Phenol
- Formula: C6H6O
- Molecular weight: 94.1112
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 108-95-2
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Carbolic acid; Baker's P and S Liquid and Ointment; Benzenol; Hydroxybenzene; Izal; Monohydroxybenzene; Monophenol; Oxybenzene; Phenic acid; Phenyl alcohol; Phenyl hydrate; Phenyl hydroxide; Phenylic acid; Phenylic alcohol; PhOH; Benzene, hydroxy-; Acide carbolique; Baker's P & S liquid & Ointment; Fenol; Fenolo; NCI-C50124; Paoscle; Phenole; Carbolsaure; NA 2821; Phenol alcohol; Phenol, molten; Rcra waste number U188; UN 1671; UN 2312; UN 2821; Phenic alcohol; NSC 36808; Campho-Phenique Cold Sore Gel (Salt/Mix); Campho-Phenique Gel (Salt/Mix); Campho-Phenique Liquid (Salt/Mix)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -96.36 ± 0.59 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Cox, 1961 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -96.44 ± 0.63 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Andon, Biddiscombe, et al., 1960 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -94.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Parks, Manchester, et al., 1954 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of -162.8±1.0 kj/mol from Parks, Manchester, et al., 1954 and ΔsubH° value of 68.6 kj/mol from Cox, 1961.; DRB |
ΔfH°gas | -95.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Badoche, 1941 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of -163.9 kj/mol from Badoche, 1941 and ΔsubH° value of 68.6 kj/mol from Cox, 1961.; DRB |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
33.91 | 50. | Kudchadker S.A., 1978 | Recommended S(T) and Cp(T) values are in close agreement with statistical values calculated by [ Evans J.C., 1960, Green J.H.S., 1961]. Entropy value calculated by [ Sarin V.N., 1973] agrees well with the third-law entropy at 298.15 K but not at 400 K. Statistical values calculated by [ Ramaswamy V., 1970] seem to be erroneous.; GT |
41.38 | 100. | ||
54.19 | 150. | ||
69.65 | 200. | ||
94.61 | 273.15 | ||
103.22 | 298.15 | ||
103.86 | 300. | ||
135.79 | 400. | ||
161.91 | 500. | ||
182.48 | 600. | ||
198.84 | 700. | ||
212.14 | 800. | ||
223.19 | 900. | ||
232.49 | 1000. | ||
240.41 | 1100. | ||
247.20 | 1200. | ||
253.06 | 1300. | ||
258.12 | 1400. | ||
262.52 | 1500. |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: C6H5O- + H+ = C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1462. ± 10. | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 out of 7 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1432. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; Shiner, Vorner, et al., 1986: tautomer acidities ΔHacid(ortho) = 343.9±3.1 kcal, para = 340.1±2 kcal. However, Capponi, Gut, et al., 1999 based on aq. soln. results, imply 18 and 14 kcal/mol difference.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
ΔrG° | 1426. ± 7.9 | kJ/mol | CIDC | Angel and Ervin, 2004 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 1437. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Cumming and Kebarle, 1978 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | >1429. ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | H-TS | Richardson, Stephenson, et al., 1975 | gas phase; B |
By formula: Cl- + C6H6O = (Cl- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 109. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; B,M |
ΔrH° | 109. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDEq | Cummings, French, et al., 1977 | gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B |
ΔrH° | 115. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 111. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
ΔrH° | 81.2 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971 | gas phase; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 109. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
ΔrS° | 64.9 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 80.3 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 77.4 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDEq | Cummings, French, et al., 1977 | gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B |
ΔrG° | 61.9 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971 | gas phase; B |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
66.5 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: F- + C6H6O = (F- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 173. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; switching reaction(F-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 140. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M |
By formula: Br- + C6H6O = (Br- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 87.0 ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B,M |
ΔrH° | 82.0 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 84. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
ΔrS° | 96. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 46.4 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
46.4 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
46.4 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: I- + C6H6O = (I- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 72.4 ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 88. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 35. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
35. | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: C2H3O2- + C6H6O = (C2H3O2- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 109. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 79.1 ± 6.7 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; B |
