Camphene

Formula: C₁₀H₁₆
Molecular weight: 136.2340
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-7-8-4-5-9(6-8)10(7,2)3/h8-9H,1,4-6H2,2-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: CRPUJAZIXJMDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 79-92-5
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
- Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylene-, (1R)-
Other names: Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, 2,2-dimethyl-3-methylene-; 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane; 2,2-Dimethyl-3-methylenenorbornane; 3,3-Dimethyl-2-methylenenorbornane; 3,3-Dimethyl-2-methylenenorcamphane; NA 9011; (-)-camphene
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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	BP-20	HP-Innowax	BP-20	RTX-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	50.	30.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.22	0.25	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	220.	280.	220.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	3.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)	30.	20.		20.	30.
I	1066.	1073.	1075.	1067.	1053.
Reference	Bendahou, Muselli, et al., 2008	Duquesnoy, Castola, et al., 2007	Kundakovic, Fokialakis, et al., 2007	Lesueur, de Rocca Serra, et al., 2007	Muselli, Rossi, et al., 2007
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	BP-20	BP-20	RTX-Wax	BP-20
Column length (m)	60.	50.	50.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.22	0.25	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	220.	220.	230.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)	35.	20.	20.	45.	20.
I	1066.	1060.	1070.	1065.	1069.
Reference	Paolini J., Costa J., et al., 2007	Boti, Bighelli, et al., 2006	Bousmaha, Boti, et al., 2006	Cavalli, Tomi, et al., 2006	Gonny, Cavaleiro, et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	RTX-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	30.	60.	60.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.22	0.2	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2	0.2
T_start (C)	50.	35.	60.	70.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	230.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	4.
Final hold (min)	20.		35.	15.	15.
I	1040.	1056.	1055.	1077.	1077.
Reference	Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 2006	Pala-Paul, Copeland, et al., 2006	Paolini J., Desjobert J.M., et al., 2006	Pinto, Pina-Vaz, et al., 2006	Salgueiro L.R., Pinto E., et al., 2006
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	FFAP	BP-20	DB-Wax	RTX-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	20.	50.	60.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	N2		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	90.	60.	70.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	230.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.		2.
Final hold (min)		20.	20.	20.	20.
I	1098.	1072.	1082.	1060.	1046.
Reference	Agnihotri, Agarwal, et al., 2005	Boti J.B., Koukoua G., et al., 2005	Choi, 2005	Cozzani, Muselli, et al., 2005	Fanciullino, Gancel, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-20	Innowax	RTX-Wax	PEG-20M	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	50.	50.	60.		60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.22	0.25	0.22		0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25		0.2
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	230.	250.	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	2.	4.	2.
Initial hold (min)		3.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.	35.		10.
I	1066.	1083.	1066.	1060.	1049.
Reference	Ferrari, Tomi, et al., 2005	Lee, Lee, et al., 2005	Paolini, Costa, et al., 2005	Simionatto, Porto, et al., 2005	Smadja, Rondeau, et al., 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Megawax	PEG-20M	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	60.	30.
Carrier gas	He	N2	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.2
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.2
T_start (C)	40.	50.	60.	32.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	4.	5.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	6.	8.	10.
Final hold (min)	10.	20.			15.
I	1043.	1053.	1080.	1065.	1073.
Reference	Verzera, Trozzi, et al., 2005	Zhang, Xu, et al., 2005	Bertoli, Menichini, et al., 2004	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2004	Cavaleiro, Salgueiro, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	HP-Wax	BP-20	HP-Innowax	BP-20
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	30.	50.
Carrier gas	He	N2		He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.25
T_start (C)	45.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	240.	240.	220.	260.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)	6.
Final hold (min)	10.		20.		20.
I	1051.	1072.	1070.	1060.	1065.
Reference	Dugo, Mondello, et al., 2004	Flamini, Cioni, et al., 2004	Gonny, Bradesi, et al., 2004	Grujic-Jovanovic, Skaltsa, et al., 2004	Tam, Thuam, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	HP-Wax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	N2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	40.	40.	40.	60.
T_end (C)	200.	200.	200.	200.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	4.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.	5.	5.	10.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.	20.	20.
I	1054.	1053.	1055.	1050.	1072.
Reference	Yu, Kim, et al., 2004	Yu, Kim, et al., 2004, 2	Zheng, Kim, et al., 2004	Zheng, Kim, et al., 2004	Bader, Caponi, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-20M	BP-20	BP-20	Carbowax 20M	RTX-Wax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	50.	25.	60.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.22	0.22	0.25	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.3	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	60.	60.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	180.	230.	230.	200.	230.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	2.	2.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)	4.			1.
Final hold (min)	10.	35.	35.	20.	45.
I	1059.	1068.	1068.	1079.	1063.
Reference	Bezic, Skocibusic, et al., 2003	Bianchini, Tomi, et al., 2003	Bianchini, Tomi, et al., 2003	Bicchi, Rubiolo, et al., 2003	Cavalli, Tomi, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	CP-Wax 52CB	RTX-Wax	HP-Innowax	Megawax
Column length (m)	60.	50.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.2	0.25	0.5	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	32.	45.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	230.	220.	250.	260.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	1.	3.	3.	2.
Initial hold (min)	2.	1.	6.		6.
Final hold (min)	20.				10.
I	1077.	1044.	1048.	1060.	1043.
Reference	Choi, 2003	Kjeldsen, Christensen, et al., 2003	Shellie, Marriott, et al., 2003	Tzakou, Couladis, et al., 2003	Verzera, Trozzi, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	BP-20	RTX-Wax	AT-Wax	BP-20
Column length (m)	60.	50.	30.	60.	50.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.32	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	70.	60.	45.	65.	60.
T_end (C)	230.	220.	250.	250.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	2.	3.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)			6.	10.
