Chromium hexacarbonyl


Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: José A. Martinho Simões

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-910. ± 80.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
MS - José A. Martinho Simões

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub69. ± 2.kJ/molN/AAl-Takhin, Connor, et al., 1984AC
Δsub72.0 ± 4.2kJ/molN/APilcher and Skinner, 1983See also Pittam, Pilcher, et al., 1975.; AC
Δsub70. ± 2.kJ/molCRibeiro Da Silva and Reis, 1983AC
Δsub71.6 ± 1.7kJ/molCC-SBDaamen, Ernsting, et al., 1979Please also see Boxhoorn, Ernsting, et al., 1980. Other values for the enthalpy of sublimation have been reported: 72.0 ± 4.2 kJ/mol Hieber and Romberg, 1935 Pilcher, Ware, et al., 1975, 69. ± 2. kJ/mol Al-Takhin, Connor, et al., 1984, 2 and 69.5 ± 4.2 kJ/mol Rezukhina and Shvyrev, 1952; MS
Δsub69.5kJ/molCAdedeji, Lalage, et al., 1975AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
62.5324.Stull, 1947Based on data from 309. to 424. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
309. to 424.7.881183391.7436.153Stull, 1947Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
63.3328.GSPankajavalli, Mallika, et al., 2002Based on data from 309. to 347. K.; AC
65.7269.TEGarner, Chandra, et al., 1995Based on data from 266. to 272. K.; AC
68.5 ± 1.1323. to 391.N/ABaev, 1993AC
68.5355.5AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 288. to 423. K.; AC
71.6 ± 1.7260.MEBoxhoorn, Ernsting, et al., 1980, 2Based on data from 240. to 280. K. See also Daamen, Ernsting, et al., 1979, 2.; AC
71.5 ± 0.8288.BGBoni, 1966Based on data from 274. to 301. K.; AC
69.3319. to 411.N/ARezukhina and Shvyrev, 1952AC
63.6358.MMWindsor and Blanchard, 1934Based on data from 308. to 408. K.; AC

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: José A. Martinho Simões

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Chromium hexacarbonyl (solution) + Heptane (solution) = C12H16CrO5 (solution) + Carbon monoxide (solution)

By formula: C6CrO6 (solution) + C7H16 (solution) = C12H16CrO5 (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr113. ± 3.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 13 values; Individual data points

Chromium hexacarbonyl (solution) = C5CrO5 (solution) + Carbon monoxide (solution)

By formula: C6CrO6 (solution) = C5CrO5 (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr168.2 ± 2.5kJ/molKinSGraham and Angelici, 1967solvent: Decalin; The reaction enthalpy and entropy were identified with the enthalpy and entropy of activation for the reaction of Cr(CO)6(solution) with PBu3(solution).
Δr159.4kJ/molKinSWerner and Prinz, 1966solvent: n-Decane+cyclohexane mixture; The reaction enthalpy and entropy were identified with the enthalpy and entropy of activation for the reactions of Cr(CO)6(solution) with a phosphine and an amine. The results were quoted from Graham and Angelici, 1967.

Chromium hexacarbonyl (g) = C5CrO5 (g) + Carbon monoxide (g)

By formula: C6CrO6 (g) = C5CrO5 (g) + CO (g)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr155. ± 21.kJ/molKinGFletcher and Rosenfeld, 1988 
Δr154. ± 13.kJ/molLPHPLewis, Golden, et al., 1984Temperature range: 740-820 K. The reaction enthalpy at 298 K relies on an activation energy of 147.7 kJ/mol and assumes a negligible activation barrier for product recombination.
Δr161.9kJ/molKinGPajaro, Calderazzo, et al., 1960Please also see Graham and Angelici, 1967. The reaction enthalpy and entropy were identified with the enthalpy and entropy of activation for the reaction of Cr(CO)6(g) with CO(g) Pajaro, Calderazzo, et al., 1960. The results were quoted from Graham and Angelici, 1967.

C10H5CrNO5 (solution) + Carbon monoxide (solution) = Chromium hexacarbonyl (solution) + 1,3-Diazine (solution)

By formula: C10H5CrNO5 (solution) + CO (solution) = C6CrO6 (solution) + C4H4N2 (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-61.9kJ/molKinSWovkulich and Atwood, 1980solvent: Hexane; The data rely on the enthalpy and entropy of activation for the forward reaction, 106.3 ± 4.6 kJ/mol and 13.0±14.6 J/(mol K) Dennenberg and Darensbourg, 1972, and also on the enthalpy and entropy of activation for the Cr-CO dissociation in Cr(CO)6, 168.2 ± 2.5 kJ/mol and 94.6±6.3 J/(mol K) Graham and Angelici, 1967. The latter data were obtained in decalin

