Hydrogen sulfide
- Formula: H2S
- Molecular weight: 34.081
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 7783-06-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Dihydrogen monosulfide; Dihydrogen sulfide; Hydrosulfuric acid; Stink damp; Sulfur hydride; Sulfureted hydrogen; H2S; Sulfuretted hydrogen; Hydrogen sulphide; Hydrogen sulfide (H2S); Acide sulfhydrique; Hydrogene sulfure; Idrogeno solforato; Rcra waste number U135; Schwefelwasserstoff; Siarkowodor; UN 1053; Zwavelwaterstof; Hepatic gas; Hepatic acid; Hydrogen monosulfide; Sewer gas
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: CH6N+ + H2S = (CH6N+ • H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 45.2 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 84. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985 | gas phase; M |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
23. | 270. | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985 | gas phase; M |
By formula: CN- + H2S = (CN- • H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 79.1 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | TDEq | Meot-ner, 1988 | gas phase; B |
ΔrH° | 83. ± 15. | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1987 | gas phase; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 99.6 | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1987 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(CN-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 54.0 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | TDEq | Meot-ner, 1988 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 51.9 ± 9.6 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1987 | gas phase; B,M |
By formula: C3H7+ + H2S = (C3H7+ • H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 134. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991 | gas phase; condensation; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 146. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991 | gas phase; condensation; M |
By formula: F- + H2S = (F- • H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 145. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 78.7 | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; switching reaction(F-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 121. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M |
By formula: F5S- + H2S = (F5S- • H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 212. ± 48. | kJ/mol | SIFT | Zangerle, Hansel, et al., 1993 | gas phase; CID with Ar; M |
By formula: HS- + H2S = (HS- • H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 55.2 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Meot-ner, 1988 | gas phase; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 82.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-ner, 1988 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 31. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Meot-ner, 1988 | gas phase; B |
By formula: H2S+ + H2S = (H2S+ • H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 88.7 | kJ/mol | PI | Prest, Tzeng, et al., 1983 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 71.1 | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1981 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (H2S+ • H2S) + H2S = (H2S+ • 2H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 18. | kJ/mol | PI | Prest, Tzeng, et al., 1983 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 13. | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1981 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (H2S+ • 2H2S) + H2S = (H2S+ • 3H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 5.0 | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1981 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (H2S+ • 3H2S) + H2S = (H2S+ • 4H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 5.9 | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1981 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (H2S+ • 4H2S) + H2S = (H2S+ • 5H2S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 11. | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1981 | gas phase; M |
By formula: H3S+ + H2S = (H3S+ • H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 64.4 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 45.2 | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 44.4 | kJ/mol | PI | Prest, Tzeng, et al., 1983 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 102. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 74.5 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M |
ΔrS° | 78.2 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (H3S+ • H2S) + H2S = (H3S+ • 2H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 38. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 25. | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 30. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 87.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 72.4 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (H3S+ • 2H2S) + H2S = (H3S+ • 3H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 18. | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 35. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 23. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 103. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 59. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M |
By formula: (H3S+ • 3H2S) + H2S = (H3S+ • 4H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 28. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 10. | kJ/mol | PI | Walters and Blais, 1984 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 14. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 103. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 42. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977 | gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M |
By formula: (H3S+ • 4H2S) + H2S = (H3S+ • 5H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 26. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
7.1 | 185. | PHPMS | Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
By formula: H4N+ + H2S = (H4N+ • H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 47.7 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 69.9 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985 | gas phase; M |
By formula: I- + H2S = (I- • H2S)
Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 37. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989 | gas phase; B,M |
+ = H2NOS-
By formula: NO- + H2S = H2NOS-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 23.4 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002 | gas phase; B |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.
Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
NIST MS number | 43 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | PONA | 340. | Yang, Wang, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, N2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 170. C |
Capillary | PONA | 338. | Yang, Wang, et al., 2003 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 150. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | PONA | 338. | Yang, Wang, et al., 2003 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | TC-Wax | 480. | Ishizaki, Tachihara, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 70. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | TC-Wax | 480. | Kraft and Switt, 2005 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | TC-Wax | 480. | Tachihara, Ishizaki, et al., 2004 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W.,
The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 4. SH+ O and NH+ S Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Mutual Effects of Weak and Strong Ligands in Mixed Clusters,
J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 24, 5222, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a021
. [all data]
Meot-ner, 1988
Meot-ner, M.,
Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 6. Interaction Energies of the Acetate Ion with Organic Molecules. Comparison of CH3COO- with Cl-, CN-, and SH-,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3854, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022
. [all data]
Larson and McMahon, 1987
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B.,
Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. The energetics of interaction between cyanide ion and bronsted acids,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 6230. [all data]
Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971
Payzant, J.D.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P.,
Hydration of CN-, NO2-, NO3-, and HO- in the gas phase,
Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 3308. [all data]
Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W.,
Proton affinity ladders from variable-temperature equilibrium measurements. 1. A reevaluation of the upper proton affinity range,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12, 4448, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a012
. [all data]
Larson and McMahon, 1983
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B.,
Strong hydrogen bonding in gas-phase anions. An ion cyclotron resonance determination of fluoride binding energetics to bronsted acids from gas-phase fluoride exchange equilibria measurements,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2944. [all data]
Wenthold and Squires, 1995
Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R.,
Bond dissociation energies of F2(-) and HF2(-). A gas-phase experimental and G2 theoretical study,
J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 7, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100007a034
. [all data]
Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970
Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P.,
Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions,
J. Phys. Chem., 1970, 74, 7, 1475, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100702a014
. [all data]
Zangerle, Hansel, et al., 1993
Zangerle, R.; Hansel, A.; Richter, R.; Lindinger, W.,
The Reaction of SF5+ + H2S at Near Thermal Energies: Competition between Association and Binary Reactions,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1993, 129, 117, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(93)87035-Q
. [all data]
Prest, Tzeng, et al., 1983
Prest, H.F.; Tzeng, W.-B.; Brom, J.M., Jr.; Ng, C.Y.,
Photoionization study of (H2S)2 and (H2S)3,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 7531. [all data]
Walters and Blais, 1981
Walters, E.A.; Blais, N.C.,
Molecular beam photoionization of (H2S)n,n = 1 - 7,
J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 75, 4208. [all data]
Hiraoka and Kebarle, 1977
Hiraoka, K.; Kebarle, P.,
Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Proton in Hydrogen Sulfide and Hydrogen Sulfide - Water Mixtures. Stabilities of the Hydrogen Bonded Complexes H+(H2S)x(H2O)y,
Can. J. Chem., 1977, 55, 1, 24, https://doi.org/10.1139/v77-005
. [all data]
Walters and Blais, 1984
Walters, E.A.; Blais, N.C.,
Molecular beam photoionization and fragmentation of D2S, (H2S)2, (D2S)2, and H2S.H2O,
J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80, 3501. [all data]
Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Field, 1977
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Field, F.H.,
Stability, Association and Dissociation in the Cluster Ions H3S+.nH2S, H3O+.nH2O and H3O+.H2O,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 4, 998, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00446a004
. [all data]
Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.W.; Masucci, J.A.; Ikonomou, M.G.,
Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Binding of Molecules to Bromide and Iodide Anions,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1989, 24, 1, 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240103
. [all data]
Hendricks, de Clercq, et al., 2002
Hendricks, J.H.; de Clercq, H.L.; Freidhoff, C.B.; Arnold, S.T.; Eaton, J.G.; Fancher, C.; Lyapustina, S.A.; S.,
Anion solvation at the microscopic level: Photoelectron spectroscopy of the solvated anion clusters, NO-(Y)(n), where Y=Ar, Kr, Xe, N2O, H2S, NH3, H2O, and C2H4(OH)(2),
J. Chem. Phys., 2002, 116, 18, 7926-7938, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1457444
. [all data]
Yang, Wang, et al., 2004
Yang, Y.; Wang, Z.; Zong, B.; Yang, H.,
Determination of sulfur compounds in fluid catalytic cracking gasoline by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminiscence detector,
Chin. J. Chromatogr., 2004, 22, 3, 216-219. [all data]
Yang, Wang, et al., 2003
Yang, Y.-T.; Wang, Z.; Han. J.-H.; Tian, H.-P.; Yang, H.-Y.,
Determination of sulfur compounds in gasoline fraction of microreactor products by gas chromatography - Atomic emission detector,
Petrochemical Technology (Shiyou Huagong), 2003, 32, 11, 995-998. [all data]
Ishizaki, Tachihara, et al., 2005
Ishizaki, S.; Tachihara, T.; Tamura, H.; Yanai, T.; Kitahara, T.,
Evaluation of odour-active compounds in roasted shrimp (Sergia lucens Hansen) by aroma extract dilution analysis,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 6, 562-566, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1484
. [all data]
Kraft and Switt, 2005
Kraft, P.; Switt, K.A.D. (Eds),
Perspectives in Flavor and Fragrance Research, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, Germany, 2005, 251. [all data]
Tachihara, Ishizaki, et al., 2004
Tachihara, T.; Ishizaki, S.; Ishikawa, M.; Kitahara, T.,
Studies on the volatile compounds of roasted spotted shrimp,
Chemistry Biodiversity, 2004, 1, 12, 2024-2033, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200490155
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
T Temperature ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.