Carbazole
- Formula: C12H9N
- Molecular weight: 167.2066
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 86-74-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 9H-Carbazole; Dibenzopyrrole; Dibenzo[b,d]pyrrole; Diphenylenimine; 9-Azafluorene; Diphenylenimide; Diphenyleneimine; USAF EK-600; SKF 20091; NSC 3498
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 49.00 ± 0.72 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Jimenez, Roux, et al., 1990 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | 50.10 ± 0.84 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Sabbah and Antipine, 1987 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | 53.27 | kcal/mol | N/A | Tavernier and Lamouroux, 1957 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of 125.1±3.6 kj/mol from Tavernier and Lamouroux, 1957 and ΔsubH° value of 97.8 kj/mol from Tavernier and Lamouroux, 1957.; DRB |
IR Spectrum
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Phase Spectrum
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Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.
Additional Data
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Owner | NIST Standard Reference Data Program Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract |
State | gas |
UV/Visible spectrum
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina
Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Source | Walba and Branch, 1951 |
---|---|
Owner | INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
Origin | INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS |
Source reference | RAS UV No. 595 |
Instrument | Beckman spectrophotometer |
Melting point | 246.2 |
Boiling point | 354.7 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-1 | 160. | 1781. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
Capillary | OV-101 | 140. | 1761.1 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | SE-30 | 1784. | Ramsey, Lee, et al., 1980 | He, Chromosorb G HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m; Program: not specified |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-1 | 1801.1 | Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | OV-1 | 1820.5 | Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 180. C |
Packed | SE-30 | 1810. | Peng, Ding, et al., 1988 | He, Supelcoport and Chromosorb, 40. C @ 4. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1851. | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | SE-54 | 1806. | Weber, 1986 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.17 μm, H2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 35. C |
Capillary | SE-54 | 1836. | Weber, 1986 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.17 μm, H2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 35. C |
Capillary | SE-52 | 1766. | Beernaert, 1979 | He, 50. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min; Column length: 33.3 m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Tend: 320. C |
Capillary | SE-52 | 1838. | Cantuti, Cartoni, et al., 1965 | N2, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 50. m; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 300. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 1823. | Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min) |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 1789. | Oda, Ichikawa, et al., 1996 | Program: 50C (2min) => 20C/min => 160C => 5C/min => 210C => 10C/min => 300C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 1841. | Grung, Lichtenthaler, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 1790. | Elizalde-González, Hutfliess, et al., 1996 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, H2, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 35. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 1768. | Okumura, 1991 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 260. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane, unknown content of Ph-groups | 1849. | Geldon, 1989 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane, unknown content of Ph-groups | 1852. | Geldon, 1989 | Program: not specified |
Other | Methyl Silicone | 1784. | Ardrey and Moffat, 1981 | Program: not specified |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5MS | 308.63 | Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 309.24 | Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 310. C |
Capillary | SE-54 | 310.15 | Chen, 1996 | 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 309.63 | Blanco, Blanco, et al., 1989 | H2, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 310.35 | Wise, Benner, et al., 1988 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 309.22 | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | SE-52 | 311.71 | Vassilaros, Kong, et al., 1982 | 20. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 265. C |
Capillary | SE-52 | 312.13 | Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979 | 12. m/0.3 mm/0.34 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5MS | 309.8 | Wang, Li, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 6C/min => 258C => 2C/min => 300C(4min) |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 309.80 | Wang, Li, et al., 2007, 2 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 310.35 | Wang, Li, et al., 2007, 2 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 311.71 | Wang, Li, et al., 2007, 2 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5 | 307.9 | Lundstedt, Haglund, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SE-54 | 312.13 | Chen, 1996 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SE-54 | 309.02 | Guillen, Iglesias, et al., 1992 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-101 | 311.0 | Tucminen, Wickstrom, et al., 1986 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-101 | 314.3 | Tucminen, Wickstrom, et al., 1986 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Jimenez, Roux, et al., 1990
Jimenez, P.; Roux, M.V.; Turrion, C.,
Thermochemical properties of N-heterocyclic compounds. III. Enthalpies of combustion, vapour pressures and enthalpies of sublimation, and enthalpies of formation of 9H-carbazole, 9-methylcarbazole, and 9-ethylcarbazole,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1990, 22, 721-726. [all data]
Sabbah and Antipine, 1987
Sabbah, R.; Antipine, I.,
Thermodynamic study on four polycycles. Relationship between their energy values and their structure,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1987, 392-400. [all data]
Tavernier and Lamouroux, 1957
Tavernier, P.; Lamouroux, M.,
Determinations calorimetriques relatives a vingt et une substances organiques,
Mem. Poudres, 1957, 39, 335-356. [all data]
Walba and Branch, 1951
Walba, H.; Branch, G.E.K.,
The absorption spectra of some N-substituted p-aminotriphenylmethyl ions,
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Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997
Zhang, M.; Chen, B.; Shen, S.; Chen, S.,
Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by g.c.-FT-i.r. analysis of middle oil fractions,
Fuel, 1997, 76, 5, 415-423, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(97)85518-4
. [all data]
Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981
Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M.,
Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions,
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. [all data]
Ramsey, Lee, et al., 1980
Ramsey, J.D.; Lee, T.D.; Osselton, M.D.; Moffat, A.C.,
Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 296 non-drug substances on SE-30 or OV-1 likely to be encountered in toxicological analyses,
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Zhang, Shen, et al., 2000
Zhang, M.-J.; Shen, S.-D.; Chen, S.-Y.; Sun, Y.-H.,
Analysis of heavy oil fractions in high-temperature coal tar by capillary gas chromatography/fourier transform infrared spectrometry,
Chin. J. Chromatogr., 2000, 18, 3, 241-246. [all data]
Peng, Ding, et al., 1988
Peng, C.T.; Ding, S.F.; Hua, R.L.; Yang, Z.C.,
Prediction of Retention Indexes I. Structure-Retention Index Relationship on Apolar Columns,
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Rostad and Pereira, 1986
Rostad, C.E.; Pereira, W.E.,
Kovats and Lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest,
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Weber, 1986
Weber, L.,
Utilization of the Sadtler standard RI system in micropollution analyses,
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Beernaert, 1979
Beernaert, H.,
Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Polyclylic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
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Cantuti, Cartoni, et al., 1965
Cantuti, V.; Cartoni, G.P.; Liberti, A.; Torri, A.G.,
Improved evaluation of polynuclear hydrocarbons in atmospheric dust by gas chromatography,
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Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997
Yasuhara, A.; Shiraishi, H.; Nishikawa, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Uehiro, T.; Nakasugi, O.; Okumura, T.; Kenmotsu, K.; Fukui, H.; Nagase, M.; Ono, Y.; Kawagoshi, Y.; Baba, K.; Noma, Y.,
Determination of organic components in leachates from hazardous waste disposal sites in Japan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
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Oda, Ichikawa, et al., 1996
Oda, J.; Ichikawa, S.; Mori, T.,
Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in airborne particulates by capillary GC/MS method with programmed temperature relative retention index,
Bunseki Kagaku, 1996, 45, 9, 825-835, https://doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.45.825
. [all data]
Grung, Lichtenthaler, et al., 2007
Grung, M.; Lichtenthaler, R.; Ahel, M.; Tollefsen, K.-E.; Langford, K.; Thomas, K.V.,
Effects-directed analysis of organic toxicants in wastewater effluent from Zagreb, Croatia,
Chemosphere, 2007, 67, 1, 108-120, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.021
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Elizalde-González, Hutfliess, et al., 1996
Elizalde-González, M.P.; Hutfliess, M.; Hedden, K.,
Retention index system, adsorption characteristics, and sructure correlations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fuels,
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Okumura, 1991
Okumura, T.,
retention indices of environmental chemicals on methyl silicone capillary column,
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Geldon, 1989
Geldon, A.L.,
Ground Water Hydrology of the Central Raton Basin, Colorado and New Mexico, US Geological Survey, US Government Printing Office, 1989, 104. [all data]
Ardrey and Moffat, 1981
Ardrey, R.E.; Moffat, A.C.,
Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 1318 substances of toxicological interest on SE-30 or OV-1 stationary phase,
J. Chromatogr., 1981, 220, 3, 195-252, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81925-1
. [all data]
Chen, Keeran, et al., 2002
Chen, P.H.; Keeran, W.S.; Van Ausdale, W.A.; Schindler, D.R.; Roberts, D.W.,
Application of Lee retention indices to the confirmation of tentatively identified compounds from GC/MS analysis of environmental samples, Technical paper, Analytical Services Division, Environmental ScienceEngineering, Inc, PO Box 1703, Gainesville, FL 32602, 2002, 11. [all data]
Chen, 1996
Chen, J.,
GC and GC/MS methods for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in sediment of the grand canal of China,
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Blanco, Blanco, et al., 1989
Blanco, C.G.; Blanco, J.; Bermejo, J.; Guillen, M.D.,
Capillary gas chromatography of some polycyclic aromatic compounds on several stationary phases,
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Wise, Benner, et al., 1988
Wise, S.A.; Benner, B.A.; Byrd, G.D.; Chesler, S.N.; Rebbert, R.E.; Schantz, M.M.,
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a coal tar standard reference material,
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Vassilaros, Kong, et al., 1982
Vassilaros, D.L.; Kong, R.C.; Later, D.W.; Lee, M.L.,
Linear retention index system for polycyclic aromatic compounds. Critical evaluation and additional indices,
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Lee, Vassilaros, et al., 1979
Lee, M.L.; Vassilaros, D.L.; White, C.M.; Novotny, M.,
Retention Indices for Programmed-Temperature Capillary-Column Gas Chromatography of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons,
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Wang, Li, et al., 2007
Wang, Z.; Li, K.; Lambert, P.; Yang, C.,
Identification, characterization and quantitation of pyrogenic polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons and other organic compounds in tire fire products,
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Identification and characterization of polycyclic aromatic compounds in tire fire products and differentiation of pyrogenic PAHs from petrogenic PAHs
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Lundstedt, Haglund, et al., 2003
Lundstedt, S.; Haglund, P.; Öberg, L.,
Degradation and formation of polycyclic aromatic compounds during bioslurry treatment of an aged gasworks soil,
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Guillen, Iglesias, et al., 1992
Guillen, M.D.; Iglesias, M.J.; Dominguez, A.; Blanco, C.G.,
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon retention indices on SE-54 stationary phase of the volatile components of a coal tar pitch. Relationships between chromatographic retention and thermal reactivity,
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Tucminen, Wickstrom, et al., 1986
Tucminen, A.; Wickstrom, K.; Pyysalo, H.,
Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds by GLC-Selected Ion Monitoring (SIM) Technique,
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. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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