Oxygen

Formula: O₂
Molecular weight: 31.9988
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/O2/c1-2
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 7782-44-7
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Molecular oxygen; Oxygen molecule; Pure oxygen; O2; Liquid oxygen; UN 1072; UN 1073; Dioxygen
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Gas phase thermochemistry data
- Phase change data
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 70
- Henry's Law data
- Gas phase ion energetics data
- Ion clustering data
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- Fluid Properties
Data at other public NIST sites:
Options:
- Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Constants of diatomic molecules, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O₂^- + O₂ = (O₂^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12. ± 4.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	32.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Nesbit, 1968	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	3.2 ± 1.1	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1888	gas phase; see also Sherwood, Hanold, et al., 1996. Aquino, Taylor, et al., 2001 calns indicate rectangular anion; B
Δ_rG°	5.4 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Payzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	3.2 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Pack and Phelps, 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	4.00 ± 0.50	kcal/mol	IMRE	Parkes, 1971	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	3.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Conway and Nesbit, 1968	gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
3.5	300.	DT	Pack and Phelps, 1971	gas phase; M

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O₂⁺ + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10. ± 1.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 5 out of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	25.02	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Durden, Kebarle, et al., 1969	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	20.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yang and Conway, 1964	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
3.8	300.	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1981	gas phase; M
3.3	300.	DT	Rakshit and Warneck, 1980	gas phase; M
3.4	296.	FA	Howard, Bierbaum, et al., 1972	gas phase; M
5.9	200.	FA	Adams and Bohme, 1970	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.7 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	3.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
1.1	105.	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 7 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 8 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 7N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 8N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.6 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	1.53	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	17.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	18.0	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

O^- + Oxygen = (O^- • Oxygen )

By formula: O^- + O₂ = (O^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	32.	kcal/mol	PDiss	Hiller and Vestal, 1981	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle, Δ_rH<; M
Δ_rH°	39.0	kcal/mol	PES	Novich, Engelking, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle, from EA(O3), D(O-O2) AND EA(O); M
Δ_rH°	38.	kcal/mol	PDiss	Cosby, Moseley, et al., 1978	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	42.	kcal/mol	CID	Lifschitz, Wu, et al., 1978	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.9 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	6.87 ± 0.06	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	26.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	31.78	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.9 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	6.6	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	23.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.1 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	2.46 ± 0.18	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	23.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.5 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	2.5 ± 0.1	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	19.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.9 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	1.8 ± 0.7	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	17.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Conway and Janik, 1970	gas phase; M

O₃^- + Oxygen = (O₃^- • Oxygen )

By formula: O₃^- + O₂ = (O₃^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.10 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-3.60 ± 0.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: NO^- + O₂ = (NO^- • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.9 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	14.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
-0.4	200.	FA	Dunkin, Fehsenfeld, et al., 1971	gas phase; DG>; M

( • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 6O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.40	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 7 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 8 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 7O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 8O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.82	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • Oxygen ) + = ( • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂⁺ • N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.9	kcal/mol	HPMS	Speller and Fitaire, 1983	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	10.1	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Speller and Fitaire, 1983	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

(H₃⁺ • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (H₃⁺ • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (H₃⁺ • O₂) + O₂ = (H₃⁺ • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M

(O₃^- • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (O₃^- • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₃^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.54	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Δ_rH, Δ_rS approximate; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; Δ_rH, Δ_rS approximate; M

H₃⁺ + Oxygen = (H₃⁺ • Oxygen )

By formula: H₃⁺ + O₂ = (H₃⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(O2H+)O2; M

(O₂S^- • 2 • Oxygen ) + = (O₂S^- • 3 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂S^- • 2O₂S • O₂) + O₂S = (O₂S^- • 3O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	3.60 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1.5 ± 3.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

(O₂S^- • • Oxygen ) + = (O₂S^- • 2 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂S^- • O₂S • O₂) + O₂S = (O₂S^- • 2O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.60 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	2.5 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

(O₃S^- • • Oxygen ) + = (O₃S^- • 2 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃S^- • O₂S • O₂) + O₂S = (O₃S^- • 2O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	5.70 ± 0.60	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	3.6 ± 2.1	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

+ Oxygen = ( • Oxygen )

By formula: O⁺ + O₂ = (O⁺ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	42.9	kcal/mol	PDiss	Hiller and Vestal, 1982	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	48.	kcal/mol	PI	Linn, Ono, et al., 1981	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	49.9	kcal/mol	PDiss	Mosely, Ozenne, et al., 1981	gas phase; M

(O₃S^- • Oxygen ) + = (O₃S^- • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₃S^- • O₂) + O₂S = (O₃S^- • O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	6.50 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	4.4 ± 2.2	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

(O₂S^- • Oxygen ) + = (O₂S^- • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂S^- • O₂) + O₂S = (O₂S^- • O₂S • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.0 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	6.2 ± 2.2	kcal/mol	TDAs	Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992	gas phase; B

( • 2 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 3 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 2N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 3N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.5 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 3 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 4 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 3N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 4N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.2 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 4 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 5 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 4N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 5N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.9 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 5 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 6 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 5N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 6N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.8 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 6 • Oxygen ) + = ( • 7 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 6N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 7N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.7 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • • Oxygen ) + = ( • 2 • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • N₂ • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • 2N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.8 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	17.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.8 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.4 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.4 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 2 Oxygen )

By formula: (NO^- • O₂) + O₂ = (NO^- • 2O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.9 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 3O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.5 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 4O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.2 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 5O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.0 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 6O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.0 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 7 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 8 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 7O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 8O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.8 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • 8 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = (HO₂⁺ • 9 Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • 8O₂) + O₂ = (HO₂⁺ • 9O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.7 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	20.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka and Mori, 1989	gas phase; M

(HO₂⁺ • Oxygen ) + = (HO₂⁺ • • Oxygen )

By formula: (HO₂⁺ • O₂) + H₂ = (HO₂⁺ • H₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	4.0	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	17.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979	gas phase; M

( • Oxygen ) + = ( • • Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • O₂) + N₂ = (O₂^- • N₂ • O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.9 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988, 2	gas phase; M

2 + Oxygen = 2

By formula: 2C₂H₆S + O₂ = 2C₂H₆OS

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-66.36 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	Cm	Douglas, 1946	liquid phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -66.5 ± 0.2 kcal/mol; At 291°K; ALS

= + 0.5 Oxygen

By formula: C₂H₆O₂S = C₂H₆OS + 0.5O₂

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.16 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	Cm	Douglas, 1946	liquid phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 59.0 ± 0.2 kcal/mol; At 291°K; ALS

( • 2 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 3 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 2O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 3O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	2.4 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 3 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 4 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 3O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 4O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.8 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 4 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 5 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 4O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 5O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.5 ± 0.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂^- • 5O₂) + O₂ = (O₂^- • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.5 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 5 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 6 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 5O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 6O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.9 ± 0.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

( • 6 Oxygen ) + Oxygen = ( • 7 Oxygen )

By formula: (O₂⁺ • 6O₂) + O₂ = (O₂⁺ • 7O₂)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1.9 ± 0.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, 1988	gas phase; M

Constants of diatomic molecules

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Klaus P. Huber and Gerhard H. Herzberg

Data collected through March, 1977

Symbols used in the table of constants
Symbol	Meaning
State	electronic state and / or symmetry symbol
T_e	minimum electronic energy (cm^-1)
ω_e	vibrational constant – first term (cm^-1)
ω_ex_e	vibrational constant – second term (cm^-1)
ω_ey_e	vibrational constant – third term (cm^-1)
B_e	rotational constant in equilibrium position (cm^-1)
α_e	rotational constant – first term (cm^-1)
γ_e	rotation-vibration interaction constant (cm^-1)
D_e	centrifugal distortion constant (cm^-1)
β_e	rotational constant – first term, centrifugal force (cm^-1)
r_e	internuclear distance (Å)
Trans.	observed transition(s) corresponding to electronic state
ν₀₀	position of 0-0 band (units noted in table)

