Trichloromonofluoromethane
- Formula: CCl3F
- Molecular weight: 137.368
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-69-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Methane, trichlorofluoro-; Algofrene Type 1; Arcton 9; Chlorofluoromethane (CCl3F); Electro-CF 11; F 11B; Fluorochloroform; Fluorotrichloromethane; Freon MF; Freon 11; Frigen 11; Frigen 11A; FC 11; FC 11, Halocarbon; FKW 11; Genetron 11; Isceon 131; Isotron 11; Kaltron 11; Ledon 11; Monofluorotrichloromethane; Propellant 11; R 11; R 11, Halocarbon; Trichlorofluoromethane; CFCl3; Fluorocarbon 11; Triclorofluormethane; CCl3F; Khladon 11; F 11; Halon 11; Refrigerant 11; Daiflon S 1; Daiflon 11; Arcton 11; Frigen S 11; Refrigerant R11; Distillex DS6; Methane, fluorotrichloro-; Chladone 11; Dymel 11; F 11 (halocarbon); Fluon 11; Freon 11A; Trichloromethyl fluoride; Trichlorofluorocarbon; Genetron 11SBA; fluorotrichloromethane (Freon 11)
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -69.001 | kcal/mol | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
ΔfH°gas | -66.4 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | Cm | Baibuz, 1961 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -64.1 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Wartenberg and Schiefer, 1955 | Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -67. kcal/mol; ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -70. ± 4. | kcal/mol | Cm | Kirkbride and Davidson, 1954 | Von Wartenberg method; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas,1 bar | 74.030 | cal/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)
Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 +
E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 +
C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 −
E/(2*t2) + G
Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | 298. to 600. | 600. to 6000. |
---|---|---|
A | 8.142089 | 25.39900 |
B | 55.07431 | 0.297628 |
C | -69.18160 | -0.069945 |
D | 32.39121 | 0.005415 |
E | -0.055512 | -0.886731 |
F | -73.51451 | -79.32330 |
G | 69.93791 | 100.3520 |
H | -69.00010 | -69.00010 |
Reference | Chase, 1998 | Chase, 1998 |
Comment | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 | Data last reviewed in June, 1970 |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S°liquid | 53.920 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | Value for saturated liquid. |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
29.28 | 303.15 | Wirbser, Brauning, et al., 1992 | T = 288 to 503 K. p = 0.6 MPa. |
29.051 | 298.15 | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | T = 15 to 290 K. Value for saturated liquid. |
30.28 | 298.15 | Benning, McHarness, et al., 1940 | T = 261 to 347 K. Data calculated from equation. |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 296.9 | K | N/A | PCR Inc., 1990 | BS |
Tboil | 296.8 | K | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 162. | K | N/A | Wang, Adcock, et al., 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Tfus | 162.72 | K | N/A | Ott, Woodfield, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC |
Tfus | 162.7 | K | N/A | Guanquan, Ott, et al., 1986 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC |
Tfus | 165.4 | K | N/A | Martin, 1982 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Tfus | 162.67 | K | N/A | Ott, Goates, et al., 1964 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 162.6 ± 0.4 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 9 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 471.1 | K | N/A | Wang, Adcock, et al., 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tc | 471.15 | K | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC |
Tc | 471.15 | K | N/A | Okada, Uematsu, et al., 1986 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.04 K; Tc selected from literature to correlate density meas.; TRC |
Tc | 471.15 | K | N/A | Benning and McHarness, 1940 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; by visual observation of the meniscus; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 44.08 | atm | N/A | Wang, Adcock, et al., 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.12 atm; TRC |
Pc | 43.13 | atm | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.49 atm; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Vc | 0.247 | l/mol | N/A | Wang, Adcock, et al., 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.006 l/mol; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 4.151 | mol/l | N/A | Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.004 mol/l; ~; TRC |
ρc | 4.03 | mol/l | N/A | Okada, Uematsu, et al., 1986 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0403 mol/l; Density measured with magnetic densimeter. Tc, Dc selected from literature to correlate density measurements. R11; TRC |
ρc | 4.03 | mol/l | N/A | Benning and McHarness, 1940 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 mol/l; by extrapolation of rectilinear diameter to critical temp.; TRC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