Final hold (min)	20.	20.	10.	60.	20.
I	1086.	1066.	1048.	1052.	1065.
Reference	Choi, Kim. M.-S.L., et al., 2002	Lota, de Rocca Serra, et al., 2002	Mondello, Zappia, et al., 2002	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	Pintore, Usai, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	RTX-Wax	RTX-Wax	BP-20	HP-Innowax	HP-Innowax
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.22	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.50	0.50
T_start (C)	45.	45.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	250.	250.	230.	260.	260.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	6.	6.
Final hold (min)			35.	10.
I	1052.	1063.	1068.	1083.	1060.
Reference	Shellie, Mondello, et al., 2002	Shellie, Mondello, et al., 2002	Bianchini, Tomi, et al., 2001	Couladis, Baziou, et al., 2001	Couladis, Tzakou, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	BP-20	AT-Wax	BP-20	BP-20
Column length (m)	50.	50.	60.	50.	50.
Carrier gas		He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.22	0.32	0.22	0.22
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	32.	60.	65.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	250.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	1.	2.	2.	2.	2.
Initial hold (min)	1.		10.
Final hold (min)			60.	20.	20.
I	1044.	1066.	1052.	1065.	1066.
Reference	Kjeldsen, Christensen, et al., 2001	Lota, Serra, et al., 2001	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2001	Rezzi, Bighelli, et al., 2001	Baldovini, Ristorcelli, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	CP-Wax 52CB
Column length (m)	60.	60.	60.	60.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.5	0.50	0.53	0.53	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.32	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.15
T_start (C)	40.	60.	50.	50.	40.
T_end (C)	290.	225.	220.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	2.				5.
Final hold (min)	5.
I	1065.	1065.	1065.	1065.	1082.
Reference	Bartley and Jacobs, 2000	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2000	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2000, 2	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2000, 3	Chagonda, Makanda, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	Megawax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	25.	60.	30.	30.	60.
Carrier gas		N2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.53
Phase thickness (μm)	0.15	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	70.	40.	40.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	230.	200.	220.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	2.	2.	2.	3.
Initial hold (min)	5.	2.	5.	6.
Final hold (min)		20.	20.	10.
I	1083.	1085.	1056.	1043.	1065.
Reference	Chagonda, Makanda, et al., 2000	Choi and Sawamura, 2000	Kim, Thuy, et al., 2000	Verzera, Trozzi, et al., 2000	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	CP-Wax 52CB	CP-Wax 52CB	HP-Innowax	BP-20	Innowax
Column length (m)	50.	50.	60.	50.	60.
Carrier gas			He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.32	0.25	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)				0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	40.	32.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	220.	220.	220.	180.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	4.	2.	2.	2.5
Initial hold (min)	5.	5.	1.		5.
Final hold (min)	30.	30.	40.	20.
I	1047.	1047.	1065.	1066.	1114.
Reference	Chevance and Farmer, 1999	Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 2	Christensen, Jakobsen, et al., 1999	Mazzoni, Tomi, et al., 1999	Stashenko, Cervantes, et al., 1999
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	DB-Wax	SP-1000	DB-Wax	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	25.	60.	85.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	H2	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.5	0.32	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.3
T_start (C)	50.	35.	60.	65.	35.
T_end (C)	200.	220.	225.	225.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)	1.
Final hold (min)	20.
I	1079.	1056.	1065.	1065.	1065.
Reference	Bicchi, Rubiolo, et al., 1998	Brophy, Forster, et al., 1998	Brophy, Forster, et al., 1998, 2	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1998	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1998, 2
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	DB-Wax	SP-1000	BP-20	DB-Wax
Column length (m)	60.	60.	85.	50.	25.
Carrier gas		He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.32	0.5	0.22	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25			0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	40.	65.	65.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	200.	225.	225.	230.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	2.	4.
Initial hold (min)	5.				3.
Final hold (min)	60.			35.
I	1056.	1065.	1065.	1065.	1056.
Reference	Cha, Kim, et al., 1998	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1997	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1997, 2	Mariotti, Tomi, et al., 1997	Möllenbeck, König, et al., 1997
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-Wax	CP-Wax 52CB	DB-Wax	Supelcowax-10	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	60.	50.	60.	60.	60.
Carrier gas	He	H2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.23	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.5	0.12	0.25	0.25	0.425
T_start (C)	50.	50.	50.	60.	45.
T_end (C)	225.	200.	180.	230.	300.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.	1.5	2.5	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)		10.	5.	5.	3.
Final hold (min)	20.	10.		20.	20.
I	1043.	1057.	1063.	1074.	1063.
Reference	Sagrero-Nieves, Bartley, et al., 1997	Chyau, Mau, et al., 1996	Stashenko, Prada, et al., 1996	Granicher, Christen, et al., 1995	Mondello, Dugo, et al., 1995
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M	CP-Wax 52CB	HP-20M	HP-FFAP	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	50.	50.	50.	50.	60.
Carrier gas	He	H2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.2	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.2
T_start (C)	30.	50.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	170.	200.	190.	210.	225.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	1.5	3.	3.	1.5
Initial hold (min)	2.	10.
Final hold (min)	20.	40.			80.
I	1077.	1115.	1075.	1097.	1053.
Reference	Píry, Príbela, et al., 1995	Wu and Yang, 1994	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993	Chen and Ho, 1988
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary
Active phase	Carbowax 20M
Column length (m)	50.
Carrier gas	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)
T_start (C)	50.
T_end (C)	200.
Heat rate (K/min)	2.
Initial hold (min)	5.
Final hold (min)	40.
I	1093.
Reference	Chen, Kuo, et al., 1986
Comment	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Bendahou, Muselli, et al., 2008
Bendahou, M.; Muselli, A.; Grignon-Dubois, M.; Benyoucef, M.; Desjobert, J.-M.; Bernardini, A.-F.; Costa, J., Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Origanum glandulosum Desf. essential oil and extract obtained by microwave extraction: Comparison with hydrodistillation, Food Chem., 2008, 106, 1, 132-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.050 . [all data]