Diatomic constants for ¹⁶O₂
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
A detailed review of the entire spectrum of molecular oxygen has been published by Krupenie, 1972. Potential energy diagrams Gilmore, 1965, Freund, 1971, Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979; predicted electronic states and potential functions Buenker and Peyerimhoff, 1975, Moss and Goddard, 1975, Beebe, Thulstrup, et al., 1976.
Several Rydberg states converging to the oxygen K limits at 543.1(⁴Σ^-) and 544.2(²Σ^-) eV, in X-ray absorption and electron energy loss spectrum.
↳Nakamura, Morioka, et al., 1971; Wight and Brion, 1974; LaVilla, 1975
Z (³Π_u) 2											Z ← X	532 eV 1
Z (³Π_u) 2	↳Nakamura, Morioka, et al., 1971; Wight and Brion, 1974; LaVilla, 1975
Absorption cross sections and cross sections fot the production of atomic fluorescence by photodissociation in the region 175 - 850 Angstrom (570000 - 115000 cm^-1) Lee, Carlson, et al., 1973, Watson, Lang, et al., 1973, Carlson, 1974, Lee, Carlson, et al., 1974. Earlier results in Weissler and Lee, 1952, Aboud, Curtis, et al., 1955, De Reilhac and Damany-Astoin, 1964.
Rydberg	Rydberg states with the outer electrons in 3sσ, 3pσ, 3dσ orbitals and the O₂⁺ core in the highest ...1π_u³1π_g² ²Π_u state have been tentatively identified in the electroionizaton spectrum O₂ at 20.73, 21.75, 22.28 eV, respectively.
	Codling and Madden's Rydberg series converging to c ⁴Σ_u⁺(v=0) of O₂⁺:
	ν = 198125 - R/(n-0.16)² n=3(Y state), 4...11 3, 4 Similar series with v'=1.
	↳Codling and Madden, 1965
	ν = 198125 - R/(n-0.95)² n=3(W state), 4...8 3, 4, 5 Similar series with v'=1.
	↳Codling and Madden, 1965
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
Y	(184440) 3	[1510]			4						Y ← X	184410
Y	↳missing citation
W (³Σ_u^-)	(168290) 3	[1510]			4						W ← X	168260
W (³Σ_u^-)	↳missing citation
V	Yoshino and Tanaka's weak Rydberg series converging to B ²Σ_g^-(v=0) of O₂⁺:
	ν = 163700 - R/(n-0.54)² n=6(V state), 7...12.3 Similar series with v'=1,2,3.
	↳Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
	(160270) 3	(1100)									V ← X	160031
	↳Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
Rydberg	Tanaka and Takamine's strong Rydberg s. of R shaded dif. b. converging to B ²Σ_g^-(v=0) of O₂⁺:
	ν = 163702 - R/(n-0.70)² n=3(U state),4...23.3,6 Similar series with v'=1,2,3.
	↳Tanaka and Takamine, 1941; Ogawa, 1968; Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
	Fragments of Rydberg series (155000 - 160000 cm^-1) converging to D ²Δ_g of O₂⁺.
	↳Lindholm, 1968
	Namioka, Ogawa and Tanaka's Rydberg s. of weak R shaded b. converging to b ⁴Σ_g^-(v=0) of O₂⁺:
	ν = 1465607 - R/(n-0.53)² n=4(R state),5...16.3 Similar series with v'=1,2.
	↳Namioka, Ogawa, et al., 1962; Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
	Tanaka and Takamine's Rydberg s. of strong R shaded b. converging to b ⁴Σ_g^-(v=0) of O₂⁺:
	ν = 1465567 - R/(n-0.68)² n=4(Q state),5...30.3,8 Similar series with v'=1...4.
	↳Tanaka and Takamine, 1941; Namioka, Ogawa, et al., 1962; Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
U	142548 3	1148 H	23		6						U ← X R	142329 H
U	↳Tanaka and Takamine, 1941; Ogawa, 1968
R	(137643) 3	(1152) H									R ← X R	137432 H
R	↳Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
Q	136759 3	1207 H	18		6						Q ← X R	136571 H
Q	↳Price and Collins, 1935; Namioka, Ogawa, et al., 1962; Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
Additional unclassified bands in the region 100000 - 135000 cm^-1 Tanaka and Takamine, 1941. Absorption and photoionization cross sections of O₂ (X ³Σ_g^-) 100000 - 170000 cm^-1 Watanabe, 1958, Huffman, Larrabee, et al., 1964, Cook and Metzger, 1964, Matsunaga and Watanabe, 1967. Dissociation continua with maxima at 125000, 131000, 138000 cm^-1 Cook, Ogawa, et al., 1973.
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
p ¹Φ_u	118951	1071 9 H	8.3		1.116 10	0.014		4.5E-6		1.374	p ← a R	110815 H
p ¹Φ_u	↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation
I"	(118200)	(1050) 11	(15)		12						I" ← X	(117900)
I"	↳Tanaka and Takamine, 1941; Dehmer and Chupka, 1975
I'	117750	1050 13	9.₉		12 14						I' ← X	117490
	↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation
	116420	1070 13	14.₅		12 14						I ← X	116160
	↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
H (³Π_u)	99880	[1070] 15			12						H ← X	99630
H (³Π_u)	↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation; missing citation
Additional discrete and diffuse absorption bands in the region 80000 - 100000 cm^-1 (only partly assigned) may belong to various Rydberg series converging to the first ionziation potential. Onset of the ionzation continuum observed at 1027.6 Angstrom (97314 cm^-1) by photoionization mass spectrometry Dehmer and Chupka, 1975. Absorption cross sections of O₂ (X ³Σ_g^-) 51000 - 100000 cm^-1 Watanabe, 1958, Kosinskaya and Startsev, 1965, Ogawa and Ogawa, 1975. Absorption cross sections of O₂ (X ¹Δ_g) have been measured Ogawa and Ogawa, 1975 from 63000 to 92000 cm^-1 (see also Ogawa, 1970), photoionization cross sections Clark and Wayne, 1970, from 89400 to 96600 cm^-1.
↳missing citation; Tanaka, 1952; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972; Chang and Ogawa, 1973; Ogawa, Yamawaki, et al., 1975
4f complex	[91300] 16										4f ← a	82500
	↳Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
											4f ← X	90500
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1973
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
L (³Π_u)	[90044] 17				[1.588] 17			[29E-6] 17		[1.152] 17	L ← X V	89257.3 Z
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1973
	[89948] 17				[1.531] 17			[20E-6] 17		[1.173] 17	L ← X V	89161.0 17 Z
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1973
	[89858]				[1.486] 17			[30E-6] 17		[1.191] 17	L ← X V	89070.7 Z
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1973
k (¹Δ_u)	[89066]				[1.451]			[20.8E-6]		[1.205]	k ← a V	80395.8 Z
k (¹Δ_u)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
j (¹Σ_u⁺)	(87209) 18	[1896]			[1.701]	19		[12E-6] 19		[1.113]	j ← X V	87370.2 Z
j (¹Σ_u⁺)	↳missing citation; Chang and Ogawa, 1973
G (³Σ_u⁺)	(86998)	[1822]	20		[1.69₈]	0.026 20				[1.114]	G ← X V	87122 21 Z
G (³Σ_u⁺)	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1973; missing citation
A Rydberg series (observed in absorption from a ¹Δ_g) joins on to e, e' and i, i' and converges to X ²Π_g of O₂⁺.
↳Chang and Ogawa, 1972; Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
i (¹Δ_2u)	(86846)	[2062]			[1.688]	0.042		[10.5E-6]		[1.117]	i ← a V	79208.0 22 Z
i (¹Δ_2u)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972; Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
i' (³Δ_2u)	(86843)	[1699]			[1.791]			[140E-6]		[1.085]	i' ← a V	79022.6 22 Z
i' (³Δ_2u)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972; Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
h (¹Π_u)	(86750)	(2200)			[1.451] 23					[1.205] 23	h ← a V	81362.5 23 Z
h (¹Π_u)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972
g (¹Π_u)	(86604)	[2048]			[1.615] 24			[6.0E-6] 24		[1.142]	g ← X V	86841.4 Z
g (¹Π_u)	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1973
F'	[87510] 25										F' ← X	86720
F'	↳Tanaka, 1952; missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
F ³Π_u	(85868)	[2008] H 26			[1.434]			[11E-6]		[1.212]	F ← X	86085.0 Z
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1972; Chang and Ogawa, 1973; missing citation
	(85780)	[2000] H 26			[1.398]			[6.0E-6]		[1.228]	F ← X	85992.6 27 Z
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1972; Chang and Ogawa, 1973; missing citation
	(85689)	[2001] H 26			[1.352]			[5.3E-6]		[1.249]	F ← X	85902.3 Z
	↳Chang and Ogawa, 1972; Chang and Ogawa, 1973; missing citation
E ³Σ_u^-	(79883)	[2547]	28		28						E ← X R	80369 28
E ³Σ_u^-	↳missing citation; Tanaka, 1952; Cartwright, Hunt, et al., 1973; missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
f ¹Σ_u⁺	76091 29	1927	19.0		1.703 30	0.020		31		1.113	f ← b V	63141.5 Z
	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968
											f ← X V	76262.4 32
	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; missing citation; missing citation
D (³Σ_u⁺)	(75260) 33	1957	19.7		1.73 34	0.025		35		1.10₄	D ← X V	(75450)
D (³Σ_u⁺)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; missing citation; missing citation
e (¹Δ_2u)	(75254)	[1830] H			[1.682] 36					[1.119]	e ← a V	67499.6 37 Z
e (¹Δ_2u)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; Ogawa, 1970; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972; Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
e' (³Δ_2u)	(74915)	[2052] H	38								e' ← a V	67272 37 H
e' (³Δ_2u)	↳Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968; Ogawa, 1970; Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972; Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
d (¹Π_g)	(69180)	[1860]	39								(d ← X)	69320 40
d (¹Π_g)	↳Trajmar, Cartwright, et al., 1976
C (³Π_g)	(65530)	[1840]	41								(C ← X)	65670 40
C (³Π_g)	↳Cartwright, Hunt, et al., 1973; Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975
B ³Σ_u^-	49793.28	709.31 42 Z	10.65 42	-0.139	0.8190₂ 42 43 44	0.01206 42	-5.5₆E-4	4.55E-6 45		1.6042₆	B ↔ X 46 47 R	49358.15 Z
B ³Σ_u^-	↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation; missing citation; missing citation; Ackerman and Biaume, 1970; Creek and Nicholls, 1975
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
A ³Σ_u⁺	35397.8	799.07 Z	12.16 48	-0.550	0.9106	0.0141₆ 48	-9.₇E-4	4.7E-6 49		1.5215	(A → b) 50	(21886)
											(A → a) 50	(27125
											A ↔ X 51 52 R	35007.1₅ Z
	↳missing citation; missing citation; missing citation
A' ³Δ_u	(34690) 53	(850) 54	(20) 54		(0.96) 55	(0.026₂) 55				(1.48)	(A' → a) 50	(26440)
											A' ← X 56 57 R	(34320) 54
	↳missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
c ¹Σ_u^-	33057.₃	794.2₉ Z	12.73₆ 58	-.244₄	0.915₅	0.0139₁ 58	-7.4₀E-4	[7.4E-₆]		1.517₄	c → a 59	(24782)
	↳Richards and Johnson, 1976
											c ↔ X 60 R	32664.₁ Z
	↳missing citation; Degen, 1968
b ¹Σ_g⁺	13195.1	1432.77 61Z	14.00 61		1.40037 61	0.01820 61		5.351E-6 62		1.22688	b → a 63	5238.5
	↳Noxon, 1961
											b ↔ → X 64 65 R	13120.91 66 Z
	↳missing citation
State	T_e	ω_e	ω_ex_e	ω_ey_e	B_e	α_e	γ_e	D_e	β_e	r_e	Trans.	ν₀₀
a ¹Δ_g	7918.1	[1483.5₀] Z	(12.₉)		1.4264	0.0171		[4.86E-6]		1.2156₃	a ↔ X 67 68 65 R	7882.39 Z
a ¹Δ_g	↳missing citation
X ³Σ_g^-	0	1580.19₃ Z	11.98₁ 69	.0474₇	[1.4376766] 70	0.0159₃ 71 72		[4.839E-6] 70 72		1.20752 73
	↳Crawford, Welsh, et al., 1949; Shapiro and Gush, 1966; McKellar, Rich, et al., 1972
	Rotation sp. 74 75
	↳McKnight and Gordy, 1968; Gebbie, Burroughs, et al., 1969
	Spin reorientation (fine structure) sp. 74 76
	↳Miller and Townes, 1953; Zimmerer and Mizushima, 1961; West and Mizushima, 1966; Wilheit and Barrett, 1970; Amano and Hirota, 1974
	Raman sp. 77
	↳missing citation; missing citation; Fletcher and Rayside, 1974; missing citation
	EPR sp.
	↳Tinkham and Strandberg, 1955; Gerber, 1972; Cook, Zegarski, et al., 1973

Notes

Wight and Brion, 1974 obtain 530.8 eV from the electron energy loss spectrum.

Strong X-ray absorption peak (excitation 1s₀ → 1π_g).

Possible upper state symmetries have been discussed on theoretical Leclercq, 1967 and empirical Lindholm, 1968 grounds. Several of these Rydberg levels have also been observed in the high resolution electron energy loss spectrum Geiger and Schroder, 1968.

Strongly preionized.

A weak satellite series approximately 50 cm^-1 longward of the main bands has been observed by Codling and Madden, 1965.

Preionization observed by photoionization mass-spectrometry Dehmer and Chupka, 1975.

The limits refer to band origins; the approximate head-origin separation has been subtracted from the observed heads.

Both preionization (to O₂⁺ + e-) and predissociation (to O⁺ + O^- for n≥5) have been established by photoionization mass- spectrometry Dehmer and Chupka, 1975.

The 0-0, 1-0, 2-0 bands are overlapped. Vibrational numbering confirmed by ¹⁸O₂ isotope shifts.

Rotational analyses for v=3,5,7; v=4,6,8,9 are diffuse.

Probably progression II of Tanaka and Takamine, 1941, extended and reassigned by Katayama, Huffman, Tanaka [unpublished, see Figure 1 of Dehmer and Chupka, 1975].

Preionization observed by photoionization mass-spectrometry Dehmer and Chupka, 1975. Several autoionizing levels have been studied by photoelectron spectroscopy Bahr, Blake, et al., 1971, Kinsinger and Taylor, 1973, Tanaka and Tanaka, 1973. See also Nicholson, 1963.

