Isobutane
- Formula: C4H10
- Molecular weight: 58.1222
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-28-5
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Propane, 2-methyl-; Trimethylmethane; 1,1-Dimethylethane; 2-Methylpropane; iso-C4H10; i-Butane; UN 1969; R 600a; tert-Butane; A 31; Methylpropane; A 31 (hydrocarbon)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -32.07 ± 0.15 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Pittam and Pilcher, 1972 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -32.42 ± 0.13 | kcal/mol | Cm | Prosen, Maron, et al., 1951 | see Prosen and Rossini, 1945, Rossini, 1935; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°gas | -685.71 ± 0.14 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Pittam and Pilcher, 1972 | Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -32.07 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
ΔcH°gas | -685.37 ± 0.11 | kcal/mol | Cm | Prosen, Maron, et al., 1951 | see Prosen and Rossini, 1945, Rossini, 1935; Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -32.41 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
8.320 | 50. | Chen S.S., 1975 | Recommended values are in good agreement with those calculated by [ Pitzer K.S., 1946].; GT |
11.30 | 100. | ||
14.41 | 150. | ||
17.17 | 200. | ||
21.49 | 273.15 | ||
23.10 | 298.15 | ||
23.22 | 300. | ||
29.739 | 400. | ||
35.669 | 500. | ||
40.719 | 600. | ||
45.000 | 700. | ||
48.671 | 800. | ||
51.850 | 900. | ||
54.601 | 1000. | ||
57.000 | 1100. | ||
59.070 | 1200. | ||
60.880 | 1300. | ||
62.450 | 1400. | ||
63.819 | 1500. |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
19.67 ± 0.01 | 243.15 | Ernst G., 1970 | Other experimental values of heat capacity [ Sage B.H., 1937, Sage B.H., 1938] are less accurate, see [ Chen S.S., 1975]. Please also see Dailey B.P., 1943, Wacker P.F., 1947.; GT |
21.50 ± 0.01 | 273.15 | ||
22.76 ± 0.024 | 293.15 | ||
24.061 ± 0.024 | 313.15 | ||
25.423 ± 0.026 | 333.15 | ||
26.209 | 347.6 | ||
26.707 ± 0.026 | 353.15 | ||
26.900 | 359.4 | ||
28.590 | 387.5 | ||
32.751 | 452.5 | ||
36.551 | 520.9 | ||
38.549 | 561.7 | ||
40.559 | 605.3 | ||
44.259 | 692.7 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C4H9- + =
By formula: C4H9- + H+ = C4H10
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 412.9 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | Bran | DePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989 | gas phase; B |
ΔrH° | 414.7 ± 4.8 | kcal/mol | Bran | Peerboom, Rademaker, et al., 1992 | gas phase; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 404.3 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | H-TS | DePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 406.1 ± 4.9 | kcal/mol | H-TS | Peerboom, Rademaker, et al., 1992 | gas phase; B |
C4H9- + =
By formula: C4H9- + H+ = C4H10
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 413.1 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | Bran | DePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989 | gas phase; B |
ΔrH° | 414.0 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | Bran | DePuy, Bierbaum, et al., 1984 | gas phase; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 405.7 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | H-TS | DePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989 | gas phase; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -28.15 ± 0.10 | kcal/mol | Chyd | Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -28.39 ± 0.18 kcal/mol; At 355 °K; ALS |
By formula: C4H10 = C4H10
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -2.318 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Pines, Kvetinskas, et al., 1945 | gas phase; Heat of isomerization; ALS |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | CP Sil 2 | 60. | 361.1 | Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 20. | 366. | Do and Raulin, 1992 | 25. m/0.15 mm/2. μm, H2 |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 366.7 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 367.4 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 60. | 365. | Bredael, 1982 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
Capillary | OV-1 | 20. | 365. | Nijs and Jacobs, 1981 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 364.6 | Schröder, 1980 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 366. | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 371. | Matukuma, 1969 | N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 27. | 365. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 49. | 366. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 67. | 366. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 86. | 366. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | SE-30 | 70. | 369. | Widmer, 1967 | Diatoport S; Column length: 7.9 m |
Packed | Squalane | 26. | 363. | Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1966 | Column length: 10. m |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Petrocol DH-100 | 366. | Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997 | He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min) |
Capillary | DB-1 | 362. | Hoekman, 1993 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Carbowax 20M | 130. | 369. | Widmer, 1967 | Diatoport P; Column length: 7.9 m |