Duquesnoy, Castola, et al., 2007
Duquesnoy, E.; Castola, V.; Casanova, J., Composition and chemical variability of the twig oil of Abies alba Miller from Corsica, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 4, 293-299, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1796 . [all data]

Kundakovic, Fokialakis, et al., 2007
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Choi, H.-S., Character impact odorants of Citrus Hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov × C. sinensis Osbeck) × C. reticulata Blanco] cold-pressed peel oil, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 9, 2687-2692, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf021069o . [all data]

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Shellie, R.; Marriott, P.; Zappia, G.; Mondello, L.; Dugo, G., Interactive use of linear retention indices on polar and apolar columns with an MS-Library for reliable characterization of Australian tea tree and other Melaleuca sp. oils, J. Essent. Oil Res., 2003, 15, 5, 305-312, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2003.9698597 . [all data]

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Bartley, J.P.; Jacobs, A.L., Effects of drying on flavour compounds in Australian-grown ginger (Zingiber officinale), J. Sci. Food Agric., 2000, 80, 2, 209-215, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(20000115)80:2<209::AID-JSFA516>3.0.CO;2-8 . [all data]

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Chagonda, L.S.; Makanda, C.D.; Chalchat, J.-C., The essential oils of Ocimum canum Sims (basilic camphor) and Ocimum urticifolia Roth from Zimbabwe, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 1, 23-26, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(200001/02)15:1<23::AID-FFJ866>3.0.CO;2-W . [all data]

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Choi, H.-S.; Sawamura, M., Composition of the essential oil of Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka (Hyuganatsu), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 10, 4868-4873, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000651e . [all data]

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Kim, T.H.; Thuy, N.T.; Shin, J.H.; Baek, H.H.; Lee, H.J., Aroma-active compounds of miniature beefsteakplant (Mosla dianthera Maxim.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 7, 2877-2881, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000219x . [all data]

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Chevance, F.F.V.; Farmer, L.J., Identification of major volatile odor compounds in frankfurters, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 12, 5151-5160, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990515d . [all data]

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Stashenko, Cervantes, et al., 1999
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Brophy, Forster, et al., 1998
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Brophy, Forster, et al., 1998, 2
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Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1998
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Brophy, J.J.; Goldsack, R.J.; Bean, A.R.; Forster, P.I.; Lepschi, B.J., Leaf essential oils of the genus Leptospermum (Myrtaceae) in eastern Australia. Part 2. Leptospermum blakelyi and allies, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 5, 353-358, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(1998090)13:5<353::AID-FFJ759>3.0.CO;2-1 . [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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