These progressions have been reassigned and extended by Katayana, Huffman, Tanaka (see 11) and include most of the bands of progressions I, N, I', P of Price and Collins, 1935. They occur in the region of the second member (4sσ_g) of the Rydberg series beginning with H [ Lindholm, 1968, see 15). Other Rydberg series going to a ⁴Π_u or A ²Π_u may also be present; higher members possibly account for many unassigned bands in the region 810-740 Å (123000 - 135000 cm^-1).

That the diffuse nature of the bands is at least partly due to predissociation has been shown by the observation of 0-I lines in fluorescence; Carlson, 1974 gives cross sections for this reaction from 850 to 650 Å (117000 - 154000 cm^-1).

Long but strongly perturbed v' progression composed of bands previously Price and Collins, 1935 assigned to four shorter progressions H, H', M, M'; first member (3sσ_g) of a Rydberg series converging to a ⁴Π_u of O₂⁺ Lindholm, 1968, Edqvist, Lindholm, et al., 1970). The intensity distribution [ Huffman, Larrabee, et al., 1964, Matsunaga and Watanabe, 1967, see also Dehmer and Chupka, 1975] closely resembles that of the a ⁴Π_u progression in the photoelectron spectrum Edqvist, Lindholm, et al., 1970.

Very complex spectrum 90400 - 90700 cm^-1.

Vibrational numbering uncertain.

Ogawa and Yamawaki, 1969 assumed this to be a ³Σ_u⁺ state; reassigned by Chang and Ogawa, 1973.

B₁ = 1.698, D₁ = 42E-6.

Partial rotational analyses of a weak and diffuse 0-0 band and of stronger 1-0 and 2-0 bands Chang and Ogawa, 1973.

The ¹⁸0₂ isotope effect shows that this is a 0-0 band Ogawa, Yamawaki, et al., 1975.

The two components are assumed to correspond to the ground state splitting (A = 200) of O₂⁺ Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972, Collins, Husain, et al., 1973.

Perturbed rotational structure. According to Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972 these constants refer to the 1-0 band, the unresolved 0-0 band being at 79180 cm^-1.

Constants for Π⁺; B₀(Π^-) = 1.611, D₀(Π^-) = 14E-6. Constants for the diffuse v=1 level were also determined.

Group of six line-like features similar to F ← X.

v=1 diffuse

The ¹⁸O₂ isotope shift shows that this is a 0-0 band. F ³Π_u is a mixed state resulting from the avoided crossing of the unstable ³Π_u state (arising from ³P + ³P) with the lowest ³Π_u Rydberg state (3pσ_u); see Buenker and Peyerimhoff, 1975, Buenker, Peyerimhoff, et al., 1976. Oscillator strengths Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975.

The three strongest bands in this region at 80369, 82916, 85345 cm^-1 [called "longest band", "second band", "third band" by Tanaka, 1952] have long resisted attempts at identification. Recent ab initio calculations Yoshimine, Tanaka, et al., 1976, Buenker, Peyerimhoff, et al., 1976 have shown that very probably they correspond to the second ³Σ_u- state formed by the avoided crossing of B ³Σ_u- with the lowest ³Σ_u- Rydberg state (3pπ_u). The predicted ω_e is of the order of 3000 cm^-1. All three bands are diffuse [O(¹D) atoms have been detected in the predissociation of E ³Σ_u- Stone, Lawrence, et al., 1976] and show double peaks (two close double peaks for the "second band"). In 1802 the rotational structure of the "longest band" is resolved [B'= 1.307₂ Ogawa, 1975, D'= 1.₈E-6 Ogawa, 1975, λ'= 3.3₇ Ogawa, 1975, γ'= +0.045 Ogawa, 1975] and confirms that the upper state is indeed ³Σ_u- Ogawa, Yamawaki, et al., 1975. On the basis of the observed isotope shift Ogawa, Yamawaki, et al., 1975 prefer the assignment of the "longest band" as 1-0b. [see also Buenker, Peyerimhoff, et al., 1976]. f values of 0.0102, 0.0080, 0.0015, for three bands have been determined from electron energy loss measurements Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975.

α state of Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968, progression II of Tanaka, 1952.

v=2 diffuse. Rotational constants for ¹⁸O₂ in Ogawa, 1975.

D₂= 25.8E-6, D₃= 7E-6, D₄= 10E-6.

The 0-0 band is not observed since it is in the continuum which covers the 1300 Å region.

β state of Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968 who assumed it to be ¹Σ_u+; reassigned by Ogawa and Yamawaki, 1969. Progression I of Tanaka, 1952.

Levels other than v=2 and 3 are too diffuse for analysis, both in ¹⁶O₂ and ¹⁸O₂; for the latter see Ogawa, 1975.

D₂ = 14.8E-6; D₃ = 21.0E-6.

(diffuse lines)

See 22.

ΔG(3/2) = 1698, ΔG(5/2) = 1838.

ΔG(3/2) = 1770, ΔG(5/2) ~1800.

From electron energy loss spectra. C and d are considered to be the lowest Rydberg states (3sσ_g) of O₂. Apparent oscillator strengths, summed over the first four bands of the C-X progression, yield an f value of f= 0.00074 Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975.

ΔG(3/2) = 1960 Cartwright, Hunt, et al., 1973, Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975, ΔG(5/2) = 1780 Cartwright, Hunt, et al., 1973, Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975 [average of values given by Cartwright, Hunt, et al., 1973 and Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975].

ω_ey_e = -0.139, γ_e = -0.00055₆ from a low order fit to v ≤ 4; the representation of levels having v ≤ 13 requires seven Y_i0 and seven Y_i1 coefficients Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979; T₀ values of Ackerman and Biaume, 1970 (absorption) and Creek and Nicholls, 1975 (emission) agree to better than 0.1 cm^-1 [note, however, two typographical errors for G₀ and G₃ in Table 5 of Creek and Nicholls, 1975]. Convergence limit of the vibrational levels at 57127.5~ cm^-1 Brix and Herzberg, 1954. RKR potential Krupenie, 1972, Vanderslice, Mason, et al., 1960, Ginter and Battino, 1965.

The spin splitting constants at low v are λ = 1.5, -γ ~ 0.04 cm^-1. They increase rapidly above v~12 Brix and Herzberg, 1954, Bergeman and Wofsy, 1972.

Predissociation above v=2 established by line width measurements in absorption Wilkinson and Mulliken, 1957, Carroll, 1959, Hudson and Carter, 1968, Ackerman and Biaume, 1970, Snopko, 1970, Hudson and Mahle, 1972; maximum at v=4, subsidiary peaks at v=7,11. Ab initio calculations Schaefer and Miller, 1971, Julienne and Krauss, 1975, Julienne, 1976 show that the repulsive ⁵Π_u state from normal atoms is the main contributor to the predissociation with smaller contributions from ¹Π_u, ³Π_u [earlier investigators assumed this to be the only contributor Riess and Ben-Aryeh, 1969, Murrell and Taylor, 1969, Child, 1970, Durmaz and Murrell, 1971] and ³Σ_u⁺. Evidence for inverse predissociation has been foumd by Myers and Bartle, 1968; see also Wray and Fried, 1971, Sharma and Wray, 1971.

β =0.22E-6 for low v; D_v increases rapidly above v~4.

The B state levels have been observed in absorption from v'=0 to the convergence limit (see 42) Brix and Herzberg, 1954, Ackerman and Biaume, 1970. Absorption by vibrationally excited O₂(v" ≤ 5) Ogawa, 1966, Ogawa and Chang, 1968; data for ¹⁷O¹⁶O, ¹⁸O¹⁶O, ¹⁸O₂ Halmann, 1964, Halmann and Laulicht, 1965; absorption in inert gas matrices Bass and Broida, 1964, Schnepp and Dressler, 1965, Boursey, Roncin, et al., 1970 and Fugol, Gimpelevich, et al., 1976. The formation of O(¹D) atoms by photoabsorption in the adjoining continuum has been verified by Stone, Lawrence, et al., 1976. Emission bands with low v' and high v" are observed in various electrical discharges Feast, 1950, Herman, Herman, et al., 1961, Creek and Nicholls, 1975.

For intensity measurements in the discrete portion of the B-X system see Bethke, 1959, Blake, Carver, et al., 1966, Farmer, Fabian, et al., 1968, Hudson and Carter, 1968, Ackerman, Biaume, et al., 1970, Hasson, Hebert, et al., 1970, Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975, and in the continuum Kosinskaya and Startsev, 1965, Blake, Carver, et al., 1966, Goldstein and Mastrup, 1966, Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975; at the absorption maximum near 1445 Å (69200 cm^-1) the absorption coefficient is 382 cm^-1 (σ = 1.42E-17 cm²) Goldstein and Mastrup, 1966. Absorption f values vary from 3.4E-10 for the 0-0 band to 3.4E-5 for the 14-0, 15-0 bands to 1.3E-5 for the 20-0 band, yielding an oscillator strength sum of ~32E-5 for the Schumann-Runge bands. The overall electronic absorption oscillator strength is 0.162 which represents an upper limit if, as suggested by Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975 and recently confirmed by Cartwright, Fiamengo, et al., 1976, the continuum contains contributions from other dissociative states; see also Julienne, Neumann, et al., 1976. A rather different total f value of 0.040 is derived from shock-tube absorption and emission studies Treanor and Wurster, 1960, Krindach, Sobolev, et al., 1963, Buttrey, 1969; the discrepancy is probably due to the r-dependence of the electronic transition moment Marr, 1964, Halmann and Laulicht, 1967, Allison, Dalgarno, et al., 1971, Julienne, Neumann, et al., 1976. Franck-Condon factors based on RKR and similar potentials Jarmain, 1963, Halmann and Laulicht, 1967, Harris, Blackledge, et al., 1969, Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979; Halmann and Laulicht, 1967 give data for ¹⁸O₂. The spectral emissivity in the Schumann-Runge bands has been discussed by Ben-Aryeh, 1968, Buttrey, 1969. Franck-Condon densities Jarmain and Nicholls, 1964.

The constants of Herzberg, 1952 have been adjusted Jarmain and Nicholls, 1967, Krupenie, 1972 to the revised vibrational numbering (v' raised by one unit) of Broida and Gaydon, 1954. The spin- splitting constants for low v are λ= -4.9₅ and γ ~0; they decrease appreciably above v~7. RKR potential Vanderslice, Mason, et al., 1960, Degen, Innanen, et al., 1968, Jarmain, 1972, Krupenie, 1972.

D_v increases rapidly above v~4.

The tentative identification of the A → b transition in an oxygen afterglow by Broida and Gaydon, 1954 was not confirmed by Barth and Kaplan, 1957. Other unidentified features in the nightglow and in the oxygen afterglow have been variously attributed to the A → a and A' → a transitions by Wraight, 1976 and Chamberlain, 1958, respectively. A high resolution trace of one of these bands at 4007 Å can be seen in Figure 1 of Degen, 1968.

First observed in absorption at atmospheric pressure and a path of >25 m Herzberg, 1932, Herzberg, 1952. The bands occur in emission in the nightglow Chamberlain, 1955, Chamberlain, 1958 and in various afterglows Broida and Gaydon, 1954, Barth and Kaplan, 1957, Barth and Patapoff, 1962, Degen and Nicholls, 1968. According to Broida and Peyron, 1960, Bass and Broida, 1964 bands correlated with this system have also been observed in matrix isolation studies; these bands have recently been reassigned, see 57.