Packed | Carbowax 20M | 70. | 372. | Widmer, 1967 | Diatoport P; Column length: 7.9 m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 354.2 | Yin, Liu, et al., 2001 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 353.99 | Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 353.53 | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 353.53 | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 353. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 354. | Wu and Lu, 1984 | Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 50. | 366. | N/A | N2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
Packed | Methyl Silicone | 50. | 364. | Huguet, 1961 | Nitrogen, Celite C-22; Column length: 2.5 m |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB | 359. | Bramston-Cook, 2013 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 354. | Supelco, 2012 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | PONA | 354. | Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | OV-1 | 354.8 | Krkosova, Kubinec, et al., 2007 | 100. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 30. C |
Capillary | BP-1 | 364. | Health Safety Executive, 2000 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 355. | Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 366. | Chen and Feng, 2007 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 362. | Blunden, Aneja, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min) |
Capillary | OV-101 | 366. | Du and Liang, 2003 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | PONA | 368. | Perkin Elmer Instruments, 2002 | Column length: 100. m; Phase thickness: 0.50 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 354. | Yin, Guo, et al., 2001 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 354. | Spieksma, 1999 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 354. | Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 366. | Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 366. | Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 354. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 370. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1 | 370. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
Packed | Apieson L | 350. | Kojima, Fujii, et al., 1980 | Chromosorb W; Column length: 20. m; Program: not specified |
Packed | SE-30 | 368. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold) |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Pittam and Pilcher, 1972
Pittam, D.A.; Pilcher, G.,
Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry. Part 8.-Methane, ethane, propane, n-butane and 2-methylpropane,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1972, 68, 2224-2229. [all data]
Prosen, Maron, et al., 1951
Prosen, E.J.; Maron, F.W.; Rossini, F.D.,
Heats of combustion, formation, and insomerization of ten C4 hydrocarbons,
J. Res. NBS, 1951, 46, 106-112. [all data]
Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D.,
Heats of formation and combustion of 1,3-butadiene and styrene,
J. Res. NBS, 1945, 34, 59-63. [all data]
Rossini, 1935
Rossini, F.D.,
Heat of combustion of isobutane,
J. Res. NBS, 1935, 15, 357-361. [all data]
Chen S.S., 1975
Chen S.S.,
Ideal gas thermodynamic properties and isomerization of n-butane and isobutane,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1975, 4, 859-869. [all data]
Pitzer K.S., 1946
Pitzer K.S.,
The entropies and related properties of branched paraffin hydrocarbons,
Chem. Rev., 1946, 39, 435-447. [all data]
Ernst G., 1970
Ernst G.,
Ideal and real gas state heat capacities Cp of C3H8, i-C4H10, C2F5Cl, CH2ClCF3, CF2ClCFCl2, and CHF2Cl,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 787-791. [all data]
Sage B.H., 1937
Sage B.H.,
Phase equilibria in hydrocarbon systems. XX. Isobaric heat capacity of gaseous propane, n-butane, isobutane, and n-pentane,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1937, 29, 1309-1314. [all data]
Sage B.H., 1938
Sage B.H.,
Phase equilibrium in hydrocarbon systems. Thermodynamic properties of isobutane,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1938, 30, 673-681. [all data]
Dailey B.P., 1943
Dailey B.P.,
Heat capacities and hindered rotation in n-butane and isobutane,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 44-46. [all data]
Wacker P.F., 1947
Wacker P.F.,
Heat capacities of gaseous oxygen, isobutane, and 1-butene from -30 to +90 C,
J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand., 1947, 38, 651-659. [all data]
DePuy, Gronert, et al., 1989
DePuy, C.H.; Gronert, S.; Barlow, S.E.; Bierbaum, V.M.; Damrauer, R.,
The Gas Phase Acidities of the Alkanes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 6, 1968, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00188a003
. [all data]
Peerboom, Rademaker, et al., 1992
Peerboom, R.A.L.; Rademaker, G.J.; Dekoning, L.J.; Nibbering, N.M.M.,
Stabilization of Cycloalkyl Carbanions in the Gas Phase,
Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 1992, 6, 6, 394, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290060608
. [all data]
DePuy, Bierbaum, et al., 1984
DePuy, C.H.; Bierbaum, V.M.; Damrauer, R.,
Relative Gas-Phase Acidities of the Alkanes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 4051. [all data]
Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935
Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Ruhoff, J.R.; Smith, H.A.; Vaughan, W.E.,
Heats of organic reactions. II. Hydrogenation of some simpler olefinic hydrocarbons,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 876-882. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Pines, Kvetinskas, et al., 1945
