Barbital

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Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus463.KN/AKuffner, Bush, et al., 1957Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 4. K; not clear that this was measured by author; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub28.0 ± 0.1kcal/molMERibeiro da Silva, Ribeiro da Silva, et al., 2009Based on data from 355. to 377. K.; AC

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
27.2 ± 0.1366.MERibeiro da Silva, Ribeiro da Silva, et al., 2009Based on data from 355. to 377. K.; AC

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
5.93462.DSCRibeiro da Silva, Ribeiro da Silva, et al., 2009AC
5.970462.6N/AChauvet, De Maury, et al., 1986AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryBP-1130.1461.Japp, Gill, et al., 198725. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, N2
CapillaryBP-1130.1478.Japp, Gill, et al., 198725. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, N2
PackedSE-30200.1482.Stead, Gill, et al., 1982 
PackedOV-1200.1480.Berninger and Möller, 1977 
PackedOV-101200.1480.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1480.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1500.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1500.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101150.1481.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101190.1496.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101230.1519.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedSE-301500.Maurer, 1990N2, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min
PackedSE-301500.Maurer, 1990N2, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min
CapillarySE-301467.Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 198212. m/0.22 mm/0.45 μm, He, 120. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 300. C @ 12. min
CapillarySE-301469.Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 198225. m/0.49 mm/1.14 μm, 100. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 275. C @ 15. min

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedOV-11480.Berninger, Grunnagel, et al., 1975N2, Chromosorb G, AW-DMCS; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified
PackedOV-11480.Berninger, Grunnagel, et al., 1975N2, Chromosorb G, AW-DMCS; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-11497.Christ, Noomano, et al., 198830. m/0.75 mm/1.0 μm, He, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 12. min; Tstart: 160. C
CapillaryCBP-11457.Oyama, Sano, et al., 1987N2, 6. K/min; Column length: 12. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-11465.Perrigo, Peel, et al., 198515. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone1462.0Newton and Foery, 198412. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 300. C @ 3. min
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane1510.0Newton and Foery, 198412. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 300. C @ 3. min
CapillaryDB-11465.Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 198415. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C
PackedSE-301490.Perrigo and Peel, 1981N2, Chromosorb W, 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 1.8 m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryVF-5MS1536.9Tret'yakov, 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: Multi-step temperature program; T(initial)=60C; T(final)=270C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB1495.Aderjan and Bogusz, 198810. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, He; Program: 100 0C (2 min ) 15 0C/min -> 200 0C 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (8 min hold)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedOV-101180.1473.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1480.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1495.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBP-11465.MHA, 9999Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryOV-11497.Schutz and Wollrab A., 198816. K/min; Tstart: 200. C; Tend: 280. C
PackedOV-11500.Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982Gas Chrom P, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 200. C
PackedSE-301480.Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982Gas Chrom P, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 200. C
PackedSE-301490.Peel and Perrigo, 1976Nitrogen, Chromosorb W AW DMS (80-100 mesh), 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 2. m
PackedSE-301490.Peel and Perrigo, 1975N2, Chromosorb W AW DMS, 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 2. m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
OtherMethyl Silicone1497.Ardrey and Moffat, 1981Program: not specified
PackedOV-1011482.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified
PackedOV-1011495.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Kuffner, Bush, et al., 1957
Kuffner, R.J.; Bush, M.T.; Bircher, L.J., Studies on the surface tension of aqueous barbituric acid solutions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1587-1589. [all data]

Ribeiro da Silva, Ribeiro da Silva, et al., 2009
Ribeiro da Silva, Maria das Dores M.C.; Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Freitas, Vera L.S.; Roux, Maria Victoria; Jiménez, Pilar; Temprado, Manuel; Dávalos, Juan Z.; Cabildo, Pilar; Claramunt, Rosa M.; Elguero, José, Structural studies of cyclic ureas: 3. Enthalpy of formation of barbital, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2009, 41, 12, 1400-1407, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2009.06.018 . [all data]

Chauvet, De Maury, et al., 1986
Chauvet, A.; De Maury, G.; Terol, A.; Masse, J., Etude thermoanalytique de substances psychotropes, Thermochimica Acta, 1986, 97, 143-159, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(86)87015-0 . [all data]

Japp, Gill, et al., 1987
Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 1987, 32, 6, 1574-1586. [all data]

Stead, Gill, et al., 1982
Stead, A.H.; Gill, R.; Evans, A.T.; Moffat, A.C., Predictions of gas chromatographic retention characteristics of barbiturates from molecular structure, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 234, 2, 277-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81866-X . [all data]

