Lindane

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-655.1 ± 4.9kcal/molCcbSchwabe, 1953 

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus386.38KN/ASabbah and An, 1991Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Tfus387.17KN/ADonnelly, Drewes, et al., 1990Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Tfus388.9KN/APlato and Glasgow, 1969Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Tfus430.KN/ATimmermans, 1935Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub22.1 ± 0.96kcal/molME,TEGiustini, Brunetti, et al., 1998Based on data from 310. to 384. K.; AC
Δsub21.7 ± 0.2kcal/molCSabbah and An, 1991, 2AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
16.8398.GCHinckley, Bidleman, et al., 1990Based on data from 343. to 453. K.; AC

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
23.4 ± 0.1308.MEBoehncke, Martin, et al., 1996Based on data from 292. to 326. K.; AC
25.5 ± 0.2273.GSWania, Shiu, et al., 1994Based on data from 243. to 303. K.; AC
21.5 ± 0.2338.CSabbah and An, 1991, 2AC
23.7328.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 313. to 363. K. See also Jones, 1960.; AC
21.2303.GSSpencer and Cliath, 1983Based on data from 293. to 313. K. See also Spencer and Cliath, 1970.; AC
24.19303.N/ASpencer and Cliath, 1970Based on data from 293. to 313. K.; AC
21.4328.N/ASchwabe and Legler, 1960Based on data from 313. to 343. K.; AC
27.61333. to 365.TEBalson, 1947AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
6.1974386.38Sabbah and An, 1991, 2DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
280.5500.XN/A 
2200. QN/AValue at T = 288. K.
320. LN/A 

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
State gas
Instrument HP-GC/MS/IRD

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-8478
NIST MS number 229009

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1160.1703.Erdmann, Rochholz, et al., 1992 
CapillaryBP-1200.1751.Japp, Gill, et al., 198725. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, N2
CapillaryBP-1200.1756.Japp, Gill, et al., 198725. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, N2
PackedOV-1200.1735.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1979Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedSE-301728.Osselton and Snelling, 1986N2, Chromosorb W HP; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified
PackedSE-301757.Ramsey, Lee, et al., 1980He, Chromosorb G HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m; Program: not specified

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-11709.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11711.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11711.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 1.3 K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11713.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 1.3 K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11709.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 1.5 K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11711.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 1.5 K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11711.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-11713.de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.10 μm, 160. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillarySP-21001724.20Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 170. C
CapillarySP-21001722.59Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 4. K/min; Tstart: 170. C
CapillarySP-21001728.47Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 6. K/min; Tstart: 170. C
CapillarySP-21001733.90Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 170. C
CapillarySP-21001735.15Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 4. K/min; Tstart: 170. C
CapillarySP-21001737.79Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 6. K/min; Tstart: 170. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB1735.83Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986H2, 4. K/min; Tstart: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1011732.Zenkevich, Eliseenkov, et al., 200925. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 6. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-1011744.Zenkevich, Eliseenkov, et al., 200925. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 6. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-51788.Murayama, Mukai, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 300. C @ 4. min
PackedOV-11775.Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982Gas Chrom P, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 200. C
PackedSE-301720.Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982Gas Chrom P, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane1779.Department of Food Safety and Welfare, 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C(1 min) 25 0C/min -> 125 0C 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (10 min)
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane1775.Department of Food Safety and Welfare, 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C(1 min) 25 0C/min -> 125 0C 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (10 min)
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane1779.Department of Food Safety and Welfare, 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C(1 min) 25 0C/min -> 125 0C 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (10 min)
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.1704.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.1745.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.1757.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-11704.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
OtherMethyl Silicone1745.Ardrey and Moffat, 1981Program: not specified
OtherMethyl Silicone1715.Ardrey and Moffat, 1981Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP5-MS298.Vrana, Paschke, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Schwabe, 1953
Schwabe, K., Zur Thermochemie des Hexachlorzyklohexans, Chem. Tech. (Amsterdam), 1953, 5, 392. [all data]

Sabbah and An, 1991
Sabbah, R.; An, X.W., Enthalpies of fusion and sublimation of γ- hexachlorocyclohexane, Thermochim. Acta, 1991, 178, 339-41. [all data]

Donnelly, Drewes, et al., 1990
Donnelly, J.R.; Drewes, L.A.; Johnson, R.L.; Munslow, W.D.; Knapp, K.K.; Sovocool, G.W., Purity and heat of fusion data for environmental standards as determined by differential scanning calorimetry, Thermochim. Acta, 1990, 167, 2, 155, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(90)80476-F . [all data]

Plato and Glasgow, 1969
Plato, C.; Glasgow, A.R., Jr., Differential scanning calorimetry as a general method for determining the purity and heat of fusion of high-purity organic chemicals. Application to 95 compounds, Anal. Chem., 1969, 41, 2, 330, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60271a041 . [all data]

Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J., Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]

Giustini, Brunetti, et al., 1998
Giustini, Antonio; Brunetti, Bruno; Piacente, Vincenzo, A Sublimation Study of Lindane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1998, 43, 3, 447-450, https://doi.org/10.1021/je970264+ . [all data]

Sabbah and An, 1991, 2
Sabbah, R.; An, X.W., Enthalpies of fusion and sublimation of t-hexachlorocyclohexane, Thermochim. Acta, 1991, 178, 339-341. [all data]

