GA1, Me-TMS

• Formula: C₂₆H₄₂O₆Si₂
• Molecular weight: 506.7791
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C26H42O6Si2/c1-16-14-24-15-25(16,32-34(7,8)9)12-10-17(24)26-13-11-18(31-33(4,5)6)23(2,22(28)30-26)20(26)19(24)21(27)29-3/h17-20H,1,10-15H2,2-9H3/t17?,18-,19?,20?,23+,24-,25-,26+/m1/s1 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UOYZRHLGPUDVGI-RWHUMPPASA-N Copy
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
• Stereoisomers:
  • 3-epi-GA1 methyl ester TMS ether
  • [13C]GA1 methyl ester TMS ether
  • 3-epi-GA1, MeTMSi
  • [2H2]GA1, MeTMS
  • [14C1]GA1 methyl ester TMS ether
  • GA3-isolactone, methyl ester TMS ether
  • [13C]3-epi-GA1 methyl ester TMS ether
  • epi-GA1, MeTMSi
• Other names: GA1, MeTMSi; GA1 methyl ester TMS ether; GA1, methyl ester TMS; Gibberelline GA1, methyl ester TMS ether; Gibberellin GA1, methyl ester trimethylsilyl ether
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Emery, Pearce, et al., 2001
Emery, R.J.N.; Pearce, D.W.; Pharis, R.P.; Reid, D.M.; Chinnappa, C.C., Stem elongation and gibberellins in alpine and prairie ecotypes of Stellaria longipes, Plant Growth Regul., 2001, 35, 1, 17-29, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013823517189 . [all data]

Morvan-Bertrand, Ernstsen, et al., 2001
Morvan-Bertrand, A.; Ernstsen, A.; Lindgård, B.; Koshioka, M.; le Saos, J.; Boucaud, J.; Prud'homme, M.-P.; Junttila, O., Endogenous gibberellins in Lolium perenne and influence of defoliation on their contents in elongating leaf bases and in leaf sheaths, Physiol. Plant., 2001, 111, 2, 225-231, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1110214.x . [all data]

Koshioka, Miyamoto, et al., 1998
Koshioka, M.; Miyamoto, K.; Horio, T.; Namura, S.; Hisamatsu, T.; Kubota, S.; Ernstsen, A.; Junttila, O.; Mander, L.N., Identification of endogenous gibberellins in stems and leaves in vegetative growth stage of Gentiana triflora, J. Plant Physiol., 1998, 153, 1-2, 230-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0176-1617(98)80071-0 . [all data]

Odén, Wang, et al., 1995
Odén, P.C.; Wang, Q.; Högberg, K.-A.; Werner, M., Transport and metabolism of gibberellins in relation to flower bud differentiation in Norway spruce (Picea abies), Tree Physiol., 1995, 15, 7-8, 451-456, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/15.7-8.451 . [all data]

Toyomasu, Tsuji, et al., 1993
Toyomasu, T.; Tsuji, H.; Yamane, H.; Nakayama, M.; Yamaguchi, I.; Murofushi, N.; Takahashi, N.; Inoue, Y., Light effects on endogenous levels of gibberellins in photoblastic lettuce seeds, J. Plant Growth Regul., 1993, 12, 2, 85-90, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00193238 . [all data]

Poling, 1991
Poling, S.M., Identification of endogenous gibberellins in immature navel orange fruit, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 4, 677-680, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00004a010 . [all data]

Talón, Hedden, et al., 1990
Talón, M.; Hedden, P.; Primo-Millo, E., Gibberellins in Citrus sinensis: a comparison between seeded and seedless varieties, J. Plant Growth Regul., 1990, 9, 4, 201-206, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02041963 . [all data]

Hedden, Croker, et al., 1989
Hedden, P.; Croker, S.J.; Rademacher, W.; Jung, J., Effects of the triazole plant growth retardant BAS 111..W on gibberellin levels in oilseed rape, Brassica napus, Physiol. Plant., 1989, 75, 4, 445-451, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1989.tb05607.x . [all data]

