckingham, J.; Donaghy, S.M., Dictionary of Organic Compounds: Fifth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1982, 1. [all data]

Burriel, 1931
Burriel, F., Physico-Chemical Study of Some Solid Organic Compounds at Ordinary Temperatures, and Their COrrelationo with Temperature, An. R. Soc. Esp. Fis. Quim., 1931, 29, 89. [all data]

Marsh, 1987
Marsh, K.N., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford, 1987. [all data]

Andon and Connett, 1980
Andon, R.J.L.; Connett, J.E., Calibrants for thermal analysis. measurement of their enthalpies of fusion by adiabatic calorimetry., Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 42, 241. [all data]

Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953
Ginnings, D.C.; Furukawa, G.T., Heat Capacity Standards for the Range 14 to 1200 K, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 522-7. [all data]

Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951
Furukawa, G.T.; McCoskey, R.E.; King, G.J., Calorimetric properties of benzoic acid from 0 to 410 K, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand. (U. S.), 1951, 47, 256. [all data]

Chickos, Hosseini, et al., 1995
Chickos, James S.; Hosseini, Sarah; Hesse, Donald G., Determination of vaporization enthalpies of simple organic molecules by correlations of changes in gas chromatographic net retention times, Thermochimica Acta, 1995, 249, 41-62, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(95)90670-3 . [all data]

Torres-Gomez, Barreiro-Rodriguez, et al., 1988
Torres-Gomez, L.A.; Barreiro-Rodriguez, G.; Galarza-Mondragon, A., A new method for the measurement of enthalpies of sublimation using differential scanning calorimetry, Thermochim. Acta, 1988, 124, 229-233. [all data]

Pena, Ribet, et al., 2003
Pena, R.; Ribet, J.P.; Maurel, J.L.; Valat, L.; Lacoulonche, F.; Chauvet, A., Sublimation and vaporisation processes of S(-) efaroxan hydrochloride, Thermochimica Acta, 2003, 408, 1-2, 85-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00321-6 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Matsubara and Kuwamoto, 1985
Matsubara, Norio; Kuwamoto, Tooru, Vapor pressure measurements in carrier gas containing ligand vapor using the transpiration technique, Thermochimica Acta, 1985, 83, 2, 193-202, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(85)87003-9 . [all data]

Cramer, 1943
Cramer, K.S.N., Chem. Zentr. II, 1943, 2234. [all data]

Klosky, Woo, et al., 1927
Klosky, Simon; Woo, Leo P.L.; Flanigan, Robert J., THE VAPOR-PRESSURE CURVE OF BENZOIC ACID, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1927, 49, 5, 1280-1284, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01404a017 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Selvakumar, Raghunathan, et al., 2009
Selvakumar, Jayapragasam; Raghunathan, Vinjamoor Seshadri; Nagaraja, Karachalacheruvu Seetharamaiah, Vapor Pressure Measurements of Sc(tmhd) ₃ and Synthesis of Stabilized Zirconia Thin Films by Hybrid CVD Technique Using Sc(tmhd) ₃ , Zr(tmhd) ₄ , and Al(acac) ₃ [tmhd, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione; acac, 2,4-pentanedione] as Precursors, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2009, 113, 44, 19011-19020, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp906204c . [all data]

Ribeiro da Silva, Monte, et al., 2006
Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Monte, Manuel J.S.; Santos, Luís M.N.B.F., The design, construction, and testing of a new Knudsen effusion apparatus, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2006, 38, 6, 778-787, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2005.08.013 . [all data]

Ginkel, Kruif, et al., 2001
Ginkel, C.H.D. van; Kruif, C.G. de; Waal, F.E.B. de, The need for temperature control in effusion experiments (and application to heat of sublimation determination), J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 2001, 8, 6, 490-492, https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3735/8/6/018 . [all data]

Zielenkiewicz, Perlovich, et al., 1999
Zielenkiewicz, X.; Perlovich, G.L.; Wszelaka-Rylik, M., Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 1999, 57, 1, 225-234, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010179814511 . [all data]