For detailed intensity measurements in the discrete region and in the adjoining continuum see Ditchburn and Young, 1962, Blake, Carver, et al., 1966, Degen and Nicholls, 1969, Ogawa, 1971, Hasson and Nicholls, 1971. The electronic absorption oscillator strength is cross sections ~E-7; Cross sections in the continuum vary from ~0.5E-24 cm² at 2400 Å to ~30E-24 cm² at 1920 Å where transitions to other dissociative states begin to make significant contributions to the observed intensity Hasson and Nicholls, 1971. Franck-Condon factors and Franck-Condon densities Jarmain and Nicholls, 1967, Degen, Innanen, et al., 1968, Jarmain, 1972, Krupenie, 1972.

The separation of the F₃ and F₂ components in v=6, extrapolated to J=0, is 145.9 cm^-1.

The vibrational constants and v₀₀ have been estimated from measurements of the diffuse high-pressure bands (see 56). The only accurately known vibrational interval is ΔG(11/2) = 611.2 for the F₃ component Herzberg, 1953. The vibrational numbering is uncertain.

Extrapolated from B₅ and B₆ assuming a linear B_v curve; the v numbering has been estimated (see 54).

Only two weak bands have been analyzed at low pressure and 800 m path length Herzberg, 1953. At high pressure and in liquid O₂ a fairly strong progression of diffuse triplets has been studied by many investigators. This progression appears to be the analogue in (O₂)₂ of the A' ← X bands (their intensity increases with the square of the pressure) Wulf, 1928, Finkelnburg and Steiner, 1932, Herman, 1939, Herzberg, 1953. For lack of other information the A' ← X 0-0 band is assumed to be at the position of the first diffuse high-pressure band.

Visible emission bands of oxygen in low temperature matrices Broida and Peyron, 1960 have recently been reinterpreted Richards and Johnson, 1976 as belonging to the A' → X system.

ω_ez_e ~ +0.0005₅. The constants refer to the revised vibrational numbering suggested by Degen, 1968; see 60.

This system was only observed in Xe matrices (v₀₀ = 24552) by excitation with VUV light.

In absorption the 6-0,... ,11-0 bands [new v' numbering of Degen, 1968, 1-0,... ,6-0 in the old numbering of Herzberg, 1953] have been observed with path lengths of 800 m atm Herzberg, 1953; in emission several bands with low v' are seen in the afterglow of an oxygen-argon mixture Degen and Nicholls, 1966, Degen, 1968. The v'=0 progression is the strongest feature of the Venus night airglow Lawrence, Barth, et al., 1977.

These constants have been re-evaluated [ Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973, see also Creek and Nicholls, 1975] from the measurements of the b-X system Babcock and Herzberg, 1948 using improved lower state constants; γ_e = -0.00004₂. RKR potential curve Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973. Constants for ¹⁶O¹⁸O, ¹⁶O¹⁷O in Babcock and Herzberg, 1948.

D_v= +0.0318(v+1/2) + 0.00l2(v+1/2)² Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973. The D_v values have been calculated Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973 using vibrational wavefunctions computed from the experimental potential curve; see Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973, 2.

Q branch of the 0-0 band observed in a discharge through O₂ and He. Absolute transition probability ~2.5E-3s^-1.

In absorption observed in the solar spectrum; in the laboratory with more than 1m path. In emission in the aurora and nightglow Meinel, 1950 as well as in various discharges Kaplan, 1947, Kvifte, 1951, Herman, Herman, et al., 1961, Noxon, 1961. Band intensities [in cm^-1 km^-1 atm^-1 (STP)] for the 0-0, 1-0, 2-0 bands are 532, 40.8, 1.52, respectively Miller, Boese, et al., 1969; slightly smaller values in Galkin, Zhukova, et al., 1972. The transition probability for the 0-0 band is 0.075 s^-1 [average of values given by Miller, Boese, et al., 1969 and Galkin, Zhukova, et al., 1972]. Dianov-Klokov, 1964 gives the band oscillator strengths f₀₀ = 2.5E-10 Dianov-Klokov, 1964, f₁₀ ~0.2E-10 Dianov-Klokov, 1964. RKR Franck- Condon factors Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979; rotational intensity distribution and pressure broadening Burch and Gryvnak, 1969, Miller, Boese, et al., 1969, Galkin, Zhukova, et al., 1972.

Pressure induced spectra a ← X, b ← X as well as simultaneous transitions in two colliding molecules have been studied by many investigators. See recent papers by Findlay, 1970, McKellar, Rich, et al., 1972 which refer to earlier work.

Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973 give v₀₀ = 13122.235 cm^-1 Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973, differing by +2/3 λ (spin-spin interaction in X ³Σ_g-) from the zero line of Babcock and Herzberg, 1948.

EPR spectra of O₂(¹Δ_g) Falick, Mahan, et al., 1965, Miller, 1971; for ¹⁷O¹⁶O see Arrington, Falick, et al., 1971.

Observed in absorption in the solar spectrum Herzberg and Herzberg, 1947, in emission in a discharge Noxon, 1961 and in the day and twilight glow Jones and Harrison, 1958, Noxon and Jones, 1962, Gattinger, 1968. Values given for the transition probability A₀₀(s^-1) are 2.5₈E-4 Badger, Wright, et al., 1965, 1.9E-4 Jones and Harrison, 1958, 1.5E-4 Jones and Gattinger, 1963. Franck-Condon factors Nicholls, Fraser, et al., 1960, Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979; Haslett and Fehsenfeld, 1969.

ω_ez_e = -0.00127₃ Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979, see also Curry and Herzberg, 1934. ΔG(1/2) = 1556.381 Babcock and Herzberg, 1948, Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973, Fletcher and Rayside, 1974, higher ΔG values are less accurately known. G(v) values for v ≤ 28 are listed in Creek and Nicholls, 1975. RKR potential curve Vanderslice, Mason, et al., 1960, 2, Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979.

From a re-evaluation by Johns and Lepard, 1975 of all available microwave and photographic (electronic and Raman) data; these constants supersede earlier results of Welch and Mizushima, 1972 and are in very good agreement with Steinbach and Gordy, 1975, Tomuta, Mizushima, et al., 1975. Spin splitting constants λ₀ = +1.9847511, γ₀ = -0.00842536; higher order (centrifugal distortion) constants in Johns and Lepard, 1975, Steinbach and Gordy, 1975, Tomuta, Mizushima, et al., 1975, see also Veseth and Lofthus, 1974. For v=1, λ₁ = +1.989586 Amano and Hirota, 1974, γ₁ = -0.0084468 Amano and Hirota, 1974, see also Cook, Zegarski, et al., 1973.

α_v= +0.00006₄₁(v+1/2)² - 2.₈₅E-6(v+1/2)³ Krupenie, 1972, Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979. B₁ = 1.42192 Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973, Amano and Hirota, 1974, Creek and Nicholls, 1975; see also Babcock and Herzberg, 1948.

B_v and D_v values for v ≤ 28 are listed in Creek and Nicholls, 1975.

Rot.-Vibr. sp. (collision induced)

For microwave data on ¹⁸O₂ see Steinbach and Gordy, 1973, on ¹⁶O¹⁸O Amano and Hirota, 1974, Steinbach and Gordy, 1975.

Laser magnetic resonance spectra Mizushima, Wells, et al., 1972, Evenson and Mizushima, 1972, Tomuta, Mizushima, et al., 1975.

The Stark effect of the 118 GHz fine structure transition (N=1,J=1←J=0) has been observed by Gustafson and Gordy, 1974 leading to a reliable value for the polarizability anisotropy α(parallel) - α(perp) = 1.12 Å³ Gustafson and Gordy, 1974.

For Raman data on ¹⁶O¹⁸O and ¹⁸O₂ see Edwards, Good, et al., 1976, Harney and Milanovich, 1976. The 2-1 hot band was recently resolved in the purely isotropic part of the scattered light Altmann, Klockner, et al., 1977. Spin structure Rich and Lepard, 1971.

41260 ± 15 cm^-1, from the convergence limit of the B ← X bands Brix and Herzberg, 1954.

From the high resolution photoelectron spectrum of Samson and Gardner, 1975, see also Al-Joboury, May, et al., 1965, Turner and May, 1966, Turner, 1968. Photoionization studies [ McNeal and Cook, 1966, Samson and Cairns, 1966, additional references in Samson and Gardner, 1975] give appearance potentials of ~12.067 eV.

Calculated from the energy levels of O₂⁺

From the X-ray photoelectron spectrum Siegbahn, Nordling, et al., 1969.

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Constants of diatomic molecules, Notes

Hiraoka, 1988
Hiraoka, K., A Determination of the Stabilities of O2+(O2)n and O2-(O2)n with n = 1 - 8 from Measurements of the Gas-Phase Ion Equilibria, J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 89, 5, 3190, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.454976 . [all data]

Conway and Nesbit, 1968
Conway, D.C.; Nesbit, L.E., Stability of O₄^-, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 1, 509, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1667956 . [all data]

Hiraoka, 1888
Hiraoka, K., A Determination of the Stability of O₂⁺(O₂)n and O₂^-(O₂)n with n=1-8 from Measurements of the Gas Phase Ion Equilibria, J. Chem. Phys., 1888, 89, 5, 3190, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.454976 . [all data]

Sherwood, Hanold, et al., 1996
Sherwood, C.R.; Hanold, K.A.; Garner, M.C.; Strong, K.M.; Continetti, R.E., Translational Spectroscopy Studies of the Photodissociation Dynamics of O4-, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 24, 10803, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.472888 . [all data]

Aquino, Taylor, et al., 2001
Aquino, A.J.A.; Taylor, P.R.; Walch, S.P., Structure, properties, and photodissociation of O-4(-), J. Chem. Phys., 2001, 114, 7, 3010-3017, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1288379 . [all data]

Payzant J.D. and Kebarle, 1972
Payzant J.D.; Kebarle, P., Kinetics and Reactions Leading to O2-(H2O)n in Moist Oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 56, 7, 3482, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1677723 . [all data]

Pack and Phelps, 1971
Pack, J.L.; Phelps, A.V., Hydration of Oxygen Negative Ions, Bull. Am. Phys. Soc., 1971, 16, 214. [all data]

Parkes, 1971
Parkes, D.A., Electron Attachment and Negative Ion-Molecule Reactions in Pure O₂, Trans. Farad. Soc., 1971, 97, 711, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9716700711 . [all data]

Conway and Janik, 1970
Conway, D.C.; Janik, G.S., Determination of the Bond Energies for the Series O2 - O2+ through O2 - O10+, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 5, 1859, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674262 . [all data]

Durden, Kebarle, et al., 1969
Durden, D.A.; Kebarle, P.; Good, A., Thermal Ion-Molecule Reaction Rate Constants at Pressures up to 10 torr with a Pulsed Mass Spectrometer. Reactions in Methane, Krypton, and Oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 2, 805, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1671133 . [all data]

Yang and Conway, 1964
Yang, J.H.; Conway, D.C., Bonding in Ion Clusters. I. O4+, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 40, 6, 1729, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1725389 . [all data]

Rakshit and Warneck, 1981
Rakshit, A.B.; Warneck, P., Formation and Reactions of O2+.CO2, O2+.H2O and O2+(CO2)2 Ions, Int. J. Mass Spectrom Ion Phys., 1981, 40, 2, 135, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(81)80037-X . [all data]

Rakshit and Warneck, 1980
Rakshit, A.B.; Warneck, P., A Drift Chamber Study of the Formation of Water Cluster Ions in Oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1980, 73, 10, 5074, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.439985 . [all data]