Kim, Lee, et al., 2003
Kim, S.-K.; Lee, S.-C.; Shin, D.-H.; Jang, S.-W.; Nam, J.-W.; Park, T.-S.; Lee, I.-J., Quantification of endogenous gibberellins in leaves and tubers of Chinese yam, Dioscorea opposita Thunb. cv. Tsukune during tuber enlargement, Plant Growth Regul., 2003, 39, 2, 125-130, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022569506883 . [all data]

Pearce, Hutt, et al., 2002
Pearce, D.W.; Hutt, O.E.; Rood, S.B.; Mander, L.N., Gibberellins in shoots and developing capsules of Populus species, Phytochemistry, 2002, 59, 6, 679-687, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00009-2 . [all data]

Gutiérrez-Mañero, Ramos-Solano, et al., 2001
Gutiérrez-Mañero, F.J.; Ramos-Solano, B.; Probanza, A.; Mehouachi, J.; Tadeo, R.; Talon, M., The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilus and Baillus licheniformis produce high amounts of physiologically active gibberellins, Physiol. Plant., 2001, 111, 2, 206-211, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1110211.x . [all data]

Taylor, Blake, et al., 2000
Taylor, D.R.; Blake, P.S.; Crisp, C.M., Identification of gibberellins in leaf exudates of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.), Plant Growth Regul., 2000, 30, 3, 221-223, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006385617161 . [all data]

Taylor, Blake, et al., 2000, 2
Taylor, D.R.; Blake, P.S.; Crisp, C.M., Identification of gibberellins in leaf tissues of day-neutral strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars, Plant Growth Regul., 2000, 30, 1, 5-7, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006275024517 . [all data]

Roberts, Blake, et al., 1999
Roberts, A.V.; Blake, P.S.; Lewis, R.; Taylor, J.M.; Dunstan, D.I., The effect of gibberellins on flowering in roses, J. Plant Growth Regul., 1999, 18, 3, 113-119, https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00007058 . [all data]

Hisamatsu, Koshioka, et al., 1998
Hisamatsu, T.; Koshioka, M.; Kubota, S.; Nishijima, T.; Yamane, H.; King, R.W.; Mander, L.N., Isolation and identification of GA₁₁₂ (12β-hydroxy-GA₁₂) in Matthiola incana, Phytochemistry, 1998, 47, 1, 3-6, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00543-8 . [all data]

Webb, Appleford, et al., 1998
Webb, S.E.; Appleford, N.E.J.; Gaskin, P.; Lenton, J.R., Gibberellins in internodes and ears of wheat containing different dwarfing alleles, Phytochemistry, 1998, 47, 5, 671-677, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00684-5 . [all data]

Grünzweig, Rabinowitch, et al., 1997
Grünzweig, J.M.; Rabinowitch, H.D.; Katan, J.; Wodner, M.; Ben-Tal, Y., Endogenous gibberellins in foliage of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Phytochemistry, 1997, 46, 5, 811-815, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(97)00383-X . [all data]

Kappers, Jordi, et al., 1997
Kappers, I.F.; Jordi, W.; Maas, F.M.; van der Plas, L.H.W., Gibberellins in leaves of Alstroemeria hybrida: identification and quantification in relation to leaf age, J. Plant Growth Regul., 1997, 16, 4, 219-225, https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00007000 . [all data]

Rijnders, Yang, et al., 1997
Rijnders, J.G.H.M.; Yang, Y.-Y.; Kamiya, Y.; Takahashi, N.; Barendse, G.W.M.; Blom, C.W.P.M.; Voesenek, L.A.C.J., Ethylene enhances gibberellin levels and petiole sensitivity in flooding-tolerant Rumex palustris but not in flooding-intolerant R. acetosa, Planta, 1997, 203, 1, 20-25, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00050160 . [all data]

Kobayashi, Spray, et al., 1996
Kobayashi, M.; Spray, C.R.; Phinney, B.O.; Gaskin, P.; MacMillan, J., Gibberellin metabolism in maize. The stepwise conversion of gibberellin A₁₂-aldehyde to gibberellin A₂₀, Plant Physiol., 1996, 110, 413-418. [all data]

MacMillan and Gaskin, 1996
MacMillan, J.; Gaskin, P., Gibberellins in endosperm and embryos of Marah macrocarpus, Phytochemistry, 1996, 42, 5, 1263-1266, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00179-3 . [all data]