6.0251 | 290.40 | N/A | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | P = 80.33 kPA.; DH |
6.81 | 228. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 213. to 301. K.; AC |
6.74 | 234. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 213. to 249. K.; AC |
6.12 | 310. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 295. to 363. K.; AC |
5.90 | 372. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 357. to 429. K.; AC |
6.00 | 439. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 424. to 468. K.; AC |
6.52 | 251. | N/A | Kudchadker, Kudchadker, et al., 1979 | Based on data from 237. to 293. K.; AC |
6.48 | 276. | N/A | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | Based on data from 237. to 293. K.; AC |
6.02 | 290. | C | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | AC |
6.31 | 259. | N/A | Benning and McHarness, 1940, 2 | Based on data from 244. to 334. K.; AC |
Entropy of vaporization
ΔvapS (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
20.75 | 290.40 | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | P; DH |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
236.48 to 293.04 | 4.02237 | 1051.836 | -35.287 | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
243.50 to 334.30 | 4.00876 | 1043.303 | -36.602 | Benning and McHarness, 1940, 2 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
1.6476 | 162.68 | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | DH |
1.6 | 162.7 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | AC |
1.888 | 165.4 | Martin, 1982, 2 | DH |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
10.13 | 162.68 | Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941 | DH |
11.4 | 165.4 | Martin, 1982, 2 | DH |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-1 | 470. | Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: -50. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 485. | Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.33 mm/0.25 μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: -50. C; Tend: 180. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB | 486. | Bramston-Cook, 2013 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min |
Capillary | BP-1 | 482. | Health Safety Executive, 2000 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Porapack Q | 460. | Zenkevich and Rodin, 2004 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 478. | Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 478. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 484. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 482. | Weller and Wolf, 1989 | 40. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 120 0C |
Capillary | OV-1 | 484. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 605. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Baibuz, 1961
Baibuz, V.F.,
Explosion method and heat of formation of CF4, CFCl, CFCl3, and CCl4,
Dokl. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1961, 140, 786-788, In original 1358. [all data]
Wartenberg and Schiefer, 1955
Wartenberg, H.V.; Schiefer, J.,
Bildungswarmen von fluor-chlor-kohlenstoff-verbindungen,
Z. Anorg. Chem., 1955, 278, 326-332. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Kirkbride and Davidson, 1954
Kirkbride, F.W.; Davidson, F.G.,
Heats of formation of gaseous fluoro- and fluorochloro-carbons,
Nature (London), 1954, 174, 79-80. [all data]
Osborne, Garner, et al., 1941
Osborne, D.W.; Garner, C.S.; Doescher, R.N.; Yost, D.M.,
The heat capacity, entropy, heats of fusion and vaporization and vapor pressure of fluorotrichloromethane,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1941, 63, 3496-3499. [all data]
Wirbser, Brauning, et al., 1992
Wirbser, H.; Brauning, G.; Ernst, G.,
Flow-calorimetric specific heat capacities of the refrigerants CFCl3 (R11) and CF2ClCFCl2 (R113) at pressures between 0.6 MPa and 30 MPa and temperatures between 288.15 and 503.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1992, 24, 783-784. [all data]
Benning, McHarness, et al., 1940
Benning, A.F.; McHarness, R.C.; Markwood, W.H., Jr.; Smith, W.J.,
Thermodynamic properties of fluorochloromethanes and -ethanes. Heat capacity of the liquid and vapor of three fluorochloromethanes and trifluorotrichloroethane,
Ind. and Eng. Chem., 1940, 32, 976-980. [all data]
PCR Inc., 1990
PCR Inc.,
Research Chemicals Catalog 1990-1991, PCR Inc., Gainesville, FL, 1990, 1. [all data]
Altunin, Geller, et al., 1987
Altunin, V.V.; Geller, V.Z.; Kremenvskaya, E.A.; Perel'shtein, I.I.; Petrov, E.K.,
Thermophysical Properties of Freons, Methane Ser. Part 2, Vol. 9, NSRDS-USSR, Selover, T. B., Ed., Hemisphere, New York, 1987. [all data]
Wang, Adcock, et al., 1991
Wang, B.H.; Adcock, J.L.; Mathur, S.B.; Van Hook, W.A.,
Vapor pressures, liquid molar volumes, vapor non-idealities, and critical properties of some fluorinated ethers: CF3OCF2OCF3, CF3OCF2CF2H, c-CF2CF2 CF2O, CF3OCF2H, and CF3OCH3; and of CCl3F and CF2CI,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1991, 23, 699-710. [all data]
Ott, Woodfield, et al., 1987
Ott, J.B.; Woodfield, B.F.; Guanquan, C.; Boerio-Goates, J.; Goates, J.R.,
(Solid + Liquid) Phase Equilibriain Acetonitrile + Tetrachloromethane, + Trichloromethane, + Trichlorofluoromethane, and + 1,1,1-Trichlorotrifluoromethane,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 177. [all data]
Guanquan, Ott, et al., 1986
Guanquan, C.; Ott, J.B.; Goates, J.R.,
(Solid+liquid) phase equilibria and solid-compound formation in 1,2-dimethoxyethane+tetrachloromethane, +trichlorofluoromethane, and +trichloromethane,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1986, 18, 31. [all data]
Martin, 1982
Martin, C.A.,
Specific heat anomalies in some organic compounds
in Therm. Anal., Proc. Int. Conf., 7th, 2, 1982. [all data]
Ott, Goates, et al., 1964
Ott, J.B.; Goates, J.R.; Mangelson, N.F.,
Solid compound formation in the ccl(4) mixtures of p-dioxane with ccl(4), cbrcl(3), and cfcl(3): solid-liquid phase equilibria in binary and cfcl(3) systems,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1964, 9, 203. [all data]
Okada, Uematsu, et al., 1986
Okada, M.; Uematsu, M.; Watanabe, K.,
Orthobaric liquid densities of trichloro-fluoromethane, dichlorodi-fluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, 1,1,2-trichlorotrifluoroethane, 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane, and of the azeotropic mixtur,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1986, 18, 527. [all data]
Benning and McHarness, 1940
Benning, A.F.; McHarness, R.C.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Fluorochloromethanes and -Ethanes densities and critical constants of three fluorochloromethanes and trifluorotrichloroethane,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1940, 32, 814. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Kudchadker, Kudchadker, et al., 1979
Kudchadker, A.P.; Kudchadker, S.A.; Shukla, R.P.; Patnaik, P.R.,
Vapor pressures and boiling points of selected halomethanes,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1979, 8, 2, 499, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555600
. [all data]
Benning and McHarness, 1940, 2
Benning, A.F.; McHarness, R.C.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Fluorochloromethanes and -Ethanes Vapor Pressure of Three Fluorochloromethanes and Trifluorotichloroethane,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1940, 32, 4, 497-499, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50364a011
. [all data]
Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Martin, 1982, 2
Martin, C.A.,
Specific heat anomalies in some organic compounds, Therm. Anal., Proc. Int. Conf.,
7th, 1982, 2, 829-835. [all data]
Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996
Helmig, D.; Pollock, W.; Greenberg, J.; Zimmerman, P.,
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of volatile organic trace gases at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii,
J. Geophys. Res., 1996, 101, D9, 14697-14710, https://doi.org/10.1029/96JD00212
. [all data]
Bramston-Cook, 2013
Bramston-Cook, R.,
Kovats indices for C2-C13 hydrocarbons and selected oxygenated/halocarbons with 100 % dimethylpolysiloxane columns, 2013, retrieved from http://lotusinstruments.com/monographs/List .... [all data]
Health Safety Executive, 2000
Health Safety Executive,
MDHS 96 Volatile organic compounds in air - Laboratory method using pumed solid sorbent tubes, solvent desorption and gas chromatography
in Methods for the Determination of Hazardous Substances (MDHS) guidance, Crown, Colegate, Norwich, 2000, 1-24, retrieved from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/mdhs/pdfs/mdhs96.pdf. [all data]
Zenkevich and Rodin, 2004
Zenkevich, I.G.; Rodin, A.A.,
Gas chromatographic identification of some volatile toxic fluorine containing compounds by precalculated retention indices,
J. Ecol. Chem. (Rus.), 2004, 13, 1, 22-28. [all data]
Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D.,
Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technicalseries1997-01-011.pdf. [all data]
Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J.,
Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning,
Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111
. [all data]
Weller and Wolf, 1989
Weller, J.-P.; Wolf, M.,
Massenspektroskopie und Headspace-GC,
Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 1989, 47, 525-532. [all data]
Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982
Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J.,
Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse,
J. Chromatogr., 1982, 240, 2, 423-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99622-5
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid Pc Critical pressure S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) S°liquid Entropy of liquid at standard conditions Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature Vc Critical volume ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapS Entropy of vaporization ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.