Howard, Bierbaum, et al., 1972
Howard, C.J.; Bierbaum, V.M.; Rundle, H.W.; Kaufman, F., Kinetics and Mechanism of Formation of Water Cluster Ions from O2+ and H2O+, J. Chem. Phys., 1972, 57, 8, 3491, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1678783 . [all data]

Adams and Bohme, 1970
Adams, N.G.; Bohme, D., Flowing Afterglow Studies of Formation and Reactions of Cluster Ions of O₂⁺, O₂^-, and O^-, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 52, 6, 3133, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1673449 . [all data]

Hiraoka and Mori, 1989
Hiraoka, K.; Mori, T., Gas Phase Stabilities of the Cluster Ions H+(CO)2(CO)n, H+(N2)2(N2)n and H+(O2)2(O2)n with n = 1 - 14, Chem. Phys., 1989, 137, 1-3, 345, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(89)87119-8 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Saluja, et al., 1979
Hiraoka, K.; Saluja, P.P.S.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities of Complexes (N2)nH+, (CO)nH+ and (O2)nH+ for n = 1 to 7 Based on Gas Phase Ion Equilibrium Measurements, Can. J. Chem., 1979, 57, 16, 2159, https://doi.org/10.1139/v79-346 . [all data]

Hiraoka, 1988, 2
Hiraoka, K., Determination of the Stabilities of O₃^-(N₂)n, O₃^-(O₂)n, and O₄^-(N₂)n from Measurements of the Gas Phase Equilibria, Chem. Phys., 1988, 125, 2-3, 439, https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(88)87096-4 . [all data]

Hiller and Vestal, 1981
Hiller, J.F.; Vestal, M.L., Laser Photodissociation of O3- by Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 11, 6096, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.441053 . [all data]

Novich, Engelking, et al., 1979
Novich, S.E.; Engelking, P.C.; Jones, P.L.; Futrell, J.H.; Lineberger, W.C., Laser photoelectron, photodetachment, and photodestruction spectra of O₃-, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70, 2652. [all data]

Cosby, Moseley, et al., 1978
Cosby, P.C.; Moseley, J.T.; Peterson, J.R.; Ling, J.H., Photodissociation spectroscopy of O₃, J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 69, 2771. [all data]

Lifschitz, Wu, et al., 1978
Lifschitz, C.; Wu, R.L.C.; Tiernan, T.O.; Terwillinger, D.T., Negative Ion - Molecule Reactions of Ozone and Their Implications on the Thermochemistry of O3-, J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 68, 1, 247, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.435489 . [all data]

Hiraoka and Yamabe, 1991
Hiraoka, K.; Yamabe, S., Cluster Ions: Gas Phase Stabilities of NO+(O2)n and NO+(CO2)n with n = 1 - 5, J. Chem. Phys., 1991, 95, 9, 6800, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.461518 . [all data]

Dunkin, Fehsenfeld, et al., 1971
Dunkin, D.B.; Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Schelmetekopf, A.L.; Ferguson, E.E., Three-Body Association Reactions of NO+ with O2, N2, and CO2, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 9, 3817, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1675432 . [all data]

Speller and Fitaire, 1983
Speller, C.V.; Fitaire, M., Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Phenomena of Ionized Gases, H. Boetticher, H. Wenk and E. Shulz - Gulde, ed(s)., ICPIG, Dusseldorf, 1983, 568. [all data]

Vacher, Jorda, et al., 1992
Vacher, J.R.; Jorda, M.; Leduc, E.; Fitaire, M., A Determination of the Stabilities of Negative Ion Clusters in SO2 and SO2-O2 Mixtures, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1992, 114, 3, 149, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(92)80033-W . [all data]

Hiller and Vestal, 1982
Hiller, J.F.; Vestal, M.L., Laser Photodissociation of O3+ and the Energetics of Ozone and its Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1982, 77, 3, 1248, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.444000 . [all data]

Linn, Ono, et al., 1981
Linn, S.H.; Ono, Y.; Ng, C.Y., A Study of the Ion - Molecule Half Reactions O2+(a4piu, v)...(O2)m ---> O2m+1 + O, m=1, 2, 3, Using the Molecular Beam Photoionization Method, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 6, 3348, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.441487 . [all data]

Mosely, Ozenne, et al., 1981
Mosely, J.T.; Ozenne, J.B.; Cosby, P.C., Photofragment Spectroscopy of O3+, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 1, 337, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.440839 . [all data]

Douglas, 1946
Douglas, T.B., Heats of formation of liquid methyl sulfoxide and crystalline methyl sulfone at 18°, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 1072-1076. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Krupenie, 1972
Krupenie, P.H., The spectrum of molecular oxygen, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1972, 1, 423. [all data]

Gilmore, 1965
Gilmore, F.R., Potential energy curves for N₂, NO, O₂ and corresponding ions, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1965, 5, 369. [all data]

Freund, 1971
Freund, R.S., Dissociation by electron impact of oxygen into metastable quintet and long-lived high-Rydberg atoms, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 3125. [all data]

Albritton, Schmeltekopf, et al., 1979
Albritton; Schmeltekopf; Zare, Diatomic Intensity Factors, to be published, cited in Huber and Herzberg, 1979, Wiley, 1979, 1. [all data]

Buenker and Peyerimhoff, 1975
Buenker, R.J.; Peyerimhoff, S.D., Ab initio study of the mixing of valence and Rydberg states in O₂: CI potential curves for the ³Σ_u^-, ³Δ_u and ³Π_u states, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1975, 34, 225. [all data]

Moss and Goddard, 1975
Moss, B.J.; Goddard, W.A., III, Configuration interaction studies on low-lying states of O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 3523. [all data]

Beebe, Thulstrup, et al., 1976
Beebe, N.H.F.; Thulstrup, E.W.; Andersen, A., Configuration interaction calculations of low-lying electronic states of O₂,O₂⁺, and O₂²⁺, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 64, 2080. [all data]

Nakamura, Morioka, et al., 1971
Nakamura; Morioka; Hayaishi; Ishiguro; Sasanuma, 3rd International Conference on Vacuum Ultraviolet Radiation Physics - Paper 1pA1-6, Tokyo, 1971, 0. [all data]

Wight and Brion, 1974
Wight, G.R.; Brion, C.E., K-shell excitations in NO and O₂ by 2.5 keV electron impact, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1974, 4, 313. [all data]

LaVilla, 1975
LaVilla, R.E., The O Kα and C Kα emission and O K absorption spectra from O₂ and CO₂. IV, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 2733. [all data]

Lee, Carlson, et al., 1973
Lee, L.C.; Carlson, R.W.; Judge, D.L.; Ogawa, M., The absorption cross sections of N₂, O₂, CO, NO, CO₂, N₂O, CH₄, C₂H₄, C₂H₆ and C₄H₁₀ from 180 to 700 Å, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1973, 13, 1023. [all data]

Watson, Lang, et al., 1973
Watson, W.S.; Lang, J.; Stewart, D.T., Photoabsorption coefficients of molecular oxygen in the 400-600 Å region, Phys. Lett. A, 1973, 44, 293. [all data]

Carlson, 1974
Carlson, R.W., Extreme ultraviolet photodissociative excitation of molecular oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 2350. [all data]

Lee, Carlson, et al., 1974
Lee, L.C.; Carlson, R.W.; Judge, D.L.; Ogawa, M., Vacuum ultraviolet fluorescence from photodissocciation fragments of O₂ and N₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 61, 3261. [all data]

Weissler and Lee, 1952
Weissler, G.L.; Lee, P., Absorption coefficients of oxygen in the vacuum ultraviolet, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1952, 42, 200. [all data]

Aboud, Curtis, et al., 1955
Aboud, A.A.; Curtis, J.P.; Mercure, R.; Rense, W.A., Oxygen gas continuous absorption in the extreme ultraviolet, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1955, 45, 767. [all data]

De Reilhac and Damany-Astoin, 1964
De Reilhac, L.; Damany-Astoin, N., Sur le spectre d'absorption de l'oxygene dans l'ultraviolet extreme, C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 1964, 258, 519. [all data]

Codling and Madden, 1965
Codling, K.; Madden, R.P., New Rydberg series in molecular oxygen near 500 A, Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 3935. [all data]

Yoshino and Tanaka, 1968
Yoshino, K.; Tanaka, Y., Rydberg absorption series and ionization energies of the oxygen molecule. I, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 4859. [all data]

Tanaka and Takamine, 1941
Tanaka, Y.; Takamine, T., Vibrational structure of the ⁴Σ_g^-(O₂⁺)←³Σ_g^- Rydberg series of O₂, Phys. Rev., 1941, 59, 771. [all data]

Ogawa, 1968
Ogawa, M., Tanaka-Takamine Rydberg series of O₂, Can. J. Phys., 1968, 46, 312. [all data]

Lindholm, 1968
Lindholm, E., Rydberg series in small molecules. IV. Rydberg series in O₂, Ark. Fys., 1968, 40, 9, 117-124. [all data]

Namioka, Ogawa, et al., 1962
Namioka; Ogawa; Tanaka, (Reference not verified) in Proc. Int. Symp. Mol. Structure and Spectroscopy, Tokyo, 1962, 208. [all data]

Price and Collins, 1935
Price, W.C.; Collins, G., The far ultraviolet absorption spectrum of oxygen, Phys. Rev., 1935, 48, 714. [all data]

Watanabe, 1958
Watanabe, K., Ultraviolet absorbtion processes in the upper atmosphere, Adv. Geophys., 1958, 5, 153. [all data]

Huffman, Larrabee, et al., 1964
Huffman, R.E.; Larrabee, J.C.; Tanaka, Y., Absorption coefficients of oxygen in the 1060-580-Å wavelength region, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 40, 356. [all data]

Cook and Metzger, 1964
Cook, G.R.; Metzger, P.H., Photoionization and absorption cross sections of O₂ and N₂ in the 600- to 1000-A region, J. Chem. Phys., 1964, 41, 321. [all data]

Matsunaga and Watanabe, 1967
Matsunaga, F.M.; Watanabe, K., Total and photoionization coefficients and dissociation continua of O₂ in the 580-1070 Å region, Sci. Light (Tokyo), 1967, 16, 31. [all data]

Cook, Ogawa, et al., 1973
Cook, G.R.; Ogawa, M.; Carlson, R.W., Photodissociation continuums of N₂ and O₂, J. Geophys. Res., 1973, 78, 1663. [all data]

Dehmer and Chupka, 1975
Dehmer, P.M.; Chupka, W.A., High resolution study of photoionization processes in O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 4525. [all data]

Kosinskaya and Startsev, 1965
Kosinskaya, I.V.; Startsev, G.P., Absorption cross section of oxygen in the vacuum region of the spectrum, Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1965, 18, 416, In original 735. [all data]

Ogawa and Ogawa, 1975
Ogawa, S.; Ogawa, M., Absorption cross sections of O₂(a¹Δ_g) and O₂(X³Σ_g^-) in the region from 1087 to 1700 Å, Can. J. Phys., 1975, 53, 1845. [all data]

Ogawa, 1970
Ogawa, M., Absorption coefficients of O₂ in the metastable state, a¹Δ_g, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 3754. [all data]

Clark and Wayne, 1970
Clark, I.D.; Wayne, R.P., The absolute cross section for photoionization of O₂(¹Δ_g), Mol. Phys., 1970, 18, 523. [all data]