Spray, Kobayashi, et al., 1996
Spray, C.R.; Kobayashi, M.; Suzuki, Y.; Phinney, B.O.; Gaskin, P.; MacMillan, J., The dwarf-1 (dl) mutant of Zea mays blocks three steps in the gibberellin-biosynthetic pathway, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 1996, 93, 19, 10515-10518, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.19.10515 . [all data]

Ridoutt, Pharis, et al., 1995
Ridoutt, B.G.; Pharis, R.P.; Sands, R., Identification and quantification of cambial region hormones of Eucalyptus globulus, Plant Cell Physiol., 1995, 36, 6, 1143-1147. [all data]

Santes, Hedden, et al., 1995
Santes, C.M.; Hedden, P.; Gaskin, P.; Garcia-Martinez, J.L., Gibberellins and related compounds in young fruits of pea and their relationship to fruit-set, Phytochemistry, 1995, 40, 5, 1347-1355, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00489-T . [all data]

Talo, Spray, et al., 1995
Talo, A.; Spray, C.R.; Somers, D.A.; Donovan, C.M.; Gaskin, P.; Macmillian, J.; Phinney, B.O., Endogenous gibberellins from callus cultures of maize, Phytochemistry, 1995, 40, 1, 11-15, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00000-W . [all data]

Blake and Browning, 1994
Blake, P.S.; Browning, G., Gibberellins in developing fruits of Prunus avium, Phytochemistry, 1994, 35, 6, 1383-1386, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86860-0 . [all data]

Hasan, Ridoutt, et al., 1994
Hasan, O.; Ridoutt, B.G.; Ross, J.J.; Davies, N.W.; Reid, J.B., Identification and quantification of endogenous gibberellins in apical buds and the cambial region of Eucalyptus, Physiol. Plant., 1994, 90, 3, 475-480, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1994.tb08804.x . [all data]

Kobayashi, Gaskin, et al., 1994
Kobayashi, M.; Gaskin, P.; Spray, C.R.; Phinney, B.O.; MacMillan, J., The metabolism of gibberellin A₂₀ to gibberellin A₁ by tall and dwarf mutants of Oryza sativa and Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant Physiol., 1994, 106, 1367-1372. [all data]

Pearce, Koshioka, et al., 1994
Pearce, D.W.; Koshioka, M.; Pharis, R.P., Chromatography of gibberellins, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 658, 1, 91-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)85210-3 . [all data]

Taylor, Blake, et al., 1994
Taylor, D.R.; Blake, P.S.; Browning, G., Identification of gibberellins in leaf tissues of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) grown under different photoperiods, Plant Growth Regul., 1994, 15, 3, 235-240, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00029896 . [all data]

Hedden, Hoad, et al., 1993
Hedden, P.; Hoad, G.V.; Gaskin, P.; Lewis, M.J.; Green, J.R.; Furber, M.; Mander, L.N., Kaurenoids and gibberellins, including the newly characterized gibberellin A₈₈, in developing apple seeds, Phytochemistry, 1993, 32, 2, 231-237, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)94973-2 . [all data]

Kobayashi, Gaskin, et al., 1993
Kobayashi, M.; Gaskin, P.; Spray, C.R.; Suzuki, Y.; Phinney, B.O.; MacMillan, J., Metabolism and biological activity of Gibberellin A₄ in vegetative shoots of Zea mays, Oryza sativa, and Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant Physiol., 1993, 102, 379-386. [all data]

Waycott, Smith, et al., 1991
Waycott, W.; Smith, V.A.; Gaskin, P.; MacMillan, J.; Taiz, L., The endogenous gibberellins of dwarf mutants of lettuce, Plant Physiol., 1991, 95, 4, 1169-1173, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.95.4.1169 . [all data]

Poling and Maier, 1988
Poling, S.M.; Maier, V.P., Identification of endogenous gibberellins in navel orange shoots, Plant Physiol., 1988, 88, 3, 639-642, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.88.3.639 . [all data]

Heupel R.C., Phinney B.O., et al., 1985
Heupel R.C.; Phinney B.O.; Spray C.R.; Gaskin P.; MacMillan J.; Hedden P.; Graebe J.E., Native gibberellins and the metabolism of [14C] gibberellin A53 and of [17-C-13,17-3H)] gibberellin A-20 in tassels of Zea-mays, Phytochemistry, 1985, 24, 1, 47-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)80805-5 . [all data]