Elder, 1997
Elder, J.P., Sublimation measurements of pharmaceutical compounds by isothermal thermogravivletry, Journal of Thermal Analysis, 1997, 49, 2, 897-905, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01996775 . [all data]

Da Silva and Monte, 1990
Da Silva, Manuel A.V. Ribeiro; Monte, Manuel J.S., The construction, testing and use of a new knudsen effusion apparatus, Thermochimica Acta, 1990, 171, 169-183, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(90)87017-7 . [all data]

Glukhova, Arkhangelova, et al., 1985
Glukhova, O.T.; Arkhangelova, N.M.; Teplitsky, A.B.; Sukhodub, L.F.; Yanson, I.K.; Kaminski, Miron, The low-temperature quartz resonator method for determination of the enthalpy of sublimation, Thermochimica Acta, 1985, 95, 1, 133-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(85)80041-1 . [all data]

Kaisersberger, Hädrich, et al., 1985
Kaisersberger, E.; Hädrich, W.; Emmerich, W.-D., Measurement of low vapour pressures according to the Knudsen effusion method, Thermochimica Acta, 1985, 95, 2, 331-336, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(85)85294-1 . [all data]

Colomina, Jimenez, et al., 1982
Colomina, M.; Jimenez, P.; Turrion, C., Vapour pressures and enthalpies of sublimation of naphthalene and benzoic acid, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1982, 14, 779-784. [all data]

de Kruif and Blok, 1982
de Kruif, C.G.; Blok, J.G., The vapour pressure of benzoic acid, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1982, 14, 3, 201-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(82)90011-8 . [all data]

Murata, Sakiyama, et al., 1982
Murata, S.; Sakiyama, M.; Seki, S., Construction and testing of a sublimation calorimetric system using a Calvet microcalorimeter, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1982, 14, 8, 707-721, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(82)90167-7 . [all data]

Sachinidis and Hill, 1980
Sachinidis, J.; Hill, J.O., A re-evaluation of the enthalpy of sublimation of some metal acetylacetonate complexes, Thermochimica Acta, 1980, 35, 1, 59-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(80)85021-0 . [all data]

Nowak, Szczepaniak, et al., 1978
Nowak, M.J.; Szczepaniak, K.; Barski, A.; Shugar, D.Z., Z. Naturforsch. C, 1978, 33C, 876. [all data]

DeKruif, van Ginkel, et al., 1975
DeKruif, C.G.; van Ginkel, C.H.D.; Voogd, J., Torsion-effusion vapour pressure measurements of organic compounds, Conf. Int. Thermodyn. Chim. C. R. 4th, 1975, 8, 11-18. [all data]

Arshadi, 1974
Arshadi, Mohammed R., Determination of heats of sublimation of organic compounds by a mass spectrometric--knudsen effusion method, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1974, 70, 0, 1569, https://doi.org/10.1039/f19747001569 . [all data]

de Kruif and Oonk, 1973
de Kruif, C.G.; Oonk, H.A.J., The determination of enthalpies of sublimation by means of thermal conductivity manometers, Chemie Ing. Techn., 1973, 45, 7, 455-461, https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.330450705 . [all data]

Malaspina, 1973
Malaspina, L., Microcalorimetric determination of the enthalpy of sublimation of benzoic acid and anthracene, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 1, 387, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1679817 . [all data]

Colomina, Monzon, et al., 1972
Colomina, M.; Monzon, C.; Turrion, C.; Laynez, J., , Fifth Experimental Thermodynamics Conference, Lancaster, 1972. [all data]

Wiedemann, 1972
Wiedemann, H.G., Applications of thermogravimetry for vapor pressure determination, Thermochim. Acta, 1972, 355-366. [all data]

Ashcroft, 1971
Ashcroft, S.J., The measurement of enthalpies of sublimation by thermogravimetry, Thermochimica Acta, 1971, 2, 6, 512-514, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(71)80021-7 . [all data]