By formula: Na+ + C6H6O = (Na+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 102. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
ΔrH° | 98. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Armentrout and Rodgers, 2000 | RCD |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
69.9 | 298. | IMRE | McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000 | Anchor alanine=39.89; RCD |
By formula: C6H6O + C12H18O = C9H12O + C9H12O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -0.7 ± 1.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
ΔrH° | -0.7 ± 1.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pilyshchikov, et al., 1983 | liquid phase; GC; ALS |
C22H20O2Ti (cr) + 2( • 5.55) (solution) = 2 (cr) + (cr)
By formula: C22H20O2Ti (cr) + 2(HCl • 5.55H2O) (solution) = 2C6H6O (cr) + C10H10Cl2Ti (cr)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -5.8 ± 2.5 | kJ/mol | RSC | Dias, Salema, et al., 1981 | Please also see Calhorda, Carrondo, et al., 1986.; MS |
(solution) + C5H11BrMg (solution) = C6H5BrMgO (solution) + (solution)
By formula: C6H6O (solution) + C5H11BrMg (solution) = C6H5BrMgO (solution) + C5H12 (solution)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -202.5 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | RSC | Holm, 1983 | solvent: Diethyl ether; MS |
C20H32Zr (solution) + (solution) = C26H36OZr (solution) + (g)
By formula: C20H32Zr (solution) + C6H6O (solution) = C26H36OZr (solution) + H2 (g)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -132.6 ± 1.7 | kJ/mol | RSC | Schock and Marks, 1988 | solvent: Toluene; MS |
C26H36OZr (solution) + (solution) = C32H40O2Zr (solution) + (g)
By formula: C26H36OZr (solution) + C6H6O (solution) = C32H40O2Zr (solution) + H2 (g)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -86.6 ± 2.9 | kJ/mol | RSC | Schock and Marks, 1988 | solvent: Toluene; MS |
By formula: C8H8O2 + H2O = C6H6O + C2H4O2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -28.7 ± 0.2 | kJ/mol | Cm | Wadso, 1960 | liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -2.6 ± 1.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
+ C18H30O = +
By formula: C6H6O + C18H30O = C14H22O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -1.7 ± 1.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -3.2 ± 1.9 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = 2C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -1.3 ± 2.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
C6H5NaO (cr) + ( • 552) (solution) = (cr) + (cr)
By formula: C6H5NaO (cr) + (HCl • 552H2O) (solution) = C6H6O (cr) + ClNa (cr)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -78.0 ± 5.7 | kJ/mol | RSC | Leal, Pires de Matos, et al., 1991 | MS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 0.08 ± 0.71 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -0. ± 4. | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: (Li+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Li+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 115. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (Na+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Na+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 82. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (Cs+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Cs+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 61. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (Rb+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Rb+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 64. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (K+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (K+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 68. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
(cr) + C10H11ClZr (cr) = C16H15ClOZr (cr) + (g)
By formula: C6H6O (cr) + C10H11ClZr (cr) = C16H15ClOZr (cr) + H2 (g)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -77.7 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | RSC | Diogo, Simoni, et al., 1993 | MS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = 2C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -12.8 ± 0.54 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 0.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
C6H5NaO (cr) + (l) = (cr) + (cr)
By formula: C6H5NaO (cr) + H2O (l) = C6H6O (cr) + HNaO (cr)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 21.4 ± 3.6 | kJ/mol | RSC | Leal, Pires de Matos, et al., 1991 | MS |
By formula: Li+ + C6H6O = (Li+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 178. ± 17. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: Cs+ + C6H6O = (Cs+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 66. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: Rb+ + C6H6O = (Rb+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 69. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: K+ + C6H6O = (K+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 74. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: C10H14O = C4H8 + C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 77.8 | kJ/mol | Cm | Kukui, Potolovskii, et al., 1973 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C10H14O = C4H8 + C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 82.8 | kJ/mol | Cm | Kukui, Potolovskii, et al., 1973 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C10H14O = C6H6O + C4H8
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 71.0 ± 2.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Verevkin, 1982 | gas phase; ALS |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1994 |
NIST MS number | 133909 |
UV/Visible spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
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Download spectrum in JCAMP-DX format.