Gaskin, Gilmour, et al., 1984
Gaskin, P.; Gilmour, S.J.; Lenton, J.R.; MacMillan, J.; Sponsel, V.M., Endogenous gibberellins and kauranoids identified from developing and germinating barley grain, J. Plant Growth Regul., 1984, 2, 1-4, 229-242, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02042252 . [all data]

Fujioka, Yamane, et al., 1988
Fujioka, S.; Yamane, H.; Spray, C.R.; Gaskin, P.; Macmillan, J.; Phinney, B.O.; Takahashi, N., Qualitative and quantitative analyses of gibberellins in vegetative shoots of normal, dwarf-1, dwarf-2, dwarf-3, and dwarf-5 seedlings of Zea mays L., Plant Physiol., 1988, 88, 4, 1367-1372, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.88.4.1367 . [all data]

Koshioka, Pharis, et al., 1988
Koshioka, M.; Pharis, R.P.; Matsuta, N.; Mander, L.N., Metabolism of [3H]gibberellin A5 and [2H]gibberellin A5 in cell suspension cultures of prunus persica, Phytochemistry, 1988, 27, 12, 3799-3805, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83020-6 . [all data]

Suzuki, Ishiyama, et al., 2005
Suzuki, H.; Ishiyama, K.; Kobayashi, M.; Ogawa, T., Specific expression of the gibberellin 3β -hydroxylase gene, HvGA3ox2, in the epithelium is important for Amy1 expression in germinating barley seeds, Plant Biotechnology, 2005, 22, 3, 195-200, https://doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.195 . [all data]

Chung, Kuo, et al., 2003
Chung, J.-D.; Kuo, S.-R.; Chien, C.-T., Identification and quantification of gibberellin transformation and dosage changes in good and poor flowering clones of Calocedrus formosana grafts, Taiwan J. For. Sci., 2003, 18, 4, 387-400. [all data]

Stokes, Mander, et al., 2003
Stokes, T.S.; Mander, L.N.; Croker, S.J.; Twitchin, B.; Hanke, D.E., 3β,13-Dihydroxylated C₂₀ gibberellins from inflorescences of Rumex acetosa L., Phytochemistry, 2003, 62, 2, 165-174, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(02)00442-9 . [all data]

Yamazaki, Nishijima, et al., 2002
Yamazaki, H.; Nishijima, T.; Koshioka, M.; Miura, H., Gibberellins do no act against abscisic acid in the regulation of bulb dormancy of Allium wakegi Araki, Plant Growth Regul., 2002, 36, 3, 223-229, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016577529378 . [all data]

Chang, Chen, et al., 2001
Chang, S.-T.; Chen, W.-S.; Koshioka, M.; Mander, L.N.; Huang, K.-L.; Du, B.-S., Gibberellins in relation to flowering in Polianthes tuberosa, Physiol. Plant., 2001, 112, 3, 429-432, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1120317.x . [all data]

Fos, Nuez, et al., 2000
Fos, M.; Nuez, F.; Garcia-Martinez, J.L., The gene pat-2, which induces natural partenocarpy, alters the gibberellin content in unpollinated tomato ovaries, Plant Physiol., 2000, 122, 2, 471-479, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.122.2.471 . [all data]

Martínez-García, Santes, et al., 2000
Martínez-García, J.F.; Santes, C.M.; García-Martínez, J.L., The end-of-day far-red irradiation increases gibberellin A₁ content in cowpea (Vigna sinensis) epicotyls by reducing its inactivation, Physiol. Plant., 2000, 108, 4, 426-434, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2000.t01-1-100413.x . [all data]

Pérez, Viani, et al., 2000
Pérez, F.J.; Viani, C.; Retamales, J., Bioactive gibberellins in seeded and seedless grapes: identification and changes in content during berry development, Am. J. Enol. Vitic, 2000, 51, 4, 315-318. [all data]

Ross, MacKenzie-Hose, et al., 1999
Ross, J.J.; MacKenzie-Hose, A.K.; Davies, P.J.; Lester, D.R.; Twitchin, B.; Reid, J.B., Further evidence for feedback regulation of gibberellin biosynthesis in pea, Physiol. Plant., 1999, 105, 3, 532-538, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.105319.x . [all data]

