Thiophene

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas52.20kcal/molN/AZaheeruddin and Lodhi, 1991Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of 183.0 kj/mol from Zaheeruddin and Lodhi, 1991 and ΔvapH° value of 35.4 kj/mol from Hubbard, Scott, et al., 1955.; DRB
Δfgas27.82kcal/molN/ASunner, 1963Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of 81.0±0.6 kj/mol from Sunner, 1963 and ΔvapH° value of 35.4 kj/mol from Hubbard, Scott, et al., 1955.; DRB
Δfgas27.49 ± 0.24kcal/molCcbHubbard, Scott, et al., 1955see Waddington, Knowlton, et al., 1949; ALS
Δfgas27.89kcal/molN/AMoore, Renquist, et al., 1940Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of 81.3±2.6 kj/mol from Moore, Renquist, et al., 1940 and ΔvapH° value of 35.4 kj/mol from Hubbard, Scott, et al., 1955.; DRB

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C4H3S- + Hydrogen cation = Thiophene

By formula: C4H3S- + H+ = C4H4S

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr381.2 ± 3.1kcal/molG+TSDePuy, Kass, et al., 1988gas phase; Between MeOH, EtOH. D exchange implies anion at C-2.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr373.0 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRBDePuy, Kass, et al., 1988gas phase; Between MeOH, EtOH. D exchange implies anion at C-2.; B

C4H4S+ + Thiophene = (C4H4S+ • Thiophene)

By formula: C4H4S+ + C4H4S = (C4H4S+ • C4H4S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr16.9kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr23.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(C4H4S+ • Thiophene) + Thiophene = (C4H4S+ • 2Thiophene)

By formula: (C4H4S+ • C4H4S) + C4H4S = (C4H4S+ • 2C4H4S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.5kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987gas phase; ΔrH<; M

C4H5S+ + Thiophene = (C4H5S+ • Thiophene)

By formula: C4H5S+ + C4H4S = (C4H5S+ • C4H4S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr11.5kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987gas phase; ΔrH<; M

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: Tanya L. Myers, Russell G. Tonkyn, Ashley M. Oeck, Tyler O. Danby, John S. Loring, Matthew S. Taubman, Stephen W. Sharpe, Jerome C. Birnbaum, and Timothy J. Johnson


Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedApiezon L160.694.Kurbatova, Finkelstein, et al., 2004Chromaton N-AW; Column length: 1. m; Large deviations from similar measurements
CapillaryDB-5100.686.1Miller and Bruno, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm
CapillaryDB-5120.700.0Miller and Bruno, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm
CapillaryDB-560.674.6Miller and Bruno, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm
CapillaryDB-580.679.6Miller and Bruno, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.685.3Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000He; Column length: 3.3 m
CapillarySPB-1100.668.Misharina, Beletsky, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm
CapillarySE-30100.668.Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 199260. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, He
CapillaryOV-101100.668.Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 199260. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, He
PackedC78, Branched paraffin130.683.0Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 3.3 m
PackedApolane130.686.Dutoit, 1991Column length: 3.7 m
PackedApiezon M130.694.Garbuzov, Misharina, et al., 1985He or N2, Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS; Column length: 2.1 m
PackedApiezon M60.675.Mikhailova, Gren, et al., 1985Chromosorb WAW; Column length: 2.1 m
PackedApiezon M130.694.Golovnya, Garbuzov, et al., 1978Chromosorb W, AW/DMS; Column length: 2.1 m
PackedApolane70.664.6Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m
CapillarySqualane60.641.Ryba, 1976Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane60.648.Ryba, 1976Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryApiezon L120.693.Agr, Tesaric, et al., 1973 
CapillarySqualane120.644.Agr, Tesaric, et al., 1973 
CapillarySqualane86.632.Agr, Tesaric, et al., 1973 
CapillarySqualane120.644.Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972N2, Celite 545; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillarySqualane86.632.Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972N2, Celite 545; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryApiezon L120.693.Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
PackedDC-200120.670.Reymond, Mueggler-Chavan, et al., 1966Celite; Column length: 4. m
PackedDC-200100.671.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 4. m
PackedSqualane100.652.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 5. m
PackedApiezon L100.690.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 5. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M160.1054.Kurbatova, Finkelstein, et al., 2004Chromaton N-AW; Column length: 1. m
CapillaryCarbowax 40M100.1039.Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 199250. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1046.Rohrschneider, 1966Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1023.Shimoda and Shibamoto, 1990He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 190. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5672.Methven L., Tsoukka M., et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 260. C @ 10. min
CapillaryMega 5MS703.Condurso, Verzera, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB673.Elmore, Campo, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryBPX-5665.Ames, Guy, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBPX-5665.Ames, Guy, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-1649.Kim, 200160. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB671.Elmore, Mottram, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillarySPB-1658.Misharina, Beletsky, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 8. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101668.Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 199350. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101648.Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 199260. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1650.Zhang and Ho, 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-1646.Zhang and Ho, 198960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-1648.Zhang, Chien, et al., 198860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5661.Klesk, Qian, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5661.Klesk and Qian, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C(10min)
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS626.Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000, 260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C(5min) => 40C/min => 40C (2min) => 4C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-5636.Parker, Hassell, et al., 200050. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: oC(5min) => 60C/min => 60C (5min) => 4C/min => 250C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1017.Kim, 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1023.Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1994He, 60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryCarbowax 40M1028.Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 199250. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101022.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1028.Condurso, Verzera, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C
CapillaryStabilwax1034.Klesk, Qian, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryStabilwax1030.Klesk and Qian, 200330. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C(10min)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups100.686.Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups60.675.Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Nitrogen
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups80.680.Safa and Hadjmohannadi, 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.10 μm, Nitrogen
PackedApiezon L100.693.Kavan, 1973Column length: 3.2 m
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane110.655.Ferrand, 1962 

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPONA648.Yang, Wang, et al., 200450. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, N2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryPONA646.Yang, Wang, et al., 200350. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 150. C
CapillaryPONA647.Yang, Yang, et al., 200350. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone643.23Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-1685.Tai and Ho, 199860. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryOV-101650.Egolf and Jurs, 19932. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-5677.Macku and Shibamoto, 1991He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 160. C
CapillaryCP-Sil 5644.Damste, van Dalen, et al., 198825. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, Helium, 0. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryCP-Sil 5645.Damste, van Dalen, et al., 198825. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, Helium, 0. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB644.Damste, Kock-van Dalen, et al., 198825. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB645.Damste, Kock-van Dalen, et al., 198825. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5665.Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min)
CapillarySE-30650.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-5665.Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryBPX-5667.Machiels, van Ruth, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (4min) => 2C/min => 90C => 4C/min => 130C => 8C/min => 250 C (10min)
CapillaryPONA647.Yang, Wang, et al., 200350. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryApiezon L694.Finkelstein, Kurbatova, et al., 2002Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5 MS680.Luo and Agnew, 200130. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-1651.Nedjma and Maujean, 199530. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, H2; Program: 35(1)-10 -> 55-25 ->250
CapillaryMethyl Silicone653.Zenkevich and Kuznetsova, 1990Program: not specified
CapillarySE-30665.P'yanova, Zvereva, et al., 1987Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-101650.Shibamoto, 1987Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.647.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
PackedApiezon M700.Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 1983N2, Chromosorb W AW/DMCS; Column length: 5.6 m; Program: 60C(7min), 100C(7min), 150C isothermal