Source | Martynoff, 1949 |
---|---|
Owner | INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
Origin | INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS |
Source reference | RAS UV No. 5027 |
Instrument | n.i.g. |
Melting point | 40.9 |
Boiling point | 181.8 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SE-30 | 100. | 950. | Berezkin, Popova, et al., 1997 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He |
Capillary | OV-1 | 150. | 950. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 150. | 950. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 150. | 950. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 160. | 974. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
Packed | OV-101 | 100. | 950.2 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
Packed | OV-101 | 110. | 950.7 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
Packed | OV-101 | 80. | 944.7 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
Packed | OV-101 | 90. | 945.2 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
Packed | OV-101 | 120. | 952.5 | Hassani and Meklati, 1992 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 943. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 944. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 100. | 952. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 100. | 954. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 160. | 929. | Evans and Haken, 1989 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 160. | 964. | Evans and Haken, 1989 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | PS-255 | 150. | 952. | Engewald, Billing, et al., 1988 | 50. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 180. | 953. | Shakirov, Tsypysheva, et al., 1988 | Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 160. | 964. | Korhonen and Knuutinen, 1984 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 180. | 924. | Korhonen and Knuutinen, 1984 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 140. | 943. | Korhonen, 1984 | |
Capillary | SE-30 | 160. | 929. | Korhonen, 1984 | |
Capillary | SE-30 | 180. | 932. | Korhonen, 1984 | |
Packed | SE-30 | 150. | 965. | Tiess, 1984 | Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | SE-30 | 100. | 926. | Winskowski, 1983 | Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | OV-101 | 130. | 951. | Zygmunt, Wardencki, et al., 1983 | Ar, Gas-Chrom Q; Column length: 1.5 m |
Packed | OV-101 | 130. | 954. | Zygmunt, Wardencki, et al., 1983 | Ar, Gas-Chrom Q; Column length: 1.5 m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 180. | 955. | Vernon and Edwards, 1975 | N2, Celite; Column length: 1. m |
Capillary | Apiezon L | 120. | 966. | Agr, Tesaric, et al., 1973 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 120. | 942. | Agr, Tesaric, et al., 1973 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 933. | Agr, Tesaric, et al., 1973 | |
Packed | SE-30 | 204. | 950. | Mitchell and Vernon, 1972 | |
Packed | Apiezon L | 204. | 960. | Mitchell and Vernon, 1972 | |
Packed | SE-52 | 204. | 961. | Mitchell and Vernon, 1972 | |
Packed | SE-30 | 150. | 964. | Tibor and Anna, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W-AW; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | SE-30 | 170. | 973. | Tibor and Anna, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W-AW; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 100. | 923. | Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968 | N2, DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.3 m |
Packed | DC-200 | 120. | 950. | Reymond, Mueggler-Chavan, et al., 1966 | Celite; Column length: 4. m |
Packed | SE-30 | 180. | 970. | Viani, Müggler-Chavan, et al., 1965 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SE-30 | 967. | Medvedovskaya, Tikhomirova, et al., 1997 | 7. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 320. C |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | FFAP | 160. | 2000. | Evans and Haken, 1989 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm |
Capillary | FFAP | 160. | 2000. | Korhonen, 1984 | |
Capillary | FFAP | 180. | 1971. | Korhonen, 1984 | |
Capillary | FFAP | 200. | 1957. | Korhonen, 1984 | |
Packed | PEG-20M | 200. | 1947.0 | Still and Whitehead, 1977 | N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-20M | 200. | 1947.0 | Still and Whitehead, 1977 | N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 200. | 2030. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-20M | 170. | 2037. | Tibor and Anna, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W-AW; Column length: 2. m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | RTX-5 | 981.4 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | CP-Sil 8CB-MS | 992. | Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 981. | Lalel, Singh, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 310. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 959.6 | Sun and Stremple, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 325. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 978.8 | Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 956. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 961. | Kim, 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | SPB-Sulfur | 954.1 | de Lacy Costello, Evans, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, 40. C @ 12.5 min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | SE-54 | 978.16 | Yin, Xiu, et al., 2001 | 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm |
Capillary | SE-54 | 979.62 | Yin, Xiu, et al., 2001 | 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 977. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 955.0 | Helmig, Klinger, et al., 1999 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, -50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 175. C |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 977. | Verdier-Metz., Coulon, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 954. | DeMilo, Lee, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.248 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 959. | DeMilo, Lee, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.248 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | OV-1 | 958.5 | Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996 | 8. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 954.9 | Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: -50. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 979.9 | Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.33 mm/0.25 μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: -50. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 959. | Coen, Engel, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 150. C; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 957. | Coen, Engel, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 150. C; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 975. | Gerbino and Castello, 1995 | 30. m/0.235 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 50. C @ 0. min, 10. K/min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 978. | Gerbino and Castello, 1995 | 30. m/0.235 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 50. C @ 0. min, 5. K/min |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 959. | Lee, DeMilo, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 947.6 | Ferchichi and Messadi, 1994 | 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 965.4 | Ferchichi and Messadi, 1994 | 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 952. | Kaiser and Siegl, 1994 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, -50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 969. | Wu, Kuo, et al., 1991 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | SE-54 | 980.8 | Shapi and Hesso, 1990 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | SE-54 | 980.8 | Shapi and Hesso, 1990 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-1 | 983. | Tang, Zhang, et al., 1990 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | RSL-150 | 962. | Sagrero-Nieves, de Pooter, et al., 1989 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1.2 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | BP-1 | 966. | Tan, Wilkins, et al., 1989 | H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 75. min; Column length: 12. m |