Melia and Merrifield, 1970
Melia, T.P.; Merrifield, R., Vapour pressures of the tris(acetylacetonato) complexes of scandium(III), vanadium(III) and chromium(III), Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 1970, 32, 5, 1489-1493, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1902(70)80636-4 . [all data]

Wiedemann and Waughna, 1970
Wiedemann, A.G.; Waughna, H.P., , Proceedings of the Third Toronto Symposium on Thermal Analysis, Toronto, 1970, 233. [all data]

Mertl, 1968
Mertl, I., Chem. Listy, 1968, 62, 5, 584. [all data]

Davies and Kybett, 1965
Davies, M.; Kybett, B., Sublimation and vaporization heats of long-chain alcohols, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1608. [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H.Z., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1938, 39, 194. [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Hirsbrunner, 1934
Hirsbrunner, H., Uber das gleichgewicht der thermischen dissoziation der salicylsaure, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1934, 17, 477-504. [all data]

Ginnings and Furukawa, 1953, 2
Ginnings, D.C.; Furukawa, G.T., Heat capacity standards for the range 14 to 1200°K, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 522-527. [all data]

Furukawa, McCoskey, et al., 1951, 2
Furukawa, G.T.; McCoskey, R.E.; King, G.J., Calorimetric properties of benzoic acid from 0 to 410K, J. Res., 1951, NBS 47, 256-261. [all data]

Brittain, 2009
Brittain, Harry G., Vibrational Spectroscopic Studies of Cocrystals and Salts. 2. The Benzylamine-Benzoic Acid System, Crystal Growth & Design, 2009, 9, 8, 3497-3503, https://doi.org/10.1021/cg9001972 . [all data]

Sharma, Kant, et al., 2003
Sharma, B.L.; Kant, Rajesh; Sharma, Ritu; Tandon, Sonika, Deviations of binary organic eutectic melt systems, Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2003, 82, 1, 216-224, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(03)00199-8 . [all data]

Sharma, Jamwal, et al., 2004
Sharma, B.L.; Jamwal, R.; Kant, R., Thermodynamic and lamella models relationship for the eutectic system benzoic acid-- cinnamic acid, Cryst. Res. Technol., 2004, 39, 5, 454-464, https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.200310210 . [all data]

Roy, Riga, et al., 2002
Roy, S.; Riga, A.T.; Alexander, K.S., Experimental design aids the development of a differential scanning calorimetry standard test procedure for pharmaceuticals, Thermochimica Acta, 2002, 392-393, 399-404, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00317-9 . [all data]

Pitzer, Peiper, et al., 1984
Pitzer, Kenneth S.; Peiper, J. Christopher; Busey, R.H., Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Sodium Chloride Solutions, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1984, 13, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555709 . [all data]

Pacor, 1967
Pacor, P., Applicability of the DuPont 900 DTA apparatus in quantitative differential thermal analysis, Anal. Chim. Acta, 1967, 37, 200-208. [all data]

Andrews, Lynn, et al., 1926
Andrews, D.H.; Lynn, G.; Johnston, J., The heat capacities and heat of crystallization of some isomeric aromatic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 1274-1287. [all data]

David, 1964
David, D.J., Determination of specific heat and heat of fusion by differential thermal analysis. Study of theory and operating parameters, Anal. Chem., 1964, 36, 2162-2166. [all data]

Andon and Connett, 1980, 2
Andon, R.J.L.; Connett, J.E., Calibrants for thermal analysis. Measurement of their enthalpies of fusion by adiabatic calorimetry, Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 42, 241-247. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_boil	Boiling point
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
ΔH_trs	Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔS_trs	Entropy of phase transition
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_fusS	Entropy of fusion
Δ_subH	Enthalpy of sublimation
Δ_subH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
Δ_subS	Entropy of sublimation
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
Δ_vapS	Entropy of vaporization

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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