Glycerin

• Formula: C₃H₈O₃
• Molecular weight: 92.0938
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 56-81-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Glycerol; Glycerine; Glyceritol; Glycyl alcohol; Glyrol; Glysanin; Osmoglyn; Propanetriol; Trihydroxypropane; Synthetic glycerin; 90 Technical glycerin; Dagralax; Glycerin, anhydrous; Glycerin, synthetic; Ophthalgan; Synthetic glycerine; Vitrosupos; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane; 90 Technical glycerine; Clyzerin, wasserfrei; Grocolene; MOON; Star; Optim; Bulbold; Cristal; Emery 912; Incorporation factor; Pricerine 9091; Propane-1,2,3-triol; Emery 916; IFP; NSC 9230; Auralgan (Salt/Mix); Collyrium Fresh-Eye Drops (Salt/Mix)
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
• Data at other public NIST sites:
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₃H₈O₃ + HNO₃ = C₃H₇NO₅ + H₂O

C₃H₉O₃⁺ +  = (C₃H₉O₃⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉O₃⁺ + C₃H₈O₃ = (C₃H₉O₃⁺ • C₃H₈O₃)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Free energy of reaction

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₃H₈O₃ + HNO₃ = C₃H₇NO₅ + H₂O

 + 3 =  + 3

By formula: C₃H₈O₃ + 3HNO₃ = C₃H₅N₃O₉ + 3H₂O

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)

Proton affinity at 298K

Gas basicity at 298K

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C₃H₉O₃⁺ +  = (C₃H₉O₃⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉O₃⁺ + C₃H₈O₃ = (C₃H₉O₃⁺ • C₃H₈O₃)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Free energy of reaction

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988
Bastos, M.; Nilsson, S-O.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.D.M.C.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.A.V.; Wadso, I., Thermodynamic properties of glycerol enthalpies of combustion and vaporization and the heat capacity at 298.15 K. Enthalpies of solution in water at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 1353-1359. [all data]

Parks, West, et al., 1946
Parks, G.S.; West, T.J.; Naylor, B.F.; Fujii, P.S.; McClaine, L.A., Thermal data on organic compounds. XXIII. Modern combustion data for fourteen hydrocarbons and five polyhydroxy alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2524-2527. [all data]

Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990
Kazakov, A.I.; Kirpichev, E.P.; Lagodzinskaya, G.V.; Andrienko, L.P.; Yunda, N.G.; Korolev, A.M.; Rubstov, Yu.I.; Manelis, G.B.; Eremenko, L.T., Study of nitration equilibrium in the glycerin-aqueous nitric acid system. 2. Changes in ΔH and ΔS in the nitration reaction, Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci., 1990, 1565-1570. [all data]

Tsvetkov, Sopin, et al., 1986
Tsvetkov, V.G.; Sopin, V.P.; Tsvetkova, L.Ya.; Marchenko, G.N., Enthalpy of reaction of nitric acid with some organic compounds, J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1986, 56, 471-474. [all data]

Sunner, Kulatunga, et al., 1986
Sunner, J.A.; Kulatunga, R.; Kebarle, P., Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry and Gas Phase Basicities, Anal. Chem., 1986, 58, 7, 1312, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00298a010 . [all data]

Kazakov, Lagodzinskaya, et al., 1989
Kazakov, A.I.; Lagodzinskaya, E.P.; Kirpichev, E.P.; Andrienko, L.P.; Yunda, N.G.; Korolev, A.M.; Robtsov, Yu.I.; Manelis, G.V.; Eremenko, L.T., Thermodynamics of nitration of glycerol, Dokl. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1989, 305, 287-291. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003
Bouchoux, G.; Buisson, D.A.; Bourcier, S.; Sablier, M., Application of the kinetic method to bifunctional bases. ESI tandem quadrupole experiments, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2003, 228, 1035. [all data]

Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007
Pozo-Bayon M.A.; Ruiz-Rodriguez A.; Pernin K.; Cayot N., Influence of eggs on the aroma composition of a sponge cake and on the aroma release in model studies on flavored sponge cakes, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 4, 1418-1426, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf062203y . [all data]

Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995
Shimoda, M.; Shigematsu, H.; Shiratsuchi, H.; Osajima, Y., Comparison of the odor concentrates by SDE and adsorptive column method from green tea infusion, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 6, 1616-1620, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00054a037 . [all data]

Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003
Miyazawa, M.; Okuno, Y., Volatile components from the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 398-400, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1232 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  T	Temperature
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

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