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-Innowax1010.Puvipirom and Chaisei, 201215. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryFFAP1024.Budryn, Nebesny, et al., 201130. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 45. min
CapillaryFFAP1024.Nebesny, Budryn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 320. C @ 45. min
CapillaryTC-Wax1026.Ishikawa, Ito, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1021.Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1021.Maeztu, Sanz, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1021.Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1041.Schlüter, Steinhart, et al., 199960. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 34. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax995.Schlüter, Steinhart, et al., 199960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 34. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1022.Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1035.Egolf and Jurs, 19932. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1032.Shibamoto and Russell, 19771. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1034.Shibamoto and Russell, 19771. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1032.Shibamoto and Russell, 1976N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1035.Shibamoto and Russell, 1976N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1035.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1054.Finkelstein, Kurbatova, et al., 2002Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1022.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1025.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.1018.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Zaheeruddin and Lodhi, 1991
Zaheeruddin, M.; Lodhi, Z.H., Enthalpies of formation of some cyclic compounds, Phys. Chem. (Peshawar Pak.), 1991, 10, 111-118. [all data]

Hubbard, Scott, et al., 1955
Hubbard, W.N.; Scott, D.W.; Frow, F.R.; Waddington, G., Thiophene: Heat of combustion and chemical thermodynamic properties, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 5855-58. [all data]

Sunner, 1963
Sunner, S., Corrected heat of combustion and formation values for a number of organic sulphur compounds, Acta Chem. Scand., 1963, 17, 728-730. [all data]

Waddington, Knowlton, et al., 1949
Waddington, G.; Knowlton, J.W.; Scott, D.W.; Oliver, G.D.; Todd, S.S.; Hubbard, W.N.; Smith, J.C.; Huffman, H.M., Thermodynamic propertie of thiophene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 797-808. [all data]

Moore, Renquist, et al., 1940
Moore, G.E.; Renquist, M.L.; Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds. XX. Modern combustion data for two methylnonanes, methyl ethyl ketone, thiophene and six cycloparaffins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 1505-1507. [all data]

DePuy, Kass, et al., 1988
DePuy, C.H.; Kass, S.R.; Bean, G.P., Formation and Reactions of Heteroaromatic Anions in the Gas Phase, J. Org. Chem., 1988, 53, 19, 4427, https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00254a001 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1987
Hiraoka, K.; Takimoto, H.; Yamabe, S., Stabilities and Structures in Cluster Ions of Five-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds Containing O, N and S Atoms, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 24, 7346, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00258a018 . [all data]

Kurbatova, Finkelstein, et al., 2004
Kurbatova, S.V.; Finkelstein, E.E.; Kolosova, E.A.; Kartashev, A.V.; Rashkin, S.V., Structural analogy method in studies of adamantanes, J. Struct. Chem., 2004, 45, 1, 144-150, https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JORY.0000041513.82837.4e . [all data]

Miller and Bruno, 2003
Miller, K.E.; Bruno, T.J., Isothermal Kováts retention indices of sulfur compounds on a poly(5% diphenyl-95% dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 1007, 1-2, 117-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00958-0 . [all data]

Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000
Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsár, Z.; Kováts, E., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 904, 2, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00908-0 . [all data]

Misharina, Beletsky, et al., 1994
Misharina, T.A.; Beletsky, I.V.; Golovnya, R.V., Chromatographic and IR characteristics of methyl-, formyl-, and acetyl-substituted furans and thiophenes, Russ. Chem. Bull. (Engl. Transl.), 1994, 43, 1, 64-69, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00699137 . [all data]

Golovnya, Misharina, et al., 1992
Golovnya, R.V.; Misharina, T.A.; Beletskiy, I.V., Influence of methyl, formyl and acetyl groups on retention of substituted furans and thiophenes in capillary GC, Chromatographia, 1992, 34, 9/10, 497-501, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290243 . [all data]

Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992
Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 609, 1-2, 229-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80167-S . [all data]

Dutoit, 1991
Dutoit, J., Gas chromatographic retention behaviour of some solutes on structurally similar polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 555, 1-2, 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87179-X . [all data]

Garbuzov, Misharina, et al., 1985
Garbuzov, V.G.; Misharina, T.A.; Aerov, A.F.; Golovnya, R.V., Gas chromatographic retention indices for sulphur(II)-containing organic substances, J. Anal. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1985, 40, 4, 576-586. [all data]

Mikhailova, Gren, et al., 1985
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Notes

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