Diethyl Phthalate

Formula: C₁₂H₁₄O₄
Molecular weight: 222.2372
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C12H14O4/c1-3-15-11(13)9-7-5-6-8-10(9)12(14)16-4-2/h5-8H,3-4H2,1-2H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 84-66-2
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
Other names: 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester; Phthalic acid, diethyl ester; o-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester; Anozol; Ethyl phthalate; Neantine; Palatinol A; Phthalol; Placidol E; Solvanol; Unimoll DA; Diethyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate; Diethyl-o-phthalate; Diethylester kyseliny ftalove; Estol 1550; NCI-C60048; Phthalsaeurediaethylester; Rcra waste number U088; Diethyl ester of 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid; DEP; Kodaflex DEP; 1,2-diethyl phthalate; 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-diethyl ester; NSC 8905; o-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)benzene
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IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

SOLUTION (10% IN CCl4 FOR 3800-1330, 10% IN CS2 FOR 1330-620, AND 10% CCl4 FOR 620-240 CM^-1) VERSUS SOLVENT; PERKIN-ELMER 521 (GRATING); DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-30	100.	1551.1	Tudor, 1997	40. m/0.35 mm/0.35 μm
Capillary	OV-101	230.	1581.	Friocourt, Berthou, et al., 1979	50. m/0.3 mm/0.35 μm, N2
Capillary	SE-30	250.	1583.	Friocourt, Berthou, et al., 1979	42. m/0.3 mm/0.39 μm, He
Packed	SE-30	220.	1587.	Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1963	Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	1603.	Ramarathnam, Rubin, et al., 1993	He, 30. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 3. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.13 mm
Capillary	OV-101	1565.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	1568.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Packed	OV-101	1565.	Alley and Dykes, 1972	6. K/min; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 220. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Packed	SE-30	1568.	Ramsey, Lee, et al., 1980	He, Chromosorb G HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 1.5 m; Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	180.	2378.	Tudor, Moldovan, et al., 1999	Phase thickness: 0.45 μm

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2311.	Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2309.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	BPX-5	1605.	Dickschat, Wenzel, et al., 2004	25. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-1	1543.	Johnson, Urso, et al., 1997	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1585.	Gómez, Ledbetter, et al., 1993	He, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	1592.	Guisto, Smith, et al., 1993	25. m/0.31 mm/0.31 μm, 50. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-1	1547.5	Chang, Sheng, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-1	1550.9	Chang, Sheng, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 300. C
Packed	SE-30	1558.	Helaimia and Messadi, 1989	Chromosorb Q, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C
Packed	SE-30	1584.	Helaimia and Messadi, 1989	Chromosorb Q, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C
Capillary	SP-2100	1562.22	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 2. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	SP-2100	1563.47	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 4. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	SP-2100	1561.87	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 6. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	SP-2100	1570.77	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 2. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	SP-2100	1572.65	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 4. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	SP-2100	1569.25	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 6. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1563.84	Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1986	H2, 4. K/min; T_start: 170. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1567.	Halket and Schulten, 1985	26. m/0.32 mm/1.25 μm, 10. K/min; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1568.	Halket and Schulten, 1985	26. m/0.32 mm/1.25 μm, 10. K/min; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 250. C
Packed	SE-30	1558.	Messadi and Vergnaud, 1979	N2, Chromosorb Q, 10. K/min; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 340. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	1546.	Özel, Gögüs, et al., 2006	Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-101	1549.	Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min)
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	1595.	Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997	25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min)
Packed	SE-30	1583.	Peng, Ding, et al., 1988	Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-20M	2380.	Jerkovic, Mastelic, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2370.	Chung, Yung, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2401.	Claudela, Dirningera, et al., 2002	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2.7 K/min, 235. C @ 30. min; T_start: 67. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2370.	Chung, Yung, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2372.	Chung, 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2366.	Cha, Kim, et al., 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2358.9	Chang, Sheng, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2361.1	Chang, Sheng, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 240. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2319.	Ziegleder, 2001	He; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 45C(4min) => 30C/min => 60C (5min) => 3C/min => 220C (40min)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1594.	Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min
Capillary	VF-5MS	1559.	Ghiasvand, Setkova, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 7. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1546.	Ozel, Gogus, et al., 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 0.5 min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 2. min
Capillary	HP-5	1602.3	Leffingwell and Alford, 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
Capillary	DB-1	1545.	Park, Lee, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-1	1546.	Park, Lee, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-1	1547.	Park, Lee, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-1	1550.	Park, Lee, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Packed	SE-30	1578.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Packed	SE-30	1578.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Packed	SE-30	1578.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Packed	SE-30	1578.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Packed	SE-30	1578.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Packed	SE-30	1579.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Packed	SE-30	1582.	Lourici, Souici, et al., 1999	Nitrogen, Chromosorb Q (60-80 mesh), 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	DB-5 MS	1585.	Gomez and Ledbetter, 1994	Helium, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Ultra-1	1541.	Okumura, 1991	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 260. C
Capillary	DB-1	1556.	Shiota, 1991	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	1563.	Shiota, 1991	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	SE-54	1597.	Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986	He, 50. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	DB-1	1551.	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1547.	Flath, Mon, et al., 1983	50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	SE-30	1559.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	TR-5 MS	1601.	Kurashov, Krylova, et al., 2013	15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C (3 min) 4 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 150 0C (3 mion) 15 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1591.	Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	1592.	Mondello, 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	1594.	Mondello, 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	Siloxane, 5 % Ph	1610.	VOC BinBase, 2012	Program: not specified
Capillary		1546.	Karimi, Farmany, et al., 2011	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane, 5 % phenyl	1610.	Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011	Program: not specified
Capillary	Squalane	1583.	Chen, 2008	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1595.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
Capillary	HP-5	1603.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	VF-5MS	1570.	Xie, Sun, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 15C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 250C (1min)
Capillary	HP-5MS	1597.	Alissandrakis, Kibaris, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 2C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	DB-1	1583.	Touafek, Nacer, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 300C (15min)
Capillary	SE-30	1565.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	1548.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	1551.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	1559.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	1564.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	SF-96	1560.	Fagan, Kepner, et al., 1982	He; Program: not specified
Capillary	SF-96	1563.	Fagan, Kepner, et al., 1982	He; Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-54	1604.	Fagan, Kepner, et al., 1982	He; Column length: 35. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
Other	Methyl Silicone	1564.	Ardrey and Moffat, 1981	Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2355.	Cai, Lin, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2374.	Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2312.	Lee and Shibamoto, 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2361.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2358.	Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Supelko CO Wax	2365.	Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
Capillary	Supelko CO Wax	2365.	Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	2407.	Yongsheng, Hua, et al., 2008	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 3 0C/min -> 50 0C 5 0C/min -> 120 0C 7 0C/min -> 175 0C 10 0C/min -> 230 0C (8 min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	2400.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991	Program: not specified
Capillary	Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M	2333.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M	2346.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-1	271.9	Johnson, Urso, et al., 1997	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	269.9	Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 1993	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 285. C @ 29.5 min