Berninger and Möller, 1977
Berninger, H.; Möller, M.R., Retentionsindices zur gaschromatographischen Identifizierung von Arzneimitteln, Arch. Toxicol., 1977, 37, 4, 295-305, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00330821 . [all data]

Möller, 1976
Möller, M.R., Comparability of retention indices of polar substances at elevated temperatures, Chromatographia, 1976, 9, 7, 311-314, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268832 . [all data]

Maurer, 1990
Maurer, H.H., Identification and differentiation of barbiturates, other sedative-hypnotics and their metabolites in urine integrated in a general screening procedure using computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 1990, 530, 307-326, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)82334-8 . [all data]

Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 1982
Schepers, P.; Wijsbeek, J.; Franke, J.P.; de Zeeuw, R.A., Applicability of capillary gas chromatography to substance identification in toxicology by means of retention indices, J. Forensic Sci., 1982, 27, 1, 49-60. [all data]

Berninger, Grunnagel, et al., 1975
Berninger, H.; Grunnagel, R.; Mall, S.; Moller, M.R., Gas chromatographic identification of unknown substances from body fluids by menas of retention indices, Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 1975, 33, 185-191. [all data]

Christ, Noomano, et al., 1988
Christ, D.W.; Noomano, P.; Rosas, M.; Rhone, D., Retention indices by wide-bore capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1988, 12, 2, 84-88, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/12.2.84 . [all data]

Oyama, Sano, et al., 1987
Oyama, N.; Sano, T.; Syoyama, M.; Maeda, K., Studies on systematic analysis of poisonous compounds in forensic chemistry. II. Application of capillary column gas chromatography to substance identification by means of retention indices, Eisei Kagaku, 1987, 33, 5, 342-348, https://doi.org/10.1248/jhs1956.33.342 . [all data]

Perrigo, Peel, et al., 1985
Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W.; Ballantyne, D.J., Use of Dual-Column Fused-Silica Capillary Gas Chromatography in Combination with Detector Response Factors for Analytical Toxicology., J. Chromatogr., 1985, 341, 81-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)84011-6 . [all data]

Newton and Foery, 1984
Newton, B.; Foery, R.F., Retention indices and dual capillary gas chromatography for rapid identification of sedative hypnotic drugs in emergency toxicology, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1984, 8, 3, 129-134, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/8.3.129 . [all data]

Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984
Perrigo, B.J.; Ballantyne, D.J.; Peel, H.W., Condierations in developing a data base for drugs on a DBI capillary column, J. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci., 1984, 17, 2, 41-49, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1984.10757360 . [all data]

Perrigo and Peel, 1981
Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W., The use of retention indices and temperature-programmed gas chromatography in analytical toxicology, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1981, 19, 5, 219-226, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/19.5.219 . [all data]

Tret'yakov, 2008
Tret'yakov, K.V., Retention Data. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center., NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 2008. [all data]

Aderjan and Bogusz, 1988
Aderjan, R.; Bogusz, M., Nitroalkanes as a multidetector retention index scale for drug identification in gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1988, 454, 345-351, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)88629-X . [all data]

Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978
Dubsky, H.; Hána, K.; Komárková, M.; Rittich, B., Pouzití kovatsovych indexu pri toxikologickych analysách, Chem. Listy, 1978, 72, 980-984. [all data]

MHA, 9999
MHA, Directorate of ForensicScience., Forensic Toxicology, 9999. [all data]

Schutz and Wollrab A., 1988
Schutz, H.; Wollrab A., The significance of the retention index in toxicologic analysis II, Pharmazie in unzerer Zeit, 1988, 17, 4, 97-101. [all data]

Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982
Marozzi, E.; Gambaro, V.; Saligari, E.; Mariani, R.; Lodi, F., Use of the retention index in gas chromatographic studies of drugs, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1982, 6, 4, 185-192, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/6.4.185 . [all data]

Peel and Perrigo, 1976
Peel, H.W.; Perrigo, B., A practical gas chromatographic screening procedure for toxicological analysis, Can. Soc. Forens. Sci. J., 1976, 9, 2, 69-74, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1976.10757247 . [all data]

Peel and Perrigo, 1975
Peel, H.W.; Perrigo, B., A practical gas chromatographic screening procedure for toxicological analysis, Can.Soc.Forens.Sci.J., 1975, 9, 2, 69-74, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1976.10757247 . [all data]

Ardrey and Moffat, 1981
Ardrey, R.E.; Moffat, A.C., Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 1318 substances of toxicological interest on SE-30 or OV-1 stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 1981, 220, 3, 195-252, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81925-1 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References