Chromium hexacarbonyl (cr) = 6Carbon monoxide (g) + chromium (cr)

By formula: C6CrO6 (cr) = 6CO (g) + Cr (cr)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr266. ± 4.kJ/molTD-HFCAl-Takhin, Connor, et al., 1984, 2 
Δr314.9 ± 0.9kJ/molTD-HZCPittam, Pilcher, et al., 1975, 2Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977 and Tel'noi and Rabinovich, 1977.
Δr269.4 ± 4.7kJ/molTD-HFCConnor, Skinner, et al., 1972 

Pentane (solution) + Chromium hexacarbonyl (solution) = C10H12CrO5 (solution) + Carbon monoxide (solution)

By formula: C5H12 (solution) + C6CrO6 (solution) = C10H12CrO5 (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr117. ± 11.kJ/molPACMorse, Parker, et al., 1989solvent: Pentane; The reaction enthalpy relies on 0.67 for the quantum yield of CO dissociation

C10H5CrNO5 (cr) + Carbon monoxide (g) = Chromium hexacarbonyl (g) + 1,3-Diazine (g)

By formula: C10H5CrNO5 (cr) + CO (g) = C6CrO6 (g) + C4H4N2 (g)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr75. ± 6.kJ/molDSCDaamen, van der Poel, et al., 1979 

Chromium hexacarbonyl (g) = 3Carbon monoxide (g) + C3CrO3 (g)

By formula: C6CrO6 (g) = 3CO (g) + C3CrO3 (g)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr393. ± 42.kJ/molMBPSVenkataraman, Hou, et al., 1990 

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin D.HENNEBERG, MAX-PLANCK INSTITUTE, MULHEIM, WEST GERMANY
NIST MS number 61993

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Al-Takhin, Connor, et al., 1984
Al-Takhin, Ghassan; Connor, Joseph A.; Skinner, Henry A.; Zafarani-Moattar, Mohamed T., Thermochemistry of arenetricarbonylchromium complexes containing toluene, anisole, N,N-dimethylaninine, acetophenone and methylbenzoate, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 1984, 260, 2, 189-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-328X(00)98694-7 . [all data]

Pilcher and Skinner, 1983
Pilcher, G.; Skinner, H.A., Thermochemistry of organometallic compounds, 1983, 43-90, https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470771686.ch2 . [all data]

Pittam, Pilcher, et al., 1975
Pittam, D.A.; Pilcher, G.; Barnes, D.S.; Skinner, H.A.; Todd, D., The enthalpy of formation of chromium hexacarbonyl, Journal of the Less Common Metals, 1975, 42, 2, 217-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(75)90007-7 . [all data]

Ribeiro Da Silva and Reis, 1983
Ribeiro Da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Reis, Ana Maria M.V., The standard molar enthalpies of formation of bis(benzoylacetonato)-beryllium(II) and tris(benzoylacetonato)-aluminium(III) and the mean molar metal-oxygen bond-dissociation enthalpies, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1983, 15, 10, 957-963, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(83)90129-5 . [all data]

Daamen, Ernsting, et al., 1979
Daamen, H.; Ernsting, J.M.; Oskam, A., Thermochim. Acta, 1979, 33, 217. [all data]

Boxhoorn, Ernsting, et al., 1980
Boxhoorn, G.; Ernsting, J.M.; Stufkens, D.J.; Oskam, A., Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 42, 315. [all data]

Hieber and Romberg, 1935
Hieber, W.; Romberg, E., Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1935, 221, 321. [all data]

Pilcher, Ware, et al., 1975
Pilcher, G.; Ware, M.J.; Pittam, D.A., J. Less-Common Met., 1975, 42, 223. [all data]

Al-Takhin, Connor, et al., 1984, 2
Al-Takhin, G.; Connor, J.A.; Skinner, H.A.; Zaharani-Moettar, M.T., J. Organomet. Chem., 1984, 260, 189. [all data]

Rezukhina and Shvyrev, 1952
Rezukhina, T.N.; Shvyrev, V.V., Vestn. Moskov. Univ., 1952, 7, 41. [all data]

Adedeji, Lalage, et al., 1975
Adedeji, Festus A.; Lalage, D.; Brown, S.; Connor, Joseph A.; Leung, May L.; Paz-Andrade, I. Maria; Skinner, Henry A., Thermochemistry of arene chromium tricarbonyls and the strenghts of arene-chromium bonds, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 1975, 97, 2, 221-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-328X(00)89468-1 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Pankajavalli, Mallika, et al., 2002
Pankajavalli, R.; Mallika, C.; Sreedharan, O.M.; Raghunathan, V.S.; Antony Premkumar, P.; Nagaraja, K.S., Thermal stability of organo-chromium or chromium organic complexes and vapor pressure measurements on tris(2,4-pentanedionato)chromium(III) and hexacarbonyl chromium(0) by TG-based transpiration method, Chemical Engineering Science, 2002, 57, 17, 3603-3610, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2509(02)00248-8 . [all data]