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	271.04	Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	272.56	Eckel, Ross, et al., 1993	Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Tudor, 1997
Tudor, E., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on a SE-30 glass capillary column. I. Linear equations, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 779, 1-2, 287-297, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00453-6 . [all data]

Friocourt, Berthou, et al., 1979
Friocourt, M.P.; Berthou, F.; Picart, D.; Dreano, Y.; Floch, H.H., Glass Capillary Column Gas Chromatography of Phthalate Esters, J. Chromatogr., 1979, 172, 1, 261-271, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)90961-0 . [all data]

Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1963
Zulaïca, J.; Guiochon, G., Séparation et identification de di-esters aliphatiques et aromatiques et de trimesters phosphoriques par chromatographie en phase gazeuse, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1963, 6, 1242-1252. [all data]

Ramarathnam, Rubin, et al., 1993
Ramarathnam, N.; Rubin, L.J.; Diosady, L.L., Studies on meat flavor. 4. Fractionation, characterization, and quantitation of volatiles from uncured and cured beef and chicken, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 6, 939-945, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00030a020 . [all data]

Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981
Yamaguchi, K.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile constituents of green tea, Gyokuro (Camellia sinensis L. var Yabukita), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 2, 366-370, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00104a035 . [all data]

Alley and Dykes, 1972
Alley, B.J.; Dykes, H.W.H., Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Nitrate Esters,Stabilizers and Plasticizers in Nitrocellulose-Base Propellants, J. Chromatogr., 1972, 71, 1, 23-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85687-9 . [all data]

Ramsey, Lee, et al., 1980
Ramsey, J.D.; Lee, T.D.; Osselton, M.D.; Moffat, A.C., Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 296 non-drug substances on SE-30 or OV-1 likely to be encountered in toxicological analyses, J. Chromatogr., 1980, 184, 2, 185-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)85641-1 . [all data]

Tudor, Moldovan, et al., 1999
Tudor, E.; Moldovan, D.; Zârna, N., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on two carbowax-20M glass capillary columns with different film thickness. 2, Rev. Roum. Chim., 1999, 44, 7, 665-675. [all data]

Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989
Nishimura, O.; Yamaguchi, K.; Mihara, S.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile Constituents of Guava Fruits (Psidium guajava L.) and Canned Puree, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 1, 139-142, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00085a033 . [all data]

Dickschat, Wenzel, et al., 2004
Dickschat, J.S.; Wenzel, S.C.; Bode, H.B.; Muller, R.; Schulz, S., Biosynthesis of Volatiles by the Myxobacterium Myxococcus xanthus, ChemBioChem, 2004, 5, 6, 778-787, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200300813 . [all data]

Johnson, Urso, et al., 1997
Johnson, C.I.; Urso, A.; Geleta, L., Broad spectrum analysis of municipal and industrial effluents discharged into the Peace, Athabasca and Slave river basins: characterization of effluent samples, 1994 - Volume 1 of 2, Northern River Basins Study Project Report No. 121, Norther River Basins Study, Edmonton, Alberta, 1997, 27. [all data]

Gómez, Ledbetter, et al., 1993
Gómez, E.; Ledbetter, C.A.; Hartsell, P.L., Volatile compounds in apricot, plum, and their interspecific hybrids, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 10, 1669-1676, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00034a029 . [all data]

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Notes

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