Hinckley, Bidleman, et al., 1990
Hinckley, Daniel A.; Bidleman, Terry F.; Foreman, William T.; Tuschall, Jack R., Determination of vapor pressures for nonpolar and semipolar organic compounds from gas chromatograhic retention data, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1990, 35, 3, 232-237, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00061a003 . [all data]

Boehncke, Martin, et al., 1996
Boehncke, Andrea; Martin, Kerstin; Müller, Matthias G.; Cammenga, Heiko K., The Vapor Pressure of Lindane («947»-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane)A Comparison of Knudsen Effusion Measurements with Data from Other Techniques, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1996, 41, 3, 543-545, https://doi.org/10.1021/je950212p . [all data]

Wania, Shiu, et al., 1994
Wania, Frank; Shiu, Wan-Ying; Mackay, Donald, Measurement of the Vapor Pressure of Several Low-Volatility Organochlorine Chemicals at Low Temperatures with a Gas Saturation Method, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1994, 39, 3, 572-577, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00015a039 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Jones, 1960
Jones, A.H., Sublimation Pressure Data for Organic Compounds., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 2, 196-200, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60006a019 . [all data]

Spencer and Cliath, 1983
Spencer, W.F.; Cliath, M.M., Measurement of pesticide vapor pressures, 1983, 57-71, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5462-16 . [all data]

Spencer and Cliath, 1970
Spencer, William F.; Cliath, Mark M., Vapor density and apparent vapor pressure of lindane (.gamma.BHC), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1970, 18, 3, 529-530, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60169a015 . [all data]

Schwabe and Legler, 1960
Schwabe, K.; Legler, C., Z. Elektrochem., 1960, 64, 902. [all data]

Balson, 1947
Balson, E.W., Studies in vapour pressure measurement, Part III.?An effusion manometer sensitive to 5 «65533» 10?6 millimetres of mercury: vapour pressure of D.D.T. and other slightly volatile substances, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1947, 43, 54, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9474300054 . [all data]

Erdmann, Rochholz, et al., 1992
Erdmann, F.; Rochholz, G.; Schütz, H., Retention-indices on OV-1 of approximately 170 commonly used pesticides, Mikrochim. Acta, 1992, 106, 3-6, 219-226, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01242093 . [all data]

Japp, Gill, et al., 1987
Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 1987, 32, 6, 1574-1586. [all data]

Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1979
Dubsky, H.; Hána, K.; Komárková, M.; Rittich, B., Stanoveni residui chlórovanych pesticidu plynovou chromatografii, Vet. Med. (Prague), 1979, 24, 3, 493-498. [all data]

Osselton and Snelling, 1986
Osselton, M.D.; Snelling, R.D., Chromatographic Identification of Pesticides, J. Chromatogr., 1986, 368, 265-271, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)91068-9 . [all data]

Ramsey, Lee, et al., 1980
Ramsey, J.D.; Lee, T.D.; Osselton, M.D.; Moffat, A.C., Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 296 non-drug substances on SE-30 or OV-1 likely to be encountered in toxicological analyses, J. Chromatogr., 1980, 184, 2, 185-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)85641-1 . [all data]

de Paoli, Taccheo-Barbina, et al., 1991
de Paoli, M.; Taccheo-Barbina, M.; Bontempelli, G., Gas chromatographic system for the identification of halogenated pesticides by retention indices using n-alkanes as standards, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 547, 355-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88659-3 . [all data]

Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986
Podmaniczky, L.; Szepesy, L.; Lakszner, K.; Schomburg, G., Determination of Retention Indices in LPTGC, Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 7, 387-391, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02346137 . [all data]

Zenkevich, Eliseenkov, et al., 2009
Zenkevich, I.G.; Eliseenkov, E.V.; Kasatochkin, A.N., Chromatographic Identification of Cyclohexane Chlorination Products by an Additive Scheme for the Prediction of Retention Indices, Chromatographia, 2009, 70, 5/6, 839-849, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-009-1213-x . [all data]

Murayama, Mukai, et al., 2000
Murayama, H.; Mukai, H.; Mitobe, H.; Moriyama, N., Simple method for determining trace pesticides in air using extraction disks, Anal. Sci., 2000, 16, 3, 257-263, retrieved from http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.;p/jsac/analsci/pdfs/a160257.pdf, https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.16.257 . [all data]

Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982
Marozzi, E.; Gambaro, V.; Saligari, E.; Mariani, R.; Lodi, F., Use of the retention index in gas chromatographic studies of drugs, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1982, 6, 4, 185-192, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/6.4.185 . [all data]

Department of Food Safety and Welfare, 2006
Department of Food Safety, Ministry of Health; Welfare, Analytical methods for residual compositional substances of agricultural chemicals, feed aadditives, and veterinary drugs in foods, 2006, retrieved from http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/foodsafety/positivelist060228/de/060526-1a.pdf. [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Ardrey and Moffat, 1981
Ardrey, R.E.; Moffat, A.C., Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 1318 substances of toxicological interest on SE-30 or OV-1 stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 1981, 220, 3, 195-252, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81925-1 . [all data]

Vrana, Paschke, et al., 2005
Vrana, B.; Paschke, H.; Paschke, A.; Popp, P.; Schuurmann, G., Performance of semipermeable membrane devices for sampling of organic contaminants in groun water, J. Envirom. Monit., 2005, 7, 5, 500-508, https://doi.org/10.1039/b411645c . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References