Garner, Chandra, et al., 1995
Garner, M.L.; Chandra, D.; Lau, K.H., Low-temperature vapor pressures of W-, Cr-, and Co-carbonyls, JPE, 1995, 16, 1, 24-29, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646245 . [all data]

Baev, 1993
Baev, A.K., Thermodynamic properties of the mixtures of chromium and tungsten hexacarbonyls, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1993, 67, 12, 2399. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Boxhoorn, Ernsting, et al., 1980, 2
Boxhoorn, G.; Ernsting, J.M.; Stufkens, D.J.; Oskam, A., Vapour pressure measurements on M(CO)5L complexes (M «58875» Cr, W; L «58875» CO, P(OØ)3, PØ3, PMe3, NMe3 and pyridazine), Thermochimica Acta, 1980, 42, 3, 315-321, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(80)85092-1 . [all data]

Daamen, Ernsting, et al., 1979, 2
Daamen, H.; Ernsting, J.M.; Oskam, A., Vapour pressure measurements on M(CO)5L (M = Cr, Mo, W; L = piperidine, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrazole, thiazole), Thermochimica Acta, 1979, 33, 217-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(79)87044-6 . [all data]

Boni, 1966
Boni, A.A., The Vapor Pressures of Titanium Tetrabromide and Chromium Carbonyl, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1966, 113, 10, 1089, https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2423762 . [all data]

Windsor and Blanchard, 1934
Windsor, Manly M.; Blanchard, Arthur A., The Vapor Pressure and Molecular Weight of Chromium Carbonyl, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 56, 4, 823-825, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01319a015 . [all data]

Graham and Angelici, 1967
Graham, J.R.; Angelici, R.J., Inorg. Chem., 1967, 6, 2082. [all data]

Werner and Prinz, 1966
Werner, H.; Prinz, R., Chem. Ber., 1966, 99, 3582. [all data]

Fletcher and Rosenfeld, 1988
Fletcher, R.T.; Rosenfeld, R.N., Recombination of Cr(CO)n with CO: Kinetics and Bond Dissociation Energies, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 7, 2097, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00215a014 . [all data]

Lewis, Golden, et al., 1984
Lewis, K.E.; Golden, D.M.; Smith, G.P., Organometallic bond dissociation energies: Laser pyrolysis of Fe(CO)5, Cr(CO)6, Mo(CO)6, and W(CO)6, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 3905. [all data]

Pajaro, Calderazzo, et al., 1960
Pajaro, G.; Calderazzo, F.; Ercoli, R., Gazz. Chim. Ital., 1960, 90, 1486. [all data]

Wovkulich and Atwood, 1980
Wovkulich, M.J.; Atwood, J.D., J. Organometal. Chem., 1980, 184, 77. [all data]

Dennenberg and Darensbourg, 1972
Dennenberg, R.J.; Darensbourg, D.J., Inorg. Chem., 1972, 11, 72. [all data]

Pittam, Pilcher, et al., 1975, 2
Pittam, D.A.; Pilcher, G.; Barnes, D.S.; Skinner, H.A.; Todd, D., J. Less-Common Met., 1975, 42, 217. [all data]

Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J., Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brigton, 1977. [all data]

Tel'noi and Rabinovich, 1977
Tel'noi, V.I.; Rabinovich, I.B., Russ. Chem. Rev., 1977, 46, 689. [all data]

Connor, Skinner, et al., 1972
Connor, J.A.; Skinner, H.A.; Virmani, Y., Microcalorimetric studies. Thermal decomposition and iodination of metal carbonyls, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1972, 68, 0, 1754, https://doi.org/10.1039/f19726801754 . [all data]

Morse, Parker, et al., 1989
Morse, J.M., Jr.; Parker, G.H.; Burkey, T.J., Organometallics, 1989, 8, 2471. [all data]

Daamen, van der Poel, et al., 1979
Daamen, H.; van der Poel, H.; Stufkens, D.J.; Oskam, A., Thermochim. Acta, 1979, 34, 69. [all data]

Venkataraman, Hou, et al., 1990
Venkataraman, B.; Hou, H.; Zhang, Z.; Chen, S.; Bandukwalla, G.; Vernon, M., J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 92, 5338. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References