Glycerin
- Formula: C3H8O3
- Molecular weight: 92.0938
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 56-81-5
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Glycerol; Glycerine; Glyceritol; Glycyl alcohol; Glyrol; Glysanin; Osmoglyn; Propanetriol; Trihydroxypropane; Synthetic glycerin; 90 Technical glycerin; Dagralax; Glycerin, anhydrous; Glycerin, synthetic; Ophthalgan; Synthetic glycerine; Vitrosupos; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane; 90 Technical glycerine; Clyzerin, wasserfrei; Grocolene; MOON; Star; Optim; Bulbold; Cristal; Emery 912; Incorporation factor; Pricerine 9091; Propane-1,2,3-triol; Emery 916; IFP; NSC 9230; Auralgan (Salt/Mix); Collyrium Fresh-Eye Drops (Salt/Mix)
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°gas | -577.9 ± 1.1 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988 | Uc=-1653.1±0.4 kJ/mol; ALS |
| ΔfH°gas | -576.9 | kJ/mol | N/A | Parks, West, et al., 1946 | Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of -668.6±0.4 kj/mol from Parks, West, et al., 1946 and ΔvapH° value of 91.7 kj/mol from Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988.; DRB |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
+
=
+
By formula: C3H8O3 + HNO3 = C3H7NO5 + H2O
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -19. ± 2. | kJ/mol | Eqk | Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990 | liquid phase; Heat of Nitration; ALS |
| ΔrH° | -10.0 | kJ/mol | Cm | Tsvetkov, Sopin, et al., 1986 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C3H9O3+ + C3H8O3 = (C3H9O3+ • C3H8O3)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 57.3 | 500. | PHPMS | Sunner, Kulatunga, et al., 1986 | gas phase; M |
+
=
+
By formula: C3H8O3 + HNO3 = C3H7NO5 + H2O
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -10. ± 3. | kJ/mol | Eqk | Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990 | liquid phase; Heat of nitration; ALS |
+ 3
=
+ 3
By formula: C3H8O3 + 3HNO3 = C3H5N3O9 + 3H2O
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -36. ± 2. | kJ/mol | Cm | Kazakov, Lagodzinskaya, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; ALS |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 2322. | Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 2314. | Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | TC-Wax | 2300. | Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003 | He, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988
Bastos, M.; Nilsson, S-O.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.D.M.C.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.A.V.; Wadso, I.,
Thermodynamic properties of glycerol enthalpies of combustion and vaporization and the heat capacity at 298.15 K. Enthalpies of solution in water at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 1353-1359. [all data]
Parks, West, et al., 1946
Parks, G.S.; West, T.J.; Naylor, B.F.; Fujii, P.S.; McClaine, L.A.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XXIII. Modern combustion data for fourteen hydrocarbons and five polyhydroxy alcohols,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2524-2527. [all data]
Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990
Kazakov, A.I.; Kirpichev, E.P.; Lagodzinskaya, G.V.; Andrienko, L.P.; Yunda, N.G.; Korolev, A.M.; Rubstov, Yu.I.; Manelis, G.B.; Eremenko, L.T.,
Study of nitration equilibrium in the glycerin-aqueous nitric acid system. 2. Changes in ΔH and ΔS in the nitration reaction,
Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci., 1990, 1565-1570. [all data]
Tsvetkov, Sopin, et al., 1986
Tsvetkov, V.G.; Sopin, V.P.; Tsvetkova, L.Ya.; Marchenko, G.N.,
Enthalpy of reaction of nitric acid with some organic compounds,
J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1986, 56, 471-474. [all data]
Sunner, Kulatunga, et al., 1986
Sunner, J.A.; Kulatunga, R.; Kebarle, P.,
Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry and Gas Phase Basicities,
Anal. Chem., 1986, 58, 7, 1312, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00298a010
. [all data]
Kazakov, Lagodzinskaya, et al., 1989
Kazakov, A.I.; Lagodzinskaya, E.P.; Kirpichev, E.P.; Andrienko, L.P.; Yunda, N.G.; Korolev, A.M.; Robtsov, Yu.I.; Manelis, G.V.; Eremenko, L.T.,
Thermodynamics of nitration of glycerol,
Dokl. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1989, 305, 287-291. [all data]
Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007
Pozo-Bayon M.A.; Ruiz-Rodriguez A.; Pernin K.; Cayot N.,
Influence of eggs on the aroma composition of a sponge cake and on the aroma release in model studies on flavored sponge cakes,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 4, 1418-1426, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf062203y
. [all data]
Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995
Shimoda, M.; Shigematsu, H.; Shiratsuchi, H.; Osajima, Y.,
Comparison of the odor concentrates by SDE and adsorptive column method from green tea infusion,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 6, 1616-1620, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00054a037
. [all data]
Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003
Miyazawa, M.; Okuno, Y.,
Volatile components from the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 398-400, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1232
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
T Temperature ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.