Hexadecane

• Formula: C₁₆H₃₄
• Molecular weight: 226.4412
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C16H34/c1-3-5-7-9-11-13-15-16-14-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-16H2,1-2H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 544-76-3
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: n-Cetane; n-Hexadecane; Cetane
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of sublimation

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Fraser and Prosen, 1955
Fraser, F.M.; Prosen, E.J., Heats of combustion of liquid n-hexadecane, 1-hexadecene, n-decylbenzene, n-decylcyclohexane, n-decylcyclopentane, and the variation of heat of combustion with chain length, J. Res. NBS, 1955, 55, 329-333. [all data]

Richardson and Parks, 1939
Richardson, J.W.; Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds. XIX. Modern combustion data for some non-volatile compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 3543-3546. [all data]

Stull D.R., 1969
Stull D.R., Jr., The Chemical Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds. Wiley, New York, 1969. [all data]

Finke H.L., 1954
Finke H.L., Low-temperature thermal data for the nine normal paraffin hydrocarbons from octane to hexadecane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1954, 76, 333-341. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Richardson, 1939
Richardson, J.W., Precise determination of the heats of combustion of some representative organic compounds, Ph.D. Thesis for Standford University, 1939, 1-122. [all data]

Finke, Gross, et al., 1954
Finke, H.L.; Gross, M.E.; Waddington, G.; Huffman, H.M., Low-temperature thermal data for the nine normal paraffin hydrocarbons from octane to hexadecane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1954, 76, 333-341. [all data]

Parks, Moore, et al., 1949
Parks, G.S.; Moore, G.E.; Renquist, M.L.; Naylor, B.F.; McClaine, L.A.; Fujii, P.S.; Hatton, J.A., Thermal data on organic compounds. XXV. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for nine hydrocarbons of high molecular weight, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 3386-3389. [all data]

Banipal, Garg, et al., 1991
Banipal, T.S.; Garg, S.K.; Ahluwalia, J.C., Heat capacities and densities of liquid n-octane, n-nonane, n-decane, and n-hexadecane at temperatures from 318.15 to 373.15 K and at pressures up to 10 MPa, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1991, 23, 923-931. [all data]

Trejo, Costas, et al., 1991
Trejo, L.M.; Costas, M.; Patterson, D., Excess heat capacity of organic mixtures, Internat. DATA Series, Selected Data Mixt., 1991, Ser. [all data]

Lainez, Rodrigo, et al., 1989
Lainez, A.; Rodrigo, M.M.; Wilhelm, E.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Excess volumes and excess heaat capacitiies of some mixtures with trans,trans,cis-1,5,9-cyclododecatriene at 298.15K, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1989, 34, 332-335. [all data]

Andreoli-Ball, Patterson, et al., 1988
Andreoli-Ball, L.; Patterson, D.; Costas, M.; Caceres-Alonso, M., Heat capacity and corresponding states in alkan-1-ol-n-alkane systems, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1988, 84(11), 3991-4012. [all data]

Costas, Huu, et al., 1988
Costas, M.; Huu, V.T.; Patterson, D.; Caceres-Alonso, M.; Tardajos, G.; Aicart, E., Liquid structure and second-order mixing functions for l-chloronaphthalene with linear and branched alkanes, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1988, 1 84(5), 1603-1616. [all data]

Perez-Casas, Aicart, et al., 1988
Perez-Casas, S.; Aicart, E.; Trojo, L.M.; Costas, M., Excess heat capacity. Chlorobenzene-2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethylnonane, Int. Data Ser., Sel. Data Mixtures, 1988, (2)A, 123. [all data]

Tardajos, Aicart, et al., 1986
Tardajos, G.; Aicart, E.; Costas, M.; Patterson, D., Liquid structure and second-order mixing functions for benzene, toluene, and p-xylene with n-alkanes, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1986, 1 82, 2977-2987. [all data]

Wilhelm, Lainez, et al., 1986
Wilhelm, E.; Lainez, A.; Roux, A.H.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Excess-molar volumes and heat capacities of (1,2,4-trichlorobenzene + an n-alkane) and (1-chloronaphthalene + an n-alkane), Thermochim. Acta, 1986, 105, 101-110. [all data]

Lainez, Roux-Desgranges, et al., 1985
Lainez, A.; Roux-Desgranges, G.; Grolier, J.-P.E.; Wilhelm, E., Mixtures of alkanes with polar molecules showing integral rotation: an unusual composition dependence of CpE of 1,2-dichloroethane + an n-alkane, Fluid Phase Equilib., 1985, 20, 47-56. [all data]

Zaripov, 1982
Zaripov, Z.I., Experimental study of the isobaric heat capacity of liquid organic compounds with molecular weights of up to 4000 a.e.m., 1982, Teplomassoobmen Teplofiz. [all data]

Grolier, Inglese, et al., 1981
Grolier, J.P.E.; Inglese, A.; Roux, A.H.; Wilhelm, E., Thermodynamics of (1-chloronaphthalene + n-alkane): excess enthalpies, excess volumes and excess heat capacities, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 1981, 85, 768-772. [all data]

Diaz pena and Renuncio, 1974
Diaz pena, M.D.; Renuncio, J.A.R., Construccion de un calorimetro adiabatico. Capacidad calorifica de mezclas n-hexano + n-hexadecano, An. Quim., 1974, 70, 113-120. [all data]