Pines, H.; Kvetinskas, B.; Kassel, L.S.; Ipatieff, V.N.,
Determination of equilibrium constants for butanes and pentanes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1945, 67, 631-637. [all data]
Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995
Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche,
The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column,
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Do and Raulin, 1992
Do, L.; Raulin, F.,
Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. III. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a CP-Sil-5 CB WCOT capillary column,
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. [all data]
Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L.,
Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]
Bredael, 1982
Bredael, P.,
Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30,
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. [all data]
Nijs and Jacobs, 1981
Nijs, H.H.; Jacobs, P.A.,
On-Line Single Run Analysis of Effluents from a Fischer-Tropsch Reactor,
J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1981, 19, 1, 40-45, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/19.1.40
. [all data]
Schröder, 1980
Schröder, I.H.,
Retention Indices of Hydrocarbons up to C14 for the Stationary Phase Squalane,
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. [all data]
Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N.,
Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines
in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. [all data]
Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A.,
Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data,
Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]
Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E.,
Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates,
J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203
. [all data]
Widmer, 1967
Widmer, H.,
Gas chromatographic identification of hydrocarbons using retention indices,
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. [all data]
Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1966
Zulaïca, J.; Guiochon, G.,
Analyse des hauts polymères par chromatographie en phase gazeuse de leurs produits de pyrolyse. II. Application à quelques hydrocarbures macromoléculaires purs,
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Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997
Haagen-Smit Laboratory,
Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22. [all data]
Hoekman, 1993
Hoekman, S.K.,
Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions,
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Yin, Liu, et al., 2001
Yin, C.; Liu, W.; Li, Z.; Pan, Z.; Lin, T.; Zhang, M.,
Chemometrics to chemical modeling: structural coding in hydrocarbons and retention indices of gas chromatography,
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Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994
Subramaniam, B.; Bochniak, D.; Snavely, K.,
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White, Douglas, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Douglas, L.J.; Hackett, J.P.; Anderson, R.R.,
Characterization of synthetic gasoline from the chloromethane-zeolite reaction,
Energy Fuels, 1992, 6, 1, 76-82, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00031a012
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White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S.,
Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane,
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. [all data]
Wu and Lu, 1984
Wu, J.; Lu, W.,
Hydrocarbon analysis by open-tubular column chromatography with programmed temperature for straight run gasoline,
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Huguet, 1961
Huguet, M.,
Kovats retention indices in the qualitative analysis of light hydrocarbons by gas chromatography, Journees internationales d'etude des methodes de separation immediate et de chromatographie, 1961, 69. [all data]
Bramston-Cook, 2013
Bramston-Cook, R.,
Kovats indices for C2-C13 hydrocarbons and selected oxygenated/halocarbons with 100 % dimethylpolysiloxane columns, 2013, retrieved from http://lotusinstruments.com/monographs/List .... [all data]
Supelco, 2012
Supelco, CatalogNo. 24160-U,
Petrocol DH Columns. Catalog No. 24160-U, 2012, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Supelco/Datasheet/1/w97949.Par.0001.File.tmp/w97949.pdf. [all data]
Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009
Zhang, X.; Ding, L.; Sun, Z.; Song, L.; Sun, T.,
Study on quantitative structure-retention relationships for hydrocarbons in FCC gasoline,
Chromatographia, 2009, 70, 3/4, 511-518, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-009-1174-0
. [all data]
Krkosova, Kubinec, et al., 2007
Krkosova, Z.; Kubinec, R.; Addova, G.; Jurdakova, H.; Blasko, J.; Ostrovsky, I.; Sojak, L.,
Gas chromatographic - mass spectrometric characterization of monomethylalkanes from fuel diesel,
Petroleum Coal, 2007, 49, 3, 51-62. [all data]
Health Safety Executive, 2000
Health Safety Executive,
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Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas ΔcH°gas Enthalpy of combustion of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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