Wang, Little, et al., 1996
Wang, Q.; Little, C.H.A.; Moritz, T.; Odén, P.C., Identification of endogenous gibberellins, and metabolism of tritiated and deuterated GA₄, GA₉, and GA₂₀, in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) shoots, Physiol. Plant., 1996, 97, 4, 764-771, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1996.tb00542.x . [all data]

Kawaide, Sassa, et al., 1995
Kawaide, H.; Sassa, T.; Kamiya, Y., Plant-like biosynthesis of gibberellin A₁ in the fungus Phaeosphaeria Sp. L487, Phytochemistry, 1995, 39, 2, 305-310, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(95)00006-S . [all data]

Koshioka, Nishijama, et al., 1995
Koshioka, M.; Nishijama, T.; Mander, L.N., Gibberellin metabolism in suspension cultured cells of Raphanus Sativus, Phytochemistry, 1995, 38, 2, 359-363, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00624-3 . [all data]

Lange, Hedden, et al., 1993
Lange, T.; Hedden, P.; Graebe, J.E., Biosynthesis of 12α- and 13-hydroxylated gibberellins in a cell-free system from Cucurbita maxima endosperm and the identification of new endogenous gibberellins, Planta, 1993, 189, 3, 340-349, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194430 . [all data]

Lange, Hedden, et al., 1993, 2
Lange, T.; Hedden, P.; Graebe, J.E., Gibberellin biosynthesis in cell-free extracts from developing Cucurbita maxima embryos and the identification of new endogenous gibberellins, Planta, 1993, 189, 3, 350-358, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00194431 . [all data]

Nishijima, Murakami, et al., 1993
Nishijima, T.; Murakami, F.; Koshioka, M.; Yamazaki, H., Endogenous gibberellins in Aralia cordata, Japan Society for Biosci. Biotechnol. Agrochem., 1993, 57, 1, 1953-1954, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.1953 . [all data]

Talon, Zacarias, et al., 1992
Talon, M.; Zacarias, L.; PRimo-Millo, E., Gibberellins and Partenocarpic ability in developing ovaries of seedless mandarins, Plant Physiol., 1992, 99, 4, 1575-1581, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.99.4.1575 . [all data]

Beall, Morgan, et al., 1991
Beall, F.D.; Morgan, P.W.; Mander, L.N.; Miller, F.R.; Babb, K.H., Genetic regulation of development in Sorghum bicolor. V. The ma₃^R allele results in gibberellin enrichment, Plant Physiol., 1991, 95, 1, 116-125, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.95.1.116 . [all data]

Garcia-Martinez, Santes, et al., 1991
Garcia-Martinez, J.L.; Santes, C.; Croker, S.J.; Hedden, P., Identification, quantitation and distribution of gibberellins in fruits of Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska during pod development, Planta, 1991, 184, 1, 53-60, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00208236 . [all data]

Matheussen, Morgan, et al., 1991
Matheussen, A.-M.; Morgan, P.W.; Frederiksen, R.A., Implication of gibberellins in head smut (Sporisorium reilianum) of Sorghum bicolor, Plant Physiol., 1991, 96, 2, 537-544, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.96.2.537 . [all data]

Nakayama, Yamane, et al., 1990
Nakayama, M.; Yamane, H.; Yokota, T.; Yamaguchi, I.; Murofushi, N.; Takahashi, N.; Nishijima, T.; Katsura, N.; Nonaka, M.; Gaskin, P.; MacMillan, J.; Mander, L.N.; Chu, A., Endogenous gibberellins in mature seed of Raphanus sativus L. cv. Taibyo-sobutori, Agric. Biol. Chem., 1990, 54, 3, 837-840, https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.54.837 . [all data]

Yamane, Fujioka, et al., 1988
Yamane, H.; Fujioka, S.; Spray, C.R.; Phinney, B.O.; MacMillan, J.; Gaskin, P.; Takahashi, N., Endogenous Gibberellines from Sporophytes of Two Tree Ferns, Cibotium glaucum and Dicksonia antarctica, Plant Phisiol., 1988, 86, 3, 857-862, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.86.3.857 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.