β-D-Glucopyranose, 4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-
- Formula: C12H22O11
- Molecular weight: 342.2965
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10+,11-,12-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-OXMKDSILSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 5965-66-2
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
View 3d structure (requires JavaScript / HTML 5) - Stereoisomers:
- Other names: Lactose, β-; β-Lactose; 4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranose; beta-Lactose; β-D-Lactose; Lactopress
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°solid | -2236.7 ± 0.71 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Clarke and Stegeman, 1939 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -2235.8 kJ/mol; ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔcH°solid | -5629.45 ± 0.50 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Clarke and Stegeman, 1939 | Corresponding ΔfHºsolid = -2236.8 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| S°solid,1 bar | 386.2 | J/mol*K | N/A | Anderson and Stegeman, 1941 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 94.6 J/mol*K.; DH |
| S°solid,1 bar | 403.3 | J/mol*K | N/A | Furtsch and Stegeman, 1936 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 26.00 cal/mol*K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
| Cp,solid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 399.78 | 289.44 | Anderson and Stegeman, 1941 | T = 65 to 290 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
| 408.27 | 298.44 | Furtsch and Stegeman, 1936 | T = 83 to 298 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
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By formula: C12H22O11 + H2O = C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 0.44 ± 0.11 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Goldberg and Tewari, 1989 | liquid phase; solvent: Aqueous; HPLC |
References
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Clarke and Stegeman, 1939
Clarke, T.H.; Stegeman, G.,
Heats of combustion of some mono- and disaccharides,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 1726-1730. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Anderson and Stegeman, 1941
Anderson, A.G.; Stegeman, G.,
The heat capacities and entropies of three disacchardes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1941, 63, 2119-2121. [all data]
Furtsch and Stegeman, 1936
Furtsch, E.F.; Stegeman, G.,
The heat capacity and entropy of b-lactose,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 881-882. [all data]
Goldberg and Tewari, 1989
Goldberg, R.N.; Tewari, Y.B.,
A calorimetric and equilibrium investigatino of the hydrolysis of lactose,
J. Biol. Chem., 1989, 264, 9897-9900. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid S°solid,1 bar Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar) ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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