Tanaka, 1952
Tanaka, Y., On the new absorption bands of the oxygen molecule in the far ultraviolet region, J. Chem. Phys., 1952, 20, 1728. [all data]

Yamawaki and Ogawa, 1972
Yamawaki; Ogawa, Internal Technical Report University of Southern California, Rpt. Vac-UV-130, 1972, 1. [all data]

Chang and Ogawa, 1973
Chang; Ogawa, Internal Technical Report University of Southern California, Rpt. Vac-UV-140, 1973, 1. [all data]

Ogawa, Yamawaki, et al., 1975
Ogawa, M.; Yamawaki, K.R.; Hashizume, A.; Tanaka, Y., Vibrational isotope shifts of absorption bands of ¹⁶O₂ and ¹⁸O₂ in the region 1130-1300 Å, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1975, 55, 425. [all data]

Collins, Husain, et al., 1973
Collins, R.J.; Husain, D.; Donovan, R.J., Kinetic spectroscopic studies of O₂(a¹DELTAg₈) by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy in the vacuum ultra-violet, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1973, 69, 145. [all data]

Alberti, Ashby, et al., 1968
Alberti, F.; Ashby, R.A.; Douglas, A.E., Absorption spectra of O₂ in the a¹Δ_g, b¹Σ_g⁺, and X³Σ_g^- states, Can. J. Phys., 1968, 46, 337. [all data]

Chang and Ogawa, 1972
Chang, H.C.; Ogawa, M., Rotational analysis of a high-resolution absorption band of O₂ at 1161 Å, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1972, 44, 405. [all data]

Cartwright, Hunt, et al., 1973
Cartwright, D.C.; Hunt, W.J.; Williams, W.; Trajmar, S.; Goddard, W.A., III, Theoretical and experimental (electron-impact) studies of the low-lying Rydberg states in O₂, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1973, 8, 2436. [all data]

Trajmar, Cartwright, et al., 1976
Trajmar, S.; Cartwright, D.C.; Hall, R.I., Electron impact excitation of the Rydberg states in O₂ in the 7-10 eV energy-loss region, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 65, 5275. [all data]

Huebner, Celotta, et al., 1975
Huebner, R.H.; Celotta, R.J.; Mielczarek, S.R.; Kuyatt, C.E., Apparent oscillator strengths for molecular oxygen derived from electron energy-loss measurements, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 241. [all data]

Ackerman and Biaume, 1970
Ackerman, M.; Biaume, F., Structure of the Schumann-Runge bands from the 0-0 to the 13-0 band, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1970, 35, 73. [all data]

Creek and Nicholls, 1975
Creek, D.M.; Nicholls, R.W., A comprehensive re-analysis of the O₂(B³Σ_u^- - X³Σ_g^-) Schumann-Runge band system, Proc. R. Soc. London A, 1975, 341, 517. [all data]

Richards and Johnson, 1976
Richards, J.L.; Johnson, P.M., The visible emissions of molecular oxygen in rare gas solids, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 65, 3948. [all data]

Degen, 1968
Degen, V., The Herzberg II (c¹Σ_u^- - X³Σ_g^-) system of O₂ in emission in the oxygen-argon afterglow, Can. J. Phys., 1968, 46, 783. [all data]

Noxon, 1961
Noxon, J.F., Observation of the (b¹Σ_g⁺-a¹Δ_g) transition in O₂, Can. J. Phys., 1961, 39, 1110. [all data]

Crawford, Welsh, et al., 1949
Crawford, M.F.; Welsh, H.L.; Locke, J.L., Infra-red absorption of oxygen and nitrogen induced by intermolecular forces, Phys. Rev., 1949, 75, 1607. [all data]

Shapiro and Gush, 1966
Shapiro, M.M.; Gush, H.P., The collision-induced fundamental and first overtone bands of oxygen and nitrogen, Can. J. Phys., 1966, 44, 949. [all data]

McKellar, Rich, et al., 1972
McKellar, A.R.W.; Rich, N.H.; Welsh, H.L., Collision-induced vibrational and electronic spectra of gaseous oxygen at low temperatures, Can. J. Phys., 1972, 50, 1. [all data]

McKnight and Gordy, 1968
McKnight, J.S.; Gordy, W., Measurement of the submillimeter-wave rotational transition of oxygen at 424 kMc/sec, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1968, 21, 1787. [all data]

Gebbie, Burroughs, et al., 1969
Gebbie, H.A.; Burroughs, W.J.; Bird, G.R., Magnetic dipole rotation spectrum of oxygen, Proc. R. Soc. London A, 1969, 310, 579. [all data]

Miller and Townes, 1953
Miller, S.L.; Townes, C.H., The microwave absorption spectum of (O¹⁶)₂ and O¹⁶O¹⁷, Phys. Rev., 1953, 90, 537. [all data]

Zimmerer and Mizushima, 1961
Zimmerer, R.W.; Mizushima, M., Precise measurement of the microwave absorption frequencies of the oxygen molecule and the velocity of light, Phys. Rev., 1961, 121, 152. [all data]

West and Mizushima, 1966
West, B.G.; Mizushima, M., Absorption spectrum of the oxygen molecule in the 55-65-Gc/sec region, Phys. Rev., 1966, 143, 31. [all data]

Wilheit and Barrett, 1970
Wilheit, T.T., Jr.; Barrett, A.H., Microwave spectrum of molecular oxygen, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1970, 1, 213. [all data]

Amano and Hirota, 1974
Amano, T.; Hirota, E., Microwave spectrum of the molecular oxygen in the excited vibrational state, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1974, 53, 346. [all data]

Fletcher and Rayside, 1974
Fletcher, W.H.; Rayside, J.S., High resolution vibrational Raman spectrum of oxygen, J. Raman Spectrosc., 1974, 2, 3. [all data]

Tinkham and Strandberg, 1955
Tinkham, M.; Strandberg, M.W.P., Interaction of molecular oxygen with a magnetic field, Phys. Rev., 1955, 97, 951. [all data]

Gerber, 1972
Gerber, P., Hyperfeinstruktur des Elektronenspinresonanzspektrums von molekularem Sauerstoff in der Gasphase, Helv. Phys. Acta, 1972, 45, 655. [all data]

Cook, Zegarski, et al., 1973
Cook, T.J.; Zegarski, B.R.; Breckenridge, W.H.; Miller, T.A., Gas phase EPR of vibrationally excited O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 58, 1548. [all data]

Leclercq, 1967
Leclercq, J., Calcul theorique des niveaux de Rydberg de la molecule d'oxygene, Ann. Astrophys., 1967, 30, 93. [all data]

Geiger and Schroder, 1968
Geiger, J.; Schroder, B., High-resolution energy-loss spectrum of molecular oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 740. [all data]

Bahr, Blake, et al., 1971
Bahr, J.L.; Blake, A.J.; Carver, J.H.; Gardner, J.L.; Kumar, V., Photoelectron spectroscopy for some autoionized states of molecular oxygen, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1971, 11, 1853. [all data]

Kinsinger and Taylor, 1973
Kinsinger, J.A.; Taylor, J.W., Autoionization and the photoelectron spectra of oxygen, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1973, 11, 461. [all data]

Tanaka and Tanaka, 1973
Tanaka, K.; Tanaka, I., Photoelectron spectra from some autoionizing state of O₂ near the ionization threshold, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 5042. [all data]

Nicholson, 1963
Nicholson, A.J.C., Photo-ionization efficiency curves. Measurement of ionization potentials and interpretation of fine structure, J. Chem. Phys., 1963, 39, 954. [all data]

Edqvist, Lindholm, et al., 1970
Edqvist, O.; Lindholm, E.; Selin, L.E.; Asbrink, L., On the photoelectron spectrum of O₂, Physica Scripta, 1970, 1, 25. [all data]

Ogawa and Yamawaki, 1969
Ogawa, M.; Yamawaki, K.R., Forbidden absorption bands of O₂ in the argon continuum region, Can. J. Phys., 1969, 47, 1805. [all data]

Buenker, Peyerimhoff, et al., 1976
Buenker, R.J.; Peyerimhoff, S.D.; Peric, M., Ab initio vibrational analysis of the Schumann-Runge bands and the neighboring absorption region of molecular oxygen, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1976, 42, 383. [all data]

Yoshimine, Tanaka, et al., 1976
Yoshimine, M.; Tanaka, K.; Tatewaki, H.; Obara, S.; Sasaki, F.; Ohno, K., The second ³Σ_u^- state of O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 64, 2254. [all data]

Stone, Lawrence, et al., 1976
Stone, E.J.; Lawrence, G.M.; Fairchild, C.E., Kinetic energies and angular distributions of oxygen atom photofragments produced by photodissociation of O₂ and N₂O in the vacuum ultraviolet, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 65, 5083. [all data]

Ogawa, 1975
Ogawa, M., Rotational analysis of the absorption spectrum of heavy oxygen (¹⁸O₂) in the region 1200-1285 Å, Can. J. Phys., 1975, 53, 2703. [all data]

Brix and Herzberg, 1954
Brix, P.; Herzberg, G., Fine structure of the Schumann-Runge bands near the convergence limit and the dissociation energy of the oxygen molecule, Can. J. Phys., 1954, 32, 110. [all data]

Vanderslice, Mason, et al., 1960
Vanderslice, J.T.; Mason, E.A.; Maisch, W.G.; Lippincott, E.R., Potential curves for N₂, NO, and O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 33, 614. [all data]

Ginter and Battino, 1965
Ginter, M.L.; Battino, R., On the calculation of potential curves by the Rydberg-Klein-Rees method. I. Experimental limitations, extrapolation procedures, and applications to the third-group hydrides, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 3222. [all data]

Bergeman and Wofsy, 1972
Bergeman, T.H.; Wofsy, S.C., The fine structure of O₂(B³Σ_u^-), Chem. Phys. Lett., 1972, 15, 104. [all data]

Wilkinson and Mulliken, 1957
Wilkinson, P.G.; Mulliken, R.S., Dissociation processes in oxygen above 1750 A, Astrophys. J., 1957, 125, 594. [all data]

Carroll, 1959
Carroll, P.K., Predissociation in the Schumann-Runge bands of oxygen, Astrophys. J., 1959, 129, 794. [all data]

Hudson and Carter, 1968
Hudson, R.D.; Carter, V.L., Absorption of oxygen at elevated temperatures (300 to 900 K) in the Schumann-Runge system, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1968, 58, 1621. [all data]

Snopko, 1970
Snopko, V.N., Absorption hot bands of the Schumann-Runge oxygen system, Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1970, 29, 445, In original 835. [all data]

Hudson and Mahle, 1972
Hudson, R.D.; Mahle, S.H., Photodissociation rates of molecular oxygen in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 1972, 77, 2902. [all data]

Schaefer and Miller, 1971
Schaefer, H.F., III; Miller, W.H., Curve crossing of the B³Σ_u^- and ³Π_u states of O₂ and its relation to predissociation in the Schumann-Runge bands, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 55, 4107. [all data]

Julienne and Krauss, 1975
Julienne, P.S.; Krauss, M., Predissociation of the Schumann-Runge bands of O₂, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1975, 56, 270. [all data]

Julienne, 1976
Julienne, P.S., ³Σ_u^--³Σ_u⁺ coupling in the O₂ B³Σ_u^- predissociation, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1976, 63, 60. [all data]