Packed | SE-30 | 962. | Peng, Ding, et al., 1988 | He, Supelcoport and Chromosorb, 40. C @ 4. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
Capillary | DB-5 | 998. | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Packed | SE-30 | 962. | Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984 | He, Chromosorb AW, 40. C @ 10. min, 10. K/min, 210. C @ 30. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
Capillary | SE-30 | 942. | Korhonen and Knuutinen, 1984 | N2, 10. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 933. | Korhonen and Knuutinen, 1984 | N2, 14. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 933. | Korhonen and Knuutinen, 1984 | N2, 6. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 945. | Korhonen, 1984 | 10. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 944. | Korhonen, 1984 | 2. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 946. | Korhonen, 1984 | 6. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5MS | 992. | Varlet, Serot, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 70C => 5C/min => 85C(1min) => 3C/min => 165C => 10C/min => 280C(3min) |
Capillary | VF-5MS | 1004.1 | Mjøs, Meier, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 30C/min => 100C => 1C/min => |
Capillary | VF-5MS | 995.5 | Mjøs, Meier, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 30C/min => 100C => 2C/min => |
Capillary | VF-5MS | 986.8 | Mjøs, Meier, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 30C/min => 100C => 4C/min => |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 992. | Varlet V., Knockaert C., et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 80C(1min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 280C (4min) |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 992. | Varlet V., Knockaert C., et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 80C(1min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 280C (4min) |
Capillary | DB-1 | 955. | Place, Imhof, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 10C/min => 45C (5min) => 5C/min => 250C (10min) |
Capillary | DB-1 | 953. | Whetstine, Parker, et al., 2003 | 3. m/0.32 mm/0.3 μm, He; Program: -20C(6min) => 8C/min =60C => 6C/min => 220C(5min) |
Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 980. | Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min) |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 962. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Program: not specified |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-FFAP | 2008. | Jarunrattanasri, Theerakulkait, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2008. | Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1992. | Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1962. | Chung, Fung, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 195. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | Stabilwax | 2019. | Cros, Lignot, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | Innowax | 2028. | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | OV-351 | 1956. | Bonvehi and Coll, 2003 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1987. | Chyau, Ko, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Stabilwax | 2019. | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2014. | Chung, Yung, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2032. | Adamiec, Rossner, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2032. | Adamiec, Rossner, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2014. | Chung, Yung, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2004. | Kim, 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2006. | Shimoda, Yoshimura, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1987. | Wirth, Guo, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2000. | Bureau, Baumes, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2015. | Chung, 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min; Tstart: 35. C |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 2000. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 2000. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 2 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 2000. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 2 | 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2015. | Chung, 1999 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2015. | Chung, 1999, 2 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1956. | Ollé, Baumes, et al., 1998 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2010. | Coen, Engel, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2023.76 | Gerbino and Castello, 1995 | 30. m/0.235 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 10. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2018.23 | Gerbino and Castello, 1995 | 30. m/0.235 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2024.04 | Gerbino and Castello, 1995 | 30. m/0.235 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 10. K/min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2015.92 | Gerbino and Castello, 1995 | 30. m/0.235 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2004. | Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2015. | Sumitani, Suekane, et al., 1994 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2008. | Chung and Cadwallader, 1993 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1996. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 1992 | He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1965. | Humpf and Schreier, 1991 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1978. | Krammer, Winterhalter, et al., 1991 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | CP-Wax 58CB | 1977. | Pabst, Barron, et al., 1991 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.22 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1965. | Suárez, Duque, et al., 1991 | 30. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1973. | Suárez, Duque, et al., 1991 | 30. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1965. | Suárez, Duque, et al., 1991 | 30. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1973. | Suárez, Duque, et al., 1991 | 30. m/0.259 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1973. | Frohlich and Schreier, 1990 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1975. | Schwab, Mahr, et al., 1989 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2012. | Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2014. | Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | CP-WAX 57CB | 1997. | Baltes and Mevissen, 1988 | He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; Tend: 210. C |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 1984.5 | Wang and Sun, 1987 | 25. m/0.26 mm/0.3 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 1983.4 | Wang and Sun, 1987 | 25. m/0.26 mm/0.3 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 200. C |
