Oxygen

Formula: O₂
Molecular weight: 31.9988
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/O2/c1-2
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 7782-44-7
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Molecular oxygen; Oxygen molecule; Pure oxygen; O2; Liquid oxygen; UN 1072; UN 1073; Dioxygen
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 70
- Henry's Law data
- Gas phase ion energetics data
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Constants of diatomic molecules
- Fluid Properties
Data at other public NIST sites:
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_{gas,1 bar}	205.152 ± 0.005	J/mol*K	Review	Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984	CODATA Review value
S°_{gas,1 bar}	205.15	J/mol*K	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in March, 1977

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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View table.

Temperature (K)	100. to 700.	700. to 2000.	2000. to 6000.
A	31.32234	30.03235	20.91111
B	-20.23531	8.772972	10.72071
C	57.86644	-3.988133	-2.020498
D	-36.50624	0.788313	0.146449
E	-0.007374	-0.741599	9.245722
F	-8.903471	-11.32468	5.337651
G	246.7945	236.1663	237.6185
H	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reference	Chase, 1998	Chase, 1998	Chase, 1998
Comment	Data last reviewed in March, 1977; New parameter fit January 2009	Data last reviewed in March, 1977; New parameter fit January 2009	Data last reviewed in March, 1977; New parameter fit January 2009

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	90.2	K	N/A	Streng, 1971	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	54.8	K	N/A	Streng, 1971	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	54.33	K	N/A	Henning and Otto, 1936	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.06 K; temperature measured with He gas thermometer; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	154.58	K	N/A	Pentermann and Wagner, 1978	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0015 K; TRC
T_c	154.58	K	N/A	Wagner, Ewers, et al., 1976	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0015 K; TRC
T_c	155.15	K	N/A	Cardoso, 1915	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; 4 determinations with same result; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	50.43	bar	N/A	Wagner, Ewers, et al., 1976	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 bar; Vapour-pressure measurements give pc=5.04332 MPa at Tc from L.A.Weber, 1970 PRT, IPTS-68, PP+ differential pressure transducer.; TRC
P_c	50.0343	bar	N/A	Cardoso, 1915	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3039 bar; TRC
P_c	49.9228	bar	N/A	Cardoso, 1915	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3039 bar; TRC
P_c	49.8519	bar	N/A	Cardoso, 1915	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3039 bar; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
ρ_c	13.60	mol/l	N/A	Pentermann and Wagner, 1978	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.014 mol/l; from density measurements 65 to 300 K, Tc from Weber, 1970; TRC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
54.36 to 100.16	3.85845	325.675	-5.667	Brower and Thodos, 1968	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
54.36 to 154.33	3.9523	340.024	-4.144	Brower and Thodos, 1968	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O₂^- + O₂ = (O₂^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	130.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Nesbit, 1968	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	13. ± 4.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1888	gas phase; see also Sherwood, Hanold, et al., 1996. Aquino, Taylor, et al., 2001 calns indicate rectangular anion; B
Δ_rG°	23. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	IMRE	Payzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	13. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	IMRE	Pack and Phelps, 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	16.7 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	IMRE	Parkes, 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	16. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Conway and Nesbit, 1968	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
15.	300.	DT	Pack and Phelps, 1971	gas phase; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O₂⁺ + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41. ± 5.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	104.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Durden, Kebarle, et al., 1969	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	86.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Yang and Conway, 1964	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
16.	300.	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1981	gas phase; M
14.	300.	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1980	gas phase; M
14.	296.	FA	Howard, Bierbaum, et al., 1972	gas phase; M
25.	200.	FA	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	13.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	76.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
4.6	105.	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 7 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 8 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 7N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 8N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	6.40	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	74.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	75.3	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

O^- + Oxygen = (O^- • Oxygen )

By formula: O^- + O₂ = (O^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	130.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Hiller and Vestal, 1981	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle, Δ_rH<; M
Δ_rH°	163.	kJ/mol	PES	Novich, Engelking, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle, from EA(O3), D(O-O2) AND EA(O); M
Δ_rH°	160.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Cosby, Moseley, et al., 1978	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	180.	kJ/mol	CID	Lifschitz, Wu, et al., 1978	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	25. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	28.7 ± 0.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	133.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	29. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	28.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	96.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	10.3 ± 0.75	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.4 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	10.6 ± 0.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	8. ± 3.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	71.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

O₃^- + Oxygen = (O₃^- • Oxygen )

By formula: O₃^- + O₂ = (O₃^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.79 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	79.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-15.1 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: NO^- + O₂ = (NO^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.1 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	60.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
-2.	200.	FA	Dunkin, Fehsenfeld, et al., 1971	gas phase; DG>; M

( • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 6O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.86	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	67.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 7 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 8 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 7O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 8O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.61	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • Oxygen ) + = ( • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂⁺ • N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.	kJ/mol	HPMS	Speller and Fitaire, 1983	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	42.3	J/mol*K	HPMS	Speller and Fitaire, 1983	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(H₃⁺ • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (H₃⁺ • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (H₃⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (H₃⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M

(O₃^- • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (O₃^- • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₃^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.44	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Δ_rH, Δ_rS approximate; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	68.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Δ_rH, Δ_rS approximate; M

H₃⁺ + Oxygen = (H₃⁺ • Oxygen )

By formula: H₃⁺ + O₂ = (H₃⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	52.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M

(O₂S^- • 2 • Oxygen ) + = (O₂S^- • 3 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂S^- • 2O₂S • O₂) + O₂S = (O₂S^- • 3O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	15.1 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	6. ± 13.	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

(O₂S^- • • Oxygen ) + = (O₂S^- • 2 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂S^- • O₂S • O₂) + O₂S = (O₂S^- • 2O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	19.2 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	10. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

(O₃S^- • • Oxygen ) + = (O₃S^- • 2 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃S^- • O₂S • O₂) + O₂S = (O₃S^- • 2O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	23.8 ± 2.5	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	15. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O⁺ + O₂ = (O⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	179.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Hiller and Vestal, 1982	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	200.	kJ/mol	PI	Linn, Ono, et al., 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	209.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Mosely, Ozenne, et al., 1981	gas phase; M

(O₃S^- • Oxygen ) + = (O₃S^- • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃S^- • O₂) + O₂S = (O₃S^- • O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	27.2 ± 3.3	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	18. ± 9.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

(O₂S^- • Oxygen ) + = (O₂S^- • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂S^- • O₂) + O₂S = (O₂S^- • O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.0 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	26. ± 9.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

( • 2 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 3 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 2N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 3N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.3 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	76.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 3 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 4 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 3N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 4N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 4 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 5 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 4N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 5N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.1 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	81.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 5 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 6 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 5N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 6N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.6 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	81.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 6 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 7 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 6N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 7N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.1 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • • Oxygen ) + = ( • 2 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 2N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.7 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	74.9	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.8 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	65.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.2 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	67.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.8 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	80.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.1 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	65.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 3O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 4O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	91.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 5O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	93.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 6O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 7 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 8 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 7O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 8O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 8 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 9 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 8O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 9O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	86.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • Oxygen ) + = (HO₂⁺ • • Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • O₂) + H₂ = (HO₂⁺ • H₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	17.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	71.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + = ( • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	69.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

2 + Oxygen = 2

By formula: 2C₂H₆S + O₂ = 2C₂H₆OS

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-277.7 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Cm	Douglas, 1946	liquid phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -278.3 ± 0.8 kJ/mol; At 291°K; ALS

= + 0.5 Oxygen

By formula: C₂H₆O₂S = C₂H₆OS + 0.5O₂

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	243.3 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	Cm	Douglas, 1946	liquid phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 246.9 ± 0.8 kJ/mol; At 291°K; ALS

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	64.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.4 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	64.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 5O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	67.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 5O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	90.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 6O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 2.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	91.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: Ca⁺ + O₂ = (Ca⁺ • O₂)

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
25.	296.	FA	Spears and Fehsenfeld, 1972	gas phase; M

HO₂⁺ + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • Oxygen )

By formula: HO₂⁺ + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	83.7	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	29. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	28.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	96.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	13.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	76.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
4.6	105.	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(HO₂⁺ • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 3O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 4O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	91.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 5O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	93.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 6O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	94.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 7 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 8 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 7O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 8O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 8 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 9 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 8O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 9O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	86.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

H₃⁺ + Oxygen = (H₃⁺ • Oxygen )

By formula: H₃⁺ + O₂ = (H₃⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	52.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	82.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M

(H₃⁺ • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (H₃⁺ • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (H₃⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (H₃⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48.1	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: Li⁺ + O₂ = (Li⁺ • O₂)

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
18.	319.	DT	Colonna-Romano and Keller, 1976	gas phase; low E/N; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: NO^- + O₂ = (NO^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.1 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	60.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
-2.	200.	FA	Dunkin, Fehsenfeld, et al., 1971	gas phase; DG>; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.1 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	65.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.8 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	65.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.2 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	67.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.8 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	80.3	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: Na⁺ + O₂ = (Na⁺ • O₂)

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.8	310.	DT	Keller and Beyer, 1971	gas phase; low E/N; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O⁺ + O₂ = (O⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	179.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Hiller and Vestal, 1982	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	200.	kJ/mol	PI	Linn, Ono, et al., 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	209.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Mosely, Ozenne, et al., 1981	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (O⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (O⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	29.	kJ/mol	PI	Linn, Ono, et al., 1981	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.	kJ/mol	PI	Linn, Ono, et al., 1981	gas phase; M

O^- + Oxygen = (O^- • Oxygen )

By formula: O^- + O₂ = (O^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	130.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Hiller and Vestal, 1981	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle, Δ_rH<; M
Δ_rH°	163.	kJ/mol	PES	Novich, Engelking, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle, from EA(O3), D(O-O2) AND EA(O); M
Δ_rH°	160.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Cosby, Moseley, et al., 1978	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	180.	kJ/mol	CID	Lifschitz, Wu, et al., 1978	gas phase; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O₂⁺ + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	41. ± 5.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	104.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	84.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Durden, Kebarle, et al., 1969	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	86.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Yang and Conway, 1964	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
16.	300.	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1981	gas phase; M
14.	300.	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1980	gas phase; M
14.	296.	FA	Howard, Bierbaum, et al., 1972	gas phase; M
25.	200.	FA	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	25. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	28.7 ± 0.3	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	110.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	133.0	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.4 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	10.6 ± 0.4	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	78.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	82.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	10.3 ± 0.75	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	88.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	8. ± 3.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	71.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 5O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	90.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 6O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 2.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	91.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 7 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 8 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 7O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 8O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.61	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	92.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O₂^- + O₂ = (O₂^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	48. ± 20.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	130.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Nesbit, 1968	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	13. ± 4.6	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1888	gas phase; see also Sherwood, Hanold, et al., 1996. Aquino, Taylor, et al., 2001 calns indicate rectangular anion; B
Δ_rG°	23. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	IMRE	Payzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	13. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	IMRE	Pack and Phelps, 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	16.7 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	IMRE	Parkes, 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	16. ± 4.2	kJ/mol	TDAs	Conway and Nesbit, 1968	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
15.	300.	DT	Pack and Phelps, 1971	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.5 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	87.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.0 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	89.1	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	64.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.4 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	64.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 5O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	67.8	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 6O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.86	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	67.	J/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

O₃^- + Oxygen = (O₃^- • Oxygen )

By formula: O₃^- + O₂ = (O₃^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.79 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	79.5	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-15.1 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

(O₃^- • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (O₃^- • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃^- • O₂) + O₂ = (O₃^- • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.5 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	81.2	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

(O₃^- • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (O₃^- • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₃^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	83.7	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

(O₃^- • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (O₃^- • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₃^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7. ± 1.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	64.4	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

(O₃^- • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (O₃^- • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₃^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.44	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Δ_rH, Δ_rS approximate; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	68.6	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Δ_rH, Δ_rS approximate; M

O₄^- + + Oxygen = N₂O₄^-

By formula: O₄^- + N₂ + O₂ = N₂O₄^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.1 ± 0.84	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-8.8 ± 2.1	kJ/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Notes

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Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

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Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

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Streng, A.G., Miscibility and Compatibility of Some Liquid and Solidified Gases at Low Temperature, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 357. [all data]