Riess and Ben-Aryeh, 1969
Riess, I.; Ben-Aryeh, Y., Application of the quantum Franck-Condon principle to predissociation in oxygen, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1969, 9, 1463. [all data]

Murrell and Taylor, 1969
Murrell, J.N.; Taylor, J.M., Predissociation in diatomic spectra with special reference to the Schumann-Runge bands of O₂, Mol. Phys., 1969, 16, 609. [all data]

Child, 1970
Child, M.S., Repulsive potential curves from predissociation data, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1970, 33, 487. [all data]

Durmaz and Murrell, 1971
Durmaz, S.; Murrell, J.N., The effect of rotations on the predissociation probabilities of diatomic molecular spectra, Mol. Phys., 1971, 21, 209. [all data]

Myers and Bartle, 1968
Myers, B.F.; Bartle, E.R., Shock-tube study of the radiative combination of oxygen atoms by inverse predissociation, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 3935. [all data]

Wray and Fried, 1971
Wray, K.L.; Fried, S.S., ARC study of the oxygen Schumann-Runge system, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1971, 11, 1171. [all data]

Sharma and Wray, 1971
Sharma, R.D.; Wray, K.L., Excitation mechanism for the O₂ Schumann-Runge system, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 4578. [all data]

Ogawa, 1966
Ogawa, M., Absorption spectrum of electrically excited oxygen molecules in the ultraviolet region, Sci. Light (Tokyo), 1966, 15, 97. [all data]

Ogawa and Chang, 1968
Ogawa, M.; Chang, H.-C., Absorption spectrum of electrically excited oxygen molecules. Part II, Sci. Light (Tokyo), 1968, 17, 45. [all data]

Halmann, 1964
Halmann, M., The far-ultraviolet absorption spectrum of ¹⁸O₂, ¹⁷O¹⁸O, and ¹⁶O¹⁸O, J. Chem. Soc., 1964, 4, 3729. [all data]

Halmann and Laulicht, 1965
Halmann, M.; Laulicht, I., Isotope effects on vibrational transition probabilities. The Schumann-Runge absorption bands of ¹⁶O₂ and ¹⁸O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 137. [all data]

Bass and Broida, 1964
Bass, A.M.; Broida, H.P., Vacuum ultraviolet absorption spectra of oxygen in liquid and crystalline argon and nitrogen, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1964, 12, 221. [all data]

Schnepp and Dressler, 1965
Schnepp, O.; Dressler, K., Schumann-Runge bands of O₂ in solid phases: spectroscopic measurement of intermolecular potentials, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 2482. [all data]

Boursey, Roncin, et al., 1970
Boursey, E.; Roncin, J.-Y.; Damany, N., Schumann-Runge bands of O₂ trapped in solid matrices, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1970, 5, 584. [all data]

Fugol, Gimpelevich, et al., 1976
Fugol, I.Ya.; Gimpelevich, L.G.; Timchenko, L.I., Electronic-vibrational states of oxygen in inert-gas crystals for the Schumann-Runge system, Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1976, 40, 159. [all data]

Feast, 1950
Feast, M.W., The Schumann-Runge O₂ emission bands in the region 3100A.-2500A., Proc. Phys. Soc. London Sect. A, 1950, 63, 549. [all data]

Herman, Herman, et al., 1961
Herman, L.; Herman, R.; Rakotoarijimy, D., Etude d'une decharge a frequence radio dans l'oxygene, J. Phys. Radium, 1961, 22, 1. [all data]

Bethke, 1959
Bethke, G.W., Oscillator strengths in the far ultraviolet. II. Oxygen Schumann-Runge bands, J. Chem. Phys., 1959, 31, 669. [all data]

Blake, Carver, et al., 1966
Blake, A.J.; Carver, J.H.; Haddad, G.N., Photo-absorption cross sections of molecular oxygen between 1250 Å and 2350 Å, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1966, 6, 451. [all data]

Farmer, Fabian, et al., 1968
Farmer, A.J.D.; Fabian, W.; Lewis, B.R.; Lokan, K.H.; Haddad, G.N., Experimental oscillator strengths for the Schumann-Runge band system in oxygen, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1968, 8, 1739. [all data]

Ackerman, Biaume, et al., 1970
Ackerman, M.; Biaume, F.; Kockarts, G., Absorption cross sections of the Schumann-Runge bands of molecular oxygen, Planet. Space Sci., 1970, 18, 1639. [all data]

Hasson, Hebert, et al., 1970
Hasson, V.; Hebert, G.R.; Nicholls, R.W., Measured transition probabilities for bands of the Schumann-Runge (B³Σ_u^--X³Σ_g^-) band system of molecular oxygen, J. Phys. B:, 1970, 3, 1188. [all data]

Goldstein and Mastrup, 1966
Goldstein, R.; Mastrup, F.N., Absorption coefficients of the O₂ Schumann-Runge continuum from 1270 Å ←= 1745 Å using a new continuum source, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1966, 56, 765. [all data]

Cartwright, Fiamengo, et al., 1976
Cartwright, D.C.; Fiamengo, N.A.; Williams, W.; Trajmar, S., Decomposition of the photoabsorption Schumann-Runge continuum in O₂, J. Phys. B:, 1976, 9, 419. [all data]

Julienne, Neumann, et al., 1976
Julienne, P.S.; Neumann, D.; Krauss, M., Transition moments for the B³Σ_u^- - X³Σ_g^- and ³Π_u - X³Σ_g^- transitions in O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 64, 2990. [all data]

Treanor and Wurster, 1960
Treanor, C.E.; Wurster, W.H., Measured transition probabilities for the Schumann-Runge system of oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 32, 758. [all data]

Krindach, Sobolev, et al., 1963
Krindach, N.I.; Sobolev, N.N.; Tunitskii, L.N., Determination of the electronic transition moments for the Schumann-Runge bands of the oxygen molecule. III, Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1963, 15, 326, In original 601. [all data]

Buttrey, 1969
Buttrey, D.E., Transition probabilities for the O₂ Schumann-Runge bands from shock-tube emission studies, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1969, 9, 1527. [all data]

Marr, 1964
Marr, G.V., The electronic transition moment for the Schumann-Runge band system of O₂, Can. J. Phys., 1964, 42, 382. [all data]

Halmann and Laulicht, 1967
Halmann, M.; Laulicht, I., Isotope effects on Franck-Condon factors. VII. Vibrational intensity distribution in the H₂ Lyman, H₂ Werner, O₂ Schumann-Runge, N₂ first positive, N₂ Vegard-Kaplan, and LiH (A-X) systems based on PKR potentials, J. Chem. Phys., 1967, 46, 2684. [all data]

Allison, Dalgarno, et al., 1971
Allison, A.C.; Dalgarno, A.; Pasachoff, N.W., Absorption by vibrationally excited molecular oxygen in the Schumann-Runge continuum, Planet. Space Sci., 1971, 19, 1463. [all data]

Jarmain, 1963
Jarmain, W.R., Franck-Condon factors from Klein-Dunham potentials for the v" = 0 progression of the Schumann-Runge system of O₂, Can. J. Phys., 1963, 41, 1926. [all data]

Harris, Blackledge, et al., 1969
Harris, R.; Blackledge, M.; Generosa, J., Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) Franck-Condon factors for the O₂ Schumann-Runge system including high vibrational quantum numbers, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1969, 30, 506. [all data]

Ben-Aryeh, 1968
Ben-Aryeh, Y., Spectral emissivity of the Schumann-Runge bands of oxygen, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1968, 58, 679. [all data]

Jarmain and Nicholls, 1964
Jarmain, W.R.; Nicholls, R.W., A theoretical study of the O₂X³Σ_g^- - B³Σ_u^- photodissociation continuum, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1964, 84, 417. [all data]

Herzberg, 1952
Herzberg, G., Forbidden transitions in diatomic molecules. II. The ³Σ_u⁺ ← ³Σ_g^- absorption bands of the oxygen molecule, Can. J. Phys., 1952, 30, 185. [all data]

Jarmain and Nicholls, 1967
Jarmain, W.R.; Nicholls, R.W., A theoretical study of the v"=0, 1, 2 progressions of bands and adjoining photodissociation continua of the O₂ Herzberg I system, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1967, 90, 545. [all data]

Broida and Gaydon, 1954
Broida, H.P.; Gaydon, A.G., The Herzberg bands of O₂ in an oxygen afterglow and in the night-sky spectrum, Proc. R. Soc. London A, 1954, 222, 181. [all data]

Degen, Innanen, et al., 1968
Degen, V.; Innanen, S.H.; Hebert, G.R.; Nicholls, R.W., Identification atlas of molecular spectra. 6. The O₂A³Σ_u⁺ - X³Σ_g^- Herzberg I system, York University, Centre fro REsearch in Experimental Space Science and Department of Physics, Toronto, Ontario, 1968, 1. [all data]

Jarmain, 1972
Jarmain, W.R., Realistic Franck-Condon factors and related integrals for diatomic molecules. II. The O₂ Herzberg I system, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1972, 12, 603. [all data]

Barth and Kaplan, 1957
Barth, C.A.; Kaplan, J., Herzberg oxygen bands in "air" afterglows and the night airglow, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 506. [all data]

Wraight, 1976
Wraight, P.C., Nightglow and a new band system in molecular oxygen, Nature (London), 1976, 263, 310. [all data]

Chamberlain, 1958
Chamberlain, J.W., The blue airglow spectrum, Astrophys. J., 1958, 128, 713. [all data]

Herzberg, 1932
Herzberg, G., Ein neuartiges, "verbotenes" absorptions-bandensystem des O₂-molekuls, Die Naturwissenschaften, 1932, 20, 577. [all data]

Chamberlain, 1955
Chamberlain, J.W., The ultraviolet airglow spectrum, Astrophys. J., 1955, 121, 277. [all data]

Barth and Patapoff, 1962
Barth, C.A.; Patapoff, M., Laboratory spectra of the ultraviolet oxygen airglow, Astrophys. J., 1962, 136, 1144. [all data]

Degen and Nicholls, 1968
Degen, V.; Nicholls, R.W., The oxygen-argon afterglow as a source of the O₂(A³Σ_u⁺-X³Σ_g^-) Herzberg I band system, J. Phys. B:, 1968, 1, 983. [all data]

Broida and Peyron, 1960
Broida, H.P.; Peyron, M., Emission spectra of N₂, O₂, and NO molecules trapped in solid matrices, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 32, 1068. [all data]

Ditchburn and Young, 1962
Ditchburn, R.W.; Young, P.A., The absorption of molecular oxygen between 1850 and 2500 Å, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 1962, 24, 127. [all data]

Degen and Nicholls, 1969
Degen, V.; Nicholls, R.W., Intensity measurements on the A³Σ_u⁺-X³Σ_g^- Herzberg I band system of O₂, J. Phys. B:, 1969, 2, 1240. [all data]

Ogawa, 1971
Ogawa, M., Absorption cross sections of O₂ and CO₂ continua in the Schumann and far-UV regions, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 2550. [all data]

Hasson and Nicholls, 1971
Hasson, V.; Nicholls, R.W., Absolute spectral absorption measurements on molecular oxygen from 2640-1920 Å: I. Herzberg I (A³Σ_u⁺-X³Σ_g^-) bands (2640-2430 Å), J. Phys. B:, 1971, 4, 1778. [all data]