Packed | Carbowax 20M | 1967. | Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984 | He, Supelcoport, 40. C @ 10. min, 10. K/min, 210. C @ 30. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
Capillary | FFAP | 1962. | Korhonen, 1984 | 10. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Capillary | FFAP | 1950. | Korhonen, 1984 | 2. K/min; Tstart: 100. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Stabilwax | 2026. | Natali N., Chinnici F., et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 3C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 240C(10min) |
Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 2015. | Verzera, Ziino, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1996. | Pennarun, Prost, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1996. | Pennarun, Prost, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1984. | Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min) |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2003. | Baek and Cadwallader, 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C => (6C/min) => 80C(6min) => (15C/min) => 200C(10min) |
Capillary | FFAP | 2028. | Yasuhara, 1987 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C (5min) => 2C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 210C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1990. | Whitfield, Shea, et al., 1981 | Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Apieson L | 140. | 956. | Hedin, Minyard, et al., 1967 | Nitrogen, Chromosorb W HMDS (60-80 mesh); Column length: 1.8 m |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 989. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 9999 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | Optima-5 MS | 983. | Goeminne, Vandendriessche, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | TR-1 | 962. | Gruzdev, Kuzivanov, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | TR-1 | 962. | Gruzdev, Kuzivanov, et al., 2012, 2 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 994. | Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 984. | Nawrath, Mgode, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 320. C |
Capillary | VF-5 MS | 987. | Leffingwell and Alford, 2011 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C |
Capillary | VF-5 MS | 989. | Leffingwell and Alford, 2011 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 981. | Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-5 MS | 994. | Majcher, Lawrowski, et al., 2010 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 978. | Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 70. C |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 972. | Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 70. C |
Capillary | ZB-5 | 986. | Harrison and Priest, 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 9. min |
Capillary | RTX-5 | 979. | Pham, Schilling, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 20. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 968. | Bozi, Czagany, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 300. C @ 4. min |
Capillary | Elite-5MS | 978. | Tava, Pecetti, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 983. | Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 980. | Xu, Fan, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | HP-1 | 951. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | HP-1 | 954. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 980. | Fan and Qian, 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 957. | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 963. | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
Capillary | MDN-5 | 980. | van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 957. | Park, Lee, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 961. | Park, Lee, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 963. | Park, Lee, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 964. | Park, Lee, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
Capillary | HP-5 | 992. | Zenkevich, Moeder, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 974. | Sebastian, Viallon-Fernandez, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 989. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 15. K/min, 280. C @ 11.4 min |
Capillary | BP-1 | 961. | Hayes R.A., Richardson B.J., et al., 2002 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.1 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 8. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | AT-1 | 986. | Kelling, 2001 | He, 50. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 978. | Poligné, Collignan, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | BP-1 | 951. | Health Safety Executive, 2000 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | Ultra-2 | 977. | Quiroz, Fuentes-Contreras, et al., 1999 | 40. C @ 4. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | BPX-5 | 986. | D'Arcy, Rintoul, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 973. | Lu, Yu, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 951. | Robacker and Bartelt, 1997 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 981. | Yu and Ho, 1995 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 60. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 964. | Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 957. | Binder, Benson, et al., 1990 | 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB5-30W | 984. | Schwab and Schreier, 1988 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | SE-54 | 988. | Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986 | He, 50. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 954. | Habu, Flath, et al., 1985 | 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 948. | Habu, Flath, et al., 1985 | 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 969. | Stern, Flath, et al., 1985 | 50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 953. | Spiteller and Spiteller, 1979 | He, 75. C @ 7. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Tend: 280. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 982. | Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SLB-5 MS | 982. | Mondello, 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 979. | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 995. | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | RTX-5 MS | 987. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 300 0C |
Capillary | RTX-5 MS | 980. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | ZB-5 | 983. | de Simon, Estruelas, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C (10 min) 10 0C/min -> 270 0C (21 min) |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 969. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 976. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 976. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 976. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 976. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 977. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5 | 986. | Zhao, Li, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min) |
Capillary | HP-5 | 989. | Zhao, Li, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5 MS | 974. | Zhu, Li, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min) |
Capillary | DB-5 MS | 976. | Zhu, Li, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min) |
Capillary | HP-5 | 984. | Dou, Li, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 110 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 170 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min -> 260 0C (5 min) |
Capillary | OV-101 | 952. | Ebrahimi and Hadjmohammadi, 2006 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | RTX-5 | 980. | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified |
Capillary | RTX-5 | 980. | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SE-30 | 1002. | Vinogradov, 2004 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 977. | Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 961. | Counet, Callemien, et al., 2002 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C=3C/min => 250C(30min) |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 973. | Fu, Yoon, et al., 2002 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl phenyl siloxane (not specified) | 976. | Poligne, Collignan, et al., 2002 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 995. | Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min) |
Capillary | DB-5 MS | 984. | Luo and Agnew, 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5 | 987. | Ansorena, Astiasarán, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 250C (5min) |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 956. | Guyot, Scheirman, et al., 1999 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 30C => 55C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 962. | Guyot, Bouseta, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He; Program: 30C => 55C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 985. | Mateo, Aguirrezábal, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C(10min) |
Capillary | DB-5 | 982. | Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 1996 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min) |
Capillary | DB-5 | 983. | Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 1996 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min) |
Capillary | DB-1 | 962. | Peng, 1996 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 280 0C (20 min) |
Capillary | RSL-150 | 1002. | Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30c (1.5min) => 20C/min => 55C => 6C/min => 200C(10min) |
Capillary | DB-1 | 964. | Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-1 | 961. | Hathcock and Bertsch, 1993 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SE-54 | 982. | Um, Bailey, et al., 1992 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 961. | Kawai, Ishida, et al., 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-1 | 964. | Kawai, Ishida, et al., 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane, unknown content of Ph-groups | 973. | Geldon, 1989 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane, unknown content of Ph-groups | 987. | Geldon, 1989 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1 | 959. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 926. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Other | Methyl Silicone | 981. | Ardrey and Moffat, 1981 | Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-FFAP | 2035. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 9999 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-FFAP | 2039. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 9999 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-FFAP | 2039. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 9999 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2012. | Puvipirom and Chaisei, 2012 | 15. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | AT-Wax | 2007. | Kiss, Csoka, et al., 2011 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | FFAP | 1995. | Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | CP-Wax | 1989. | Mo, Fan, et al., 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2030. | Moon and Shibamoto, 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 70. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2008. | Zhao, Xu, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | Innowax | 2020. | Kaypak and Avsar, 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2011. | Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1994. | Vichi, Romero, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 10. min, 8. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Stabilwax | 2019. | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | RTX-Wax | 1993. | Prososki, Etzel, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2007. | Xu, Fan, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2007. | Fan and Qian, 2006, 2 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2007. | Fan and Qian, 2006, 2 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2015. | Fan and Qian, 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax Etr | 2023. | Perestrelo, Fernandes, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | ZB-Wax | 2035. | Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 2006 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 2017. | de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | TC-FFAP | 2015. | Kurose and Yatagai, 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.4 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2039. | Qian and Wang, 2005 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 2020. | Yao, Guo, et al., 2005 | 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1969. | López, Ezpeleta, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2045. | Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2012. | Yanagimoto, Ochi, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | Stabilwax | 2019. | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003, 2 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | TC-Wax | 2011. | Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003 | He, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1946. | Saura, LAencina, et al., 2003 | Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.70 mm; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2007. | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2009. | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1995. | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | HP-FFAP | 2039. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 2003 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-FFAP | 2039. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 2003 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | HP-FFAP | 2035. | Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 2003 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1955. | Fu, Yoon, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | FFAP | 1949. | Lecanu, Ducruet, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1973. | Osorio, Duque, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1984. | Osorio, Duque, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | EC-1000 | 2015. | Bendall, 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1951. | Lee and Shibamoto, 2000 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2005. | Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 230. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1950. | Parada, Duque, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1989. | Parada, Duque, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1983. | Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 1999 | 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2000. | Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax | 1990. | Näf and Velluz, 1998 | He, 5. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2004. | Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997 | He, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 1958. | Kubota, Matsujage, et al., 1996 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | TC-Wax | 2028. | Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996 | 80. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1956. | Kawakami, Ganguly, et al., 1995 | 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1957. | Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1969. | Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992 | He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1953. | Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 1988. | Kubota, Nakamoto, et al., 1991 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1996. | Binder, Benson, et al., 1990 | 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2014. | Hsieh, Williams, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 175. C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2004. | Andersen J.F., Mikolajczak K.L., et al., 1987 | Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 6. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1973. | Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1978. | Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2002. | Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2037. | Xiao, Dai, et al., 2011 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 150 0C 5 0C/min -> 220 0C (5 min) |
Capillary | Supelko CO Wax | 2022. | Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) |
Capillary | Supelko CO Wax | 2020. | Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-FFAP | 1996. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Capillary | DB-FFAP | 1998. | Mebazaa, Mahmoudi, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1978. | de Simon, Estruelas, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C (10 min) 10 0C/min -> 270 0C (21 min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2007. | Zhao, Xu, et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1989. | Tao, Wenlai, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 20 0C/min -> 80 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C |
Capillary | PEG 20M | 2004. | Zhang, Zhang, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 60 0C 6 0C/min -> 130 0C 10 0C/min -> 230 0C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2007. | Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 44 0C 3 0C/min -> 170 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1984. | Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2000. | Tian, Zhang, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 150 0C 8 0C/min -> 230 0C (15 min) |
Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 2020. | Vichi, Guadayol, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C(5min) |
Capillary | PEG-20M | 2004. | Zhang C., Zhang H., et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 230C (10min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1993. | Krings, Zelena, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 240C (10min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1996. | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30C(4min) => 2C/min => 170C(25min) => 10C/min => 210C(10min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2000. | Lee, Lee, et al., 2005, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30C(4min) => 2C/min => 170C(25min) => 10C/min => 210C(10min) |
Capillary | HP-Innowax | 2014. | Piasenzotto, Gracco, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(4min) => 10C/min => 230C(10min) => 10C/min => 250C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1996. | Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 130C => 1C/min => 190C => 4C/min => 220C(20min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 2009. | Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 130C => 1C/min => 190C => 4C/min => 220C(20min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1979. | Caldentey, Daria Fumi, et al., 1998 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 25C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C |
Capillary | DB-FFAP | 1995. | Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997 | He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35C => 40C/min => 60C (1min) => 6C/min => 250C |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1954. | Peng, 1996 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min) |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1955. | Hatsuko, Kazuko, et al., 1992 | He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1954. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991, 2 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M | 1961. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc. | 1967. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 | 151.4 | Wang, Hou, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-5 | 151.6 | Shao, Wang, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.3 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 156.32 | Williams and Horne, 1995 | He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tend: 270. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 154.7 | Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 285. C @ 29.5 min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 156.32 | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 152.2 | Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007 | Column length: 60. m; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 150.4 | Aracil, Font, et al., 2005 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 156.32 | Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 158.08 | Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
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. [all data]
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. [all data]
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. [all data]
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Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
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