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Henning, F.; Otto, J., Vapor pressure curves and triple points in the temperature region from 14 to 90 k, Phys. Z., 1936, 37, 633-8. [all data]

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Pentermann, W.; Wagner, W., New pressure-density-temperature measurements and new rational equations for the saturated liquid and vapor densities of oxygen, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1978, 10, 1161-1172. [all data]

Wagner, Ewers, et al., 1976
Wagner, W.; Ewers, J.; Pentermann, W., A New Vapor-Pressure Measurement and a New Rational Vapor-Pressure Equation for Oxygen, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1976, 8, 1049. [all data]

Cardoso, 1915
Cardoso, E., Study of the Critical Point of Several Difficultly LIquifiable Gases: Nitrogen, Carbon Monoxide, Oxygen and Methane, J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 1915, 13, 312. [all data]

Brower and Thodos, 1968
Brower, G.T.; Thodos, G., Vapor Pressures of Liquid Oxygen Between the Triple Point and Critical Point, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1968, 13, 2, 262-264, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60037a038 . [all data]

Hiraoka, 1988
Hiraoka, K., A Determination of the Stabilities of O2+(O2)n and O2-(O2)n with n = 1 - 8 from Measurements of the Gas-Phase Ion Equilibria, J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 5, 3190, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.454976 . [all data]

Conway and Nesbit, 1968
Conway, D.C.; Nesbit, L.E., Stability of O₄^-, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 1, 509, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1667956 . [all data]

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Hiraoka, K., A Determination of the Stability of O₂⁺(O₂)n and O₂^-(O₂)n with n=1-8 from Measurements of the Gas Phase Ion Equilibria, J. Chem. Phys., 1888, 89, 5, 3190, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.454976 . [all data]

Sherwood, Hanold, et al., 1996
Sherwood, C.R.; Hanold, K.A.; Garner, M.C.; Strong, K.M.; Continetti, R.E., Translational Spectroscopy Studies of the Photodissociation Dynamics of O4-, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 24, 10803, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.472888 . [all data]

Aquino, Taylor, et al., 2001
Aquino, A.J.A.; Taylor, P.R.; Walch, S.P., Structure, properties, and photodissociation of O-4(-), J. Chem. Phys., 2001, 114, 7, 3010-3017, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1288379 . [all data]

Payzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972
Payzant J.D.; Kebarle, P., Kinetics and Reactions Leading to O2-(H2O)n in Moist Oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 56, 7, 3482, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1677723 . [all data]

Pack and Phelps, 1971
Pack, J.L.; Phelps, A.V., Hydration of Oxygen Negative Ions, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 1971, 16, 214. [all data]

Parkes, 1971
Parkes, D.A., Electron Attachment and Negative Ion-Molecule Reactions in Pure O₂, Trans. Farad. Soc., 1971, 97, 711, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9716700711 . [all data]

Conway and Janik, 1970
Conway, D.C.; Janik, G.S., Determination of the Bond Energies for the Series O2 - O2+ through O2 - O10+, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 5, 1859, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674262 . [all data]

Durden, Kebarle, et al., 1969
Durden, D.A.; Kebarle, P.; Good, A., Thermal Ion-Molecule Reaction Rate Constants at Pressures up to 10 torr with a Pulsed Mass Spectrometer. Reactions in Methane, Krypton, and Oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 2, 805, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1671133 . [all data]

Yang and Conway, 1964
Yang, J.H.; Conway, D.C., Bonding in Ion Clusters. I. O4+, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 40, 6, 1729, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1725389 . [all data]

Rakshit and Warneck, 1981
Rakshit, A.B.; Warneck, P., Formation and Reactions of O2+.CO2, O2+.H2O and O2+(CO2)2 Ions, Int. J. Mass Spectrom Ion Phys., 1981, 40, 2, 135, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(81)80037-X . [all data]

Rakshit and Warneck, 1980
Rakshit, A.B.; Warneck, P., A Drift Chamber Study of the Formation of Water Cluster Ions in Oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1980, 73, 10, 5074, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.439985 . [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References

Symbols used in this document:

P_c	Critical pressure
S°_{gas,1 bar}	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
T	Temperature
T_boil	Boiling point
T_c	Critical temperature
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
ρ_c	Critical density

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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