Herzberg, 1953
Herzberg, G., Forbidden transitions in diatomic molecules. III. New ¹Σ_u^- ← ³Σ_g^- and ³Δ_u ← ³Σ_g^- absorption bands of the oxygen molecule, Can. J. Phys., 1953, 31, 657. [all data]

Wulf, 1928
Wulf, O.R., A progression relation in the molecular spectrum of oxygen occurring in the liquid and in the gas at high pressure, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1928, 14, 609. [all data]

Finkelnburg and Steiner, 1932
Finkelnburg, W.; Steiner, W., Uber die absorptionsspektren des hochkomprimierten sauerstoffs und die existenz von O₄-molekulen. I. Die ultravioletten banden zwischen 2900 und 2300 Å, Z. Phys., 1932, 79, 69. [all data]

Herman, 1939
Herman, L., Spectre d'absorption de l'oxygene, Ann. Phys. (Paris), 1939, 11, 548. [all data]

Degen and Nicholls, 1966
Degen, V.; Nicholls, R.W., Intensity measurement in the laboratory on the 0₂ Herzberg I(A³Σ_u⁺- X³Σ_g^-), J. Geophys. Res., 1966, 71, 3781. [all data]

Lawrence, Barth, et al., 1977
Lawrence, G.M.; Barth, C.A.; Argabright, V., Excitation of the Venus night airglow, Science, 1977, 195, 573. [all data]

Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973
Albritton, D.L.; Harrop, W.J.; Schmeltekopf, A.L.; Zare, R.N., Resolution of the discrepancies concerning the optical and microwave values for B_O and D_O of the X³Σ_g^- state of O₂, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1973, 46, 103. [all data]

Babcock and Herzberg, 1948
Babcock, H.D.; Herzberg, L., Fine structure of the red system of atmospheric oxygen bands, Astrophys. J., 1948, 108, 167. [all data]

Albritton, Harrop, et al., 1973, 2
Albritton, D.L.; Harrop, W.J.; Schmeltekopf, A.L.; Zare, R.N., Calculation of centrifugal distortion constants for diatomic molecules from RKR potentials, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1973, 46, 25. [all data]

Meinel, 1950
Meinel, A.B., O₂ emission bands in the infrared spectrum of the night sky, Astrophys. J., 1950, 112, 464. [all data]

Kaplan, 1947
Kaplan, J., Active oxygen, Nature (London), 1947, 159, 673. [all data]

Kvifte, 1951
Kvifte, G., Atmospheric oxygen bands in emission from neon-oxygen mixtures, and in night sky and auroral luminescences, Nature (London), 1951, 168, 741. [all data]

Miller, Boese, et al., 1969
Miller, J.H.; Boese, R.W.; Giver, L.P., Intensity measurements and rotational intensity distribution for the oxygen A-band, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 1969, 9, 1507. [all data]

Galkin, Zhukova, et al., 1972
Galkin, V.D.; Zhukova, L.N.; Mitrofanova, L.A., Line intensities and halfwidths in the A and B bands of the red atmospheric band system of O₂, Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1972, 33, 462, In original 837. [all data]

Dianov-Klokov, 1964
Dianov-Klokov, V.I., Absorption spectrum of oxygen at pressures from 2 to 35 atm in the region from 12,600 to 3600 Å, Opt. Spectrosc. Engl. Transl., 1964, 16, 224, In original 409. [all data]

Burch and Gryvnak, 1969
Burch, D.E.; Gryvnak, D.A., Strengths, widths, and shapes of the oxygen lines near 13,100 cm^-1 (7620 Å), Appl. Opt., 1969, 8, 1493. [all data]

Findlay, 1970
Findlay, F.D., Visible emission bands of molecular oxygen, Can. J. Phys., 1970, 48, 2107. [all data]

Falick, Mahan, et al., 1965
Falick, A.M.; Mahan, B.H.; Myers, R.J., Paramagnetic resonance spectrum of the ¹Δ_g oxygen molecule, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 1837. [all data]

Miller, 1971
Miller, T.A., Rotational moment, rotational g factor, electronic orbital g factor, and anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility of ¹Δ O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 330. [all data]

Arrington, Falick, et al., 1971
Arrington, C.A., Jr.; Falick, A.M.; Myers, R.J., Electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum of O₂(¹Δ_g)--its ¹⁷O hyperfine coupling and electronic and rotational g values, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 55, 909. [all data]

Herzberg and Herzberg, 1947
Herzberg, L.; Herzberg, G., Fine structure of the infrared atmospheric oxygen bands, Astrophys. J., 1947, 105, 353. [all data]

Jones and Harrison, 1958
Jones, A.V.; Harrison, A.W., ¹Δ_g-³Σ_g-O₂ infrared emission band in the twilight airglow spectrum, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 1958, 13, 45. [all data]

Noxon and Jones, 1962
Noxon, J.F.; Jones, A.V., Observation of the (O,O) band of the (¹Δ_g-³Σ_g^-) system of oxygen in the day and twilight airglow, Nature (London), 1962, 196, 157. [all data]

Gattinger, 1968
Gattinger, R.L., Observation and interpretation of the O₂(¹Δ_g-³Σ_g^-) airglow emissions, Can. J. Phys., 1968, 46, 1613. [all data]

Badger, Wright, et al., 1965
Badger, R.M.; Wright, A.C.; Whitlock, R.F., Absolute intensities of the discrete and continuous absorption bands of oxygen gas at 1.26 and 1.065 μ and the radiative lifetime of the ¹Δ_g state of oxygen, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 4345. [all data]

Jones and Gattinger, 1963
Jones, A.V.; Gattinger, R.L., The seasonal variation and excitation mechanism of the 1·58 μ ¹Δ_g-³Σ_g^- twilight airglow band, Planet. Space Sci., 1963, 11, 961. [all data]

Nicholls, Fraser, et al., 1960
Nicholls, R.W.; Fraser, P.A.; Jarmain, W.R.; McEachran, R.P., Vibrational transition probabilities of diatomic molecules: collected results. IV. BeO, BO, CH⁺, CO, NO, SH, O₂, O₂⁺, Astrophys. J., 1960, 131, 399. [all data]

Haslett and Fehsenfeld, 1969
Haslett, J.C.; Fehsenfeld, F.C., Ratio of the 0₂(¹Δ_g-³Σ_g^-) (0,0),(0,1) transitions, J. Geophys. Res., 1969, 74, 1878. [all data]

Curry and Herzberg, 1934
Curry, J.; Herzberg, G., Uber die ultravioletten absorptionsbanden des sauerstoffs (Schumann-Runge-Banden), Ann. Phys. (Neue Folge), 1934, 19, 800. [all data]

Vanderslice, Mason, et al., 1960, 2
Vanderslice, J.T.; Mason, E.A.; Maisch, W.G., Interactions between ground state oxygen atoms and molecules: O-O and O₂-O₂, J. Chem. Phys., 1960, 32, 515. [all data]

Johns and Lepard, 1975
Johns, J.W.C.; Lepard, D.W., Calculation of rotation-electronic energies and relative transition intensities in diatomic molecules, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1975, 55, 374. [all data]

Welch and Mizushima, 1972
Welch, W.M.; Mizushima, M., Molecular parameters of the O₂ molecule, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1972, 5, 2692. [all data]

Steinbach and Gordy, 1975
Steinbach, W.; Gordy, W., Microwave spectrum and molecular constants of ¹⁶O¹⁸O, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1975, 11, 729. [all data]

Tomuta, Mizushima, et al., 1975
Tomuta, L.; Mizushima, M.; Howard, C.J.; Evenson, K.M., Rotational structure and magnetic g factors of O₂(X³Σ_g^-, v = O) from laser-magnetic-resonance spectra, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1975, 12, 974. [all data]

Veseth and Lofthus, 1974
Veseth, L.; Lofthus, A., Fine structure and centrifugal distortion in the electronic and microwave spectra of O₂ and SO, Mol. Phys., 1974, 27, 511. [all data]

Steinbach and Gordy, 1973
Steinbach, W.; Gordy, W., Millimeter and submillimeter wave spectrum of ¹⁸O₂, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1973, 8, 1753. [all data]

Mizushima, Wells, et al., 1972
Mizushima, M.; Wells, J.S.; Evenson, K.M.; Welch, W.M., Laser magnetic resonance of the O₂ molecule using the 337-μm HCN laser, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1972, 29, 831. [all data]

Evenson and Mizushima, 1972
Evenson, K.M.; Mizushima, M., Laser magnetic resonance of the O₂ molecule using 119- and 78-μm H₂O laser lines, Phys. Rev. A: Gen. Phys., 1972, 6, 2197. [all data]

Gustafson and Gordy, 1974
Gustafson, S.; Gordy, W., The microwave Stark effect in oxygen, Phys. Lett. A, 1974, 49, 161. [all data]

Edwards, Good, et al., 1976
Edwards, H.G.M.; Good, E.A.M.; Long, D.A., Pure rotational Raman spectra of ¹⁶O₂, ¹⁶O¹⁸O and ¹⁸O₂, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1976, 72, 865. [all data]

Harney and Milanovich, 1976
Harney, R.C.; Milanovich, F.P., Raman spectrum and molecular parameters of ¹⁸O₂, Can. J. Spectrosc., 1976, 21, 162. [all data]

Altmann, Klockner, et al., 1977
Altmann, K.; Klockner, W.; Strey, G., Determination of the anharmonicity constant of oxygen by Raman measurements, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1977, 46, 461. [all data]

Rich and Lepard, 1971
Rich, N.H.; Lepard, D.W., Spin structure in the Raman spectrum of oxygen, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1971, 38, 549. [all data]

Samson and Gardner, 1975
Samson, J.A.R.; Gardner, J.L., On the ionization potential of molecular oxygen, Can. J. Phys., 1975, 53, 1948. [all data]

Al-Joboury, May, et al., 1965
Al-Joboury, M.I.; May, D.P.; Turner, D.W., Molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Part III. The ionization potentials of oxygen, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and acetylene, J. Chem. Soc., 1965, 616. [all data]

Turner and May, 1966
Turner, D.W.; May, D.P., Franck-Condon factors in ionization: experimental measurement using molecular photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1966, 45, 471. [all data]

Turner, 1968
Turner, D.W., High resolution molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. I. Fine structure in the spectra of hydrogen and oxygen, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1968, A307, 15. [all data]

McNeal and Cook, 1966
McNeal, R.J.; Cook, G.R., Photoionization of O₂ in the metastable a1_g state, J. Chem. Phys., 1966, 45, 3469. [all data]

Samson and Cairns, 1966
Samson, J.A.R.; Cairns, R.B., Ionization potential of O₂, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1966, 56, 769. [all data]

Siegbahn, Nordling, et al., 1969
Siegbahn, K.; Nordling, C.; Johansson, G.; Hedman, J.; Heden, P.F.; Hamrin, k.; Gelius, U.; Bergmark, T.; Werme, L.O.; Manne, R.; Baer, ESCA Applied to Free Molecules, North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1969, 0. [all data]

Huber and Herzberg, 1979
Huber, K.P.; Herzberg, G., Molecular Spectra and Molecular Structure. IV. Constants of Diatomic Molecules, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, 1979, 716. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Constants of diatomic molecules, References

Symbols used in this document:

T Temperature

Δ_rG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions

Δ_rH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

Δ_rS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.

T	Temperature
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions