Phenanthrene, 9,10-dihydro-
- Formula: C14H12
- Molecular weight: 180.2451
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C14H12/c1-3-7-13-11(5-1)9-10-12-6-2-4-8-14(12)13/h1-8H,9-10H2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XXPBFNVKTVJZKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 776-35-2
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 9,10-Dihydrophenanthrene
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°gas | 37.07 ± 0.38 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | Hfusion=12.79 kJ/mol; ALS |
| ΔfH°gas | 36.96 ± 0.38 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Shaw, David, et al., 1977 | Unpublished W.D.Good; ALS |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
| Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.82 | 50. | Dorofeeva O.V., 1988 | Recommended values were calculated statistically mechanically using force field approximation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to estimate the needed vibrational frequencies (see also [ Dorofeeva O.V., 1986]). These functions are reproduced in the reference book [ Frenkel M., 1994].; GT |
| 16.21 | 100. | ||
| 22.65 | 150. | ||
| 30.079 | 200. | ||
| 42.089 | 273.15 | ||
| 46.30 ± 0.24 | 298.15 | ||
| 46.611 | 300. | ||
| 62.679 | 400. | ||
| 76.346 | 500. | ||
| 87.424 | 600. | ||
| 96.377 | 700. | ||
| 103.70 | 800. | ||
| 109.76 | 900. | ||
| 114.83 | 1000. | ||
| 119.11 | 1100. | ||
| 122.73 | 1200. | ||
| 125.83 | 1300. | ||
| 128.48 | 1400. | ||
| 130.76 | 1500. |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°solid | 15.8 ± 0.29 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | Hfusion=12.79 kJ/mol; ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔcH°solid | -1742.45 ± 0.24 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | Hfusion=12.79 kJ/mol; Corresponding ΔfHºsolid = 15.85 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| S°solid,1 bar | 54.802 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Chirico, Hossenloop, et al., 1987 | DH |
| S°solid,1 bar | 54.83 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
| Cp,solid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 58.098 | 298.15 | Chirico, Hossenloop, et al., 1987 | T = 10 to 350 K.; DH |
| 58.27 | 298.15 | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | T = 10 to 350 K.; DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tfus | 308. | K | N/A | Anonymous, 1969 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC |
| Tfus | 370. | K | N/A | Parks and Huffman, 1931 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
| Tfus | 370. | K | N/A | Padoa, 1919 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| Ttriple | 306.51 | K | N/A | Chirico, Gammon, et al., 1994 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC |
| Ttriple | 306.5200 | K | N/A | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979, 2 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.002 K; by extraplation of 1/f to zero; TRC |
| Ttriple | 306.52 | K | N/A | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979, 2 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; by extraplation of 1/f to zero; TRC |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔvapH° | 18.3 ± 0.02 | kcal/mol | IP | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | Based on data from 353. to 418. K.; AC |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔsubH° | 21.2 | kcal/mol | N/A | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | DRB |
Reduced pressure boiling point
| Tboil (K) | Pressure (atm) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 441.7 | 0.020 | Weast and Grasselli, 1989 | BS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
| ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15.3 | 432. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 417. to 453. K.; AC |
| 17.3 ± 0.1 | 340. | IP | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | Based on data from 353. to 418. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of fusion
| ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.0569 | 306.52 | N/A | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | DH |
| 3.06 | 306.5 | AC | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | See also Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979.; AC |
Entropy of fusion
| ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9.974 | 306.52 | Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979 | DH |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | OV-1 | 160. | 1666. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 175. | 1668. | Bredael, 1982 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1689.3 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1688.6 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1673.5 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1689.8 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1699.5 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 1685.4 | Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 1700.3 | Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1673.5 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1689.8 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1699.5 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1689.3 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 1688.6 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 310. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Packed | Polydimethyl siloxane | 183. | 1697. | Ferrand, 1962 |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 1664. | Elizalde-González, Hutfliess, et al., 1996 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, H2, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 35. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-5 | 286.8 | Durlak, Biswas, et al., 1998 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 15. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 287.0 | Durlak, Biswas, et al., 1998 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 15. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 287.33 | Guillén, Blanco, et al., 1989 | 20. m/0.22 mm/0.20 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Capillary | SE-52 | 286.40 | Hasegawa, Muragishi, et al., 1988 | 3. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 130. C; Tend: 260. C |
| Capillary | SE-52 | 287.09 | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 | 12. m/0.3 mm/0.34 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-5 | 288.6 | Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007 | Column length: 60. m; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | LM-5 | 287.86 | Ré-Poppi and Santiago-Silva, 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 15C/min => 180C => 5C/min => 280C(5min) |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 286.22 | Guillen, Iglesias, et al., 1992 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-52 | 287.09 | Shlyakhov, 1984 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979
Lee-Bechtold, S.H.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Scott, D.W.; Osborn, A.G.; Good, W.D.,