Petit and TerMinassian, 1974
Petit, J.C.; TerMinassian, L., Measurements of (dV/dT)p, (dV/dP)T, and (dH/dT)p by flux calorimetry, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1974, 6, 1139-1152. [all data]

Kalinowska and Woycicka, 1973
Kalinowska, B.; Woycicka, M., Excess heat capacities of dilute solutions of n-hexanol in n-alkanes, Bull. Aca. Pol. Sci. (Ser. Sci. Chim.), 1973, 21(11), 845-848. [all data]

Gollis, Belenyessy, et al., 1962
Gollis, M.H.; Belenyessy, L.I.; Gudzinowicz, B.J.; Koch, S.D.; Smith, J.O.; Wineman, R.J., Evaluations of pure hydrocarbons as Jet Fuels, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1962, 7, 311-316. [all data]

Ambrose and Tsonopoulos, 1995
Ambrose, D.; Tsonopoulos, C., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 2. Normal Alkenes, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 531-546. [all data]

Rosenthal and Teja, 1989
Rosenthal, D.J.; Teja, A.S., The Critical Properties of n-Alkanes Using a Low-Residence Time Flow Apparatus, AIChE J., 1989, 35, 1829. [all data]

Anselme, Gude, et al., 1990
Anselme, M.J.; Gude, M.; Teja, A.S., The Critical Temperatures and Densities of the n-Alkanes from Pentane to Octadecane, Fluid Phase Equilib., 1990, 57, 317-26. [all data]

Morawetz, 1972
Morawetz, Ernst, Correlation of sublimation enthalpies at 298.15 K with molecular structure for planar aromatic hydrocarbons, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1972, 4, 3, 461-467, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(72)90030-4 . [all data]

Morgan and Kobayashi, 1994
Morgan, David L.; Kobayashi, Riki, Direct vapor pressure measurements of ten n-alkanes m the 10-C28 range, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1994, 97, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(94)85017-8 . [all data]

Lee, Dempsey, et al., 1992
Lee, Chang Ha; Dempsey, Dennis M.; Mohamed, Rahoma S.; Holder, Gerald D., Vapor-liquid equilibria in the systems of n-decane/tetralin, n-hexadecane/tetralin, n-decane/1-methylnaphthalene, and 1-methylnaphthalene/tetralin, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1992, 37, 2, 183-186, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00006a012 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Camin, Forziati, et al., 1954
Camin, David L.; Forziati, Alphonse F.; Rossini, Frederick D., Physical Properties of n-Hexadecane, n-Decylcyclopentane, n-Decylcyclohexane, 1-Hexadecene and n-Decylbenzene, J. Phys. Chem., 1954, 58, 5, 440-442, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150515a015 . [all data]

Nováková and Novák, 1977
Nováková, N.; Novák, J., Measurement of heats of vaporization by means of a gas chromatograph, Journal of Chromatography A, 1977, 135, 1, 13-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86297-4 . [all data]

Bradley and Shellard, 1949
Bradley, R.S.; Shellard, A.D., The theory of molecular distillation and its experimental verification, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1949, 45, 501, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9494500501 . [all data]

Parks and Moore, 1949
Parks, George S.; Moore, George E., Vapor Pressure and Other Thermodynamic Data for n-Hexadecane and n-Dodecylcyclohexane near Room Temperature, J. Chem. Phys., 1949, 17, 11, 1151, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1747130 . [all data]

Ubbelohde, 1938
Ubbelohde, A.R., Structure and thermodynamic properties of long-chain compounds, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1938, 34, 282, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9383400282 . [all data]

Bondi, 1963
Bondi, A., Heat of Siblimation of Molecular Crystals: A Catalog of Molecular Structure Increments., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1963, 8, 3, 371-381, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60018a027 . [all data]

Bradley and Shellard, 1949, 2
Bradley, R.S.; Shellard, A.D., The rate of evaporation of droplets. III. Vapour pressures and rates of evaporation of straight-chain paraffin hydrocarbons, Proc. Roy. Soc. London A, 1949, 198, 239-251. [all data]

Claudy and Letoffe, 1991
Claudy, P.; Letoffe, J.M., Phase transitions in even n-alkanes CnH2n+2, n = 16-28. Characterization by differential calorimetric analysis and by thermooptical analysis. Effect of deuteration, Calorim. Anal. Therm., 1991, 22, 281-290. [all data]

Mondieig, Rajabalee, et al., 2004
Mondieig, D.; Rajabalee, F.; Metivaud, V.; Oonk, H.A.J.; Cuevas-Diarte, M.A., n -Alkane Binary Molecular Alloys, Chem. Mater., 2004, 16, 5, 786-798, https://doi.org/10.1021/cm031169p . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002
Chen, P.H.; Keeran, W.S.; Van Ausdale, W.A.; Schindler, D.R.; Roberts, D.W., Application of Lee retention indices to the confirmation of tentatively identified compounds from GC/MS analysis of environmental samples, Technical paper, Analytical Services Division, Environmental ScienceEngineering, Inc, PO Box 1703, Gainesville, FL 32602, 2002, 11. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  Pc	Critical pressure
  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  Vc	Critical volume
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation
  ΔsubH°	Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ρc	Critical density

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