A comprehensive thermodynamic study of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1979, 11, 469-482. [all data]
Shaw, David, et al., 1977
Shaw, R.G.; David, M.; Benson, S.W.,
Thermochemistry of some six-membered cyclic and polycyclic compounds related to coal,
J. Phys. Chem., 1977, 81, 1716-1729. [all data]
Dorofeeva O.V., 1988
Dorofeeva O.V.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Gaseous Phase. Institute for High Temperatures, USSR Academy of Sciences, Preprint No.1-238 (in Russian), Moscow, 1988. [all data]
Dorofeeva O.V., 1986
Dorofeeva O.V.,
On calculation of thermodynamic properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
Thermochim. Acta, 1986, 102, 59-66. [all data]
Frenkel M., 1994
Frenkel M.,
Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State, Vol. I, II, Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, Texas, 1994, 1994. [all data]
Chirico, Hossenloop, et al., 1987
Chirico, R.D.; Hossenloop, I.A.; Nguyen, A.; Strube, M.M.; Steele, W.V.,
Thermodynamic studies related to the hydrogenation of phenanthrene,
NIPER Report, 1987, 247, 107p. [all data]
Anonymous, 1969
Anonymous, R.,
Freon Fluorocarbons - properties and applications, E. I. Du Pont, Freon Product Information, B-2, 1969. [all data]
Parks and Huffman, 1931
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.,
Some fusion and transition data for hydrocarbons,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1931, 23, 1138-9. [all data]
Padoa, 1919
Padoa, M.,
Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei, Cl. Sci. Fis., Mat. Nat., Rend., 1919, 28, 239. [all data]
Chirico, Gammon, et al., 1994
Chirico, R.D.; Gammon, B.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Steele, W.V.,
Heat capacities of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthrene at temp. between 5 K and 430 K and revised heat capacities of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene beaween 10 K and 350 K,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1994, 26, 469-81. [all data]
Lee-Bechtold, Hossenlopp, et al., 1979, 2
Lee-Bechtold, S.H.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Scott, D.W.; Osborn, A.G.; Good, W.D.,
A Comprehensive Thermodynamic Study of 9,10-Dihydrophenanthrene,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1979, 11, 469. [all data]
Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997
Zhang, M.; Chen, B.; Shen, S.; Chen, S.,
Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by g.c.-FT-i.r. analysis of middle oil fractions,
Fuel, 1997, 76, 5, 415-423, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(97)85518-4
. [all data]
Bredael, 1982
Bredael, P.,
Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1982, 5, 6, 325-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050610
. [all data]
Song, Lai, et al., 2003
Song, C.; Lai, W.-C.; Madhusudan Reddy, K.; Wei, B.,
Chapter 7. Temperature-programmed retention indices for GC and GC-MS of hydrocarbon fuels and simulated distillation GC of heavy oils
in Analytical advances for hydrocarbon research, Hsu,C.S., ed(s)., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, 147-193. [all data]
Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000
Zhang, M.-J.; Shen, S.-D.; Chen, S.-Y.; Sun, Y.-H.,
Analysis of heavy oil fractions in high-temperature coal tar by capillary gas chromatography/fourier transform infrared spectrometry,
Chin. J. Chromatogr., 2000, 18, 3, 241-246. [all data]
Lai and Song, 1995
Lai, W.-C.; Song, C.,
Temperature-programmed retention indices for g.c. and g.c.-m.s. analysis of coal- and petroleum-derived liquid fuels,
Fuel, 1995, 74, 10, 1436-1451, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(95)00108-H
. [all data]
Ferrand, 1962
Ferrand, R.,
Gas phase chromatography using retention indices for the analysis of tars and their hydrogenation products,
Journees internationales d'etude des methodes de separation immediate at de chromatographie; Org. sur l'initiative du IX., 1962, 132-140. [all data]
Elizalde-González, Hutfliess, et al., 1996
Elizalde-González, M.P.; Hutfliess, M.; Hedden, K.,
Retention index system, adsorption characteristics, and sructure correlations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fuels,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1996, 19, 6, 345-352, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240190608
. [all data]
Durlak, Biswas, et al., 1998
Durlak, S.K.; Biswas, P.; Shi, J.; Bernhard, M.J.,
Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon particulate and gaseous emissions from polystyrene combustion,
Environ. Sci. Technol., 1998, 32, 15, 2301-2307, https://doi.org/10.1021/es9709031
. [all data]
Guillén, Blanco, et al., 1989
Guillén, M.D.; Blanco, J.; Bermejo, J.; Blanco, C.G.,
Temperature programmed retention indices of some PAHs on Capillary columns coated with OV-1701 and SE-54,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1989, 12, 8, 552-554, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240120816
. [all data]
Hasegawa, Muragishi, et al., 1988
Hasegawa, K.; Muragishi, T.; Usami, S.,
Component analysis of coal-derivated heavy oil. Analysis of carcinogenic components in neutral nonpolar fractions,
Nippon Kagaku Kaishi, 1988, 3, 3, 311-320, https://doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1988.311
. [all data]
Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979
Lee, M.L.; Vassilaros, D.L.; White, C.M.; Novotny, M.,
Retention Indices for Programmed-Temperature Capillary-Column Gas Chromatography of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
Anal. Chem., 1979, 51, 6, 768-773, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50042a043
. [all data]
Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007
Fuentes, M.J.; Font, R.; Gomez-Rico, M.F.; Martin-Gullon, I.,
Pyrolysis and combustion of waste lubricant oil from diesel cars: Decomposition and pollutants,
J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2007, 79, 1-2, 215-226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2006.12.004
. [all data]
Ré-Poppi and Santiago-Silva, 2002
Ré-Poppi, N.; Santiago-Silva, M.R.,
Identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and methoxylated phenols in wood smoke emitted during production of charcoal,
Chromatographia, 2002, 55, 7/8, 475-481, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02492280
. [all data]
Guillen, Iglesias, et al., 1992
Guillen, M.D.; Iglesias, M.J.; Dominguez, A.; Blanco, C.G.,
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon retention indices on SE-54 stationary phase of the volatile components of a coal tar pitch. Relationships between chromatographic retention and thermal reactivity,
J. Chromatogr., 1992, 591, 1-2, 287-295, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80246-Q
. [all data]
Shlyakhov, 1984
Shlyakhov, A.F.,
Gas chromatography in organic geochemistry, Nedra, Moscow, 1984, 221. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid S°solid,1 bar Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar) Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.