(Z)-3-Heptene

Formula: C₇H₁₄
Molecular weight: 98.1861
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H14/c1-3-5-7-6-4-2/h5,7H,3-4,6H2,1-2H3/b7-5-
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WZHKDGJSXCTSCK-ALCCZGGFSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 7642-10-6
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
- 3-Heptene, (E)-
- 3-Heptene
Other names: cis-3-Heptene; 3-Heptene, (Z)-
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
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NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compiled by: Donald R. Burgess, Jr.

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	-69.4	kJ/mol	N/A	Wiberg, Wasserman, et al., 1984	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° value of -104.6±0.63 kj/mol from Wiberg, Wasserman, et al., 1984 and Δ_vapH° value of 35.2 kj/mol from alkenes correlation.
Δ_fH°_gas	-68.8 ± 0.6	kJ/mol	Eqk	Wiberg, Wasserman, et al., 1984	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° from Wiberg, Wasserman, et al., 1984 and Δ_vapH° value of 35.8 kJ/mol from Steele and Chirico, 1993.
Δ_fH°_gas	-69.1	kJ/mol	N/A	Good, 1976	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° value of -104.3±0.79 kj/mol from Good, 1976 and Δ_vapH° value of 35.2 kj/mol from alkenes correlation.
Δ_fH°_gas	-68.5 ± 0.8	kJ/mol	Ccb	Good, 1976	Value computed using Δ_fH_liquid° from Good, 1976 and Δ_vapH° value of 35.8 kJ/mol from Steele and Chirico, 1993.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	-104.6 ± 0.63	kJ/mol	Eqk	Wiberg, Wasserman, et al., 1984	Trifluoroacetolysis, hrxn[kcal/mol]=-10.14±0.03
Δ_fH°_liquid	-104.3 ± 0.79	kJ/mol	Ccb	Good, 1976

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	369.0	K	N/A	Weast and Grasselli, 1989	BS
T_boil	368.9	K	N/A	Anonymous, 1951	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
T_boil	368.97	K	N/A	Shepherd, Greenlee, et al., 1948	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
T_boil	369.1	K	N/A	Soday and Boord, 1933	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
T_boil	369.15	K	N/A	Vavon and Kleiner, 1923	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	35.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Reid, 1972	AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
35.0	327.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 312. to 369. K.; AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

+ (Z)-3-Heptene =

By formula: H₂ + C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-118.5 ± 0.3	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbone
Δ_rH°	-117.2 ± 2.8	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Siddiqui, 1975	liquid phase; solvent: n-Hexane

= (Z)-3-Heptene

By formula: C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₄

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-7.6 ± 1.1	kJ/mol	Eqk	Kabo, Andreevskii, et al., 1967	gas phase; Heat of isomerization

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	30.	701.1	Soják, Addová, et al., 2002	He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.250 mm
Capillary	Squalane	30.	689.6	Soják, Addová, et al., 2002	He; Column length: 93. m; Column diameter: 0.250 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	692.	Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999
Capillary	OV-101	40.	696.	Laub and Purnell, 1988
Capillary	OV-101	60.	696.	Laub and Purnell, 1988
Capillary	OV-101	80.	697.	Laub and Purnell, 1988
Capillary	OV-101	50.	696.1	Boneva and Dimov, 1986	100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm, N2
Capillary	OV-101	70.	696.9	Boneva and Dimov, 1986	100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm, N2
Capillary	Squalane	50.	690.5	Boneva and Dimov, 1986	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	691.1	Boneva and Dimov, 1986	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-1	40.	701.	Lubeck and Sutton, 1984	60. m/0.264 mm/0.25 μm, H2
Capillary	HP-PONA	40.	701.	Lubeck and Sutton, 1984	50. m/0.21 mm/0.5 μm, H2
Capillary	Squalane	50.	690.	Mitra, 1981	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	50.	691.	Mitra, 1981	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	50.	690.4	Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	691.1	Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979	Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	694.1	Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976	He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	695.3	Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976	He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	697.3	Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976	He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	55.	697.3	Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1975	He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	50.	690.	Rijks and Cramers, 1974	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	70.	691.	Rijks and Cramers, 1974	N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	100.	692.	Sojak, Hrivnak, et al., 1973
Capillary	Squalane	115.	692.	Sojak, Hrivnak, et al., 1973
Capillary	Squalane	86.	692.	Sojak, Hrivnak, et al., 1973
Capillary	Apiezon L	100.	697.4	Eisen, Orav, et al., 1972	Column length: 45. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	60.	690.9	Eisen, Orav, et al., 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	60.	691.	Orav and Eisen, 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Squalane	115.	692.3	Soják and Bucinská, 1970	N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Capillary	Squalane	86.	691.7	Soják and Bucinská, 1970	N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Capillary	Squalane	40.	690.	Matukuma, 1969	N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	27.	690.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	49.	691.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	67.	692.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	Squalane	86.	692.	Hively and Hinton, 1968	He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Petrocol DH-100	700.9	Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997	He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
Capillary	DB-1	699.	Hoekman, 1993	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	PEG 4000	100.	764.	Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
Capillary	PEG 4000	110.	765.	Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
Capillary	PEG 4000	60.	757.	Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
Capillary	PEG 4000	70.	758.	Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
Capillary	PEG 4000	80.	760.	Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
Capillary	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	50.	756.2	Eisen, Orav, et al., 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	60.	756.7	Eisen, Orav, et al., 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	80.	760.3	Eisen, Orav, et al., 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	PEG 4000	60.	756.7	Orav and Eisen, 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	PEG 4000	50.	756.2	Orav and Eisen, 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	PEG 4000	80.	760.3	Orav and Eisen, 1972	Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	701.6	Soják, Addová, et al., 2002	He, 1. K/min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.250 mm; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	700.88	White, Douglas, et al., 1992	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	701.	White, Douglas, et al., 1992	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Petrocol DH	701.	White, Hackett, et al., 1992	100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; T_start: 30. C; T_end: 220. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	727.	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1994	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Squalane	40.	690.3	Sojak, Addova, et al., 2000	He; Column length: 93. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB	702.	Bramston-Cook, 2013	60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
Capillary	Petrocol DH	701.	Supelco, 2012	100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
Capillary	PONA	702.	Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009	50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	OV-101	697.	Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999	50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; T_end: 100. C
Capillary	SE-54	701.	Guan, Li, et al., 1995	60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	701.	Ramnas, Ostermark, et al., 1994	50. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: -20. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	692.	Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003	Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Wiberg, Wasserman, et al., 1984
Wiberg, K.B.; Wasserman, D.J.; Martin, E., Enthalpies of hydration of alkenes. 2. The n-heptenes and n-pentenes, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 3684-3688. [all data]

Steele and Chirico, 1993
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D., Thermodynamic properties of alkenes (mono-olefins larger than C₄), J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1993, 22, 377-430. [all data]

Good, 1976
Good, W.D., The enthalpies of formation of five isomeric heptenes, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1976, 8, 67-71. [all data]

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Anonymous, 1951
Anonymous, R., , Sunbury Rep. No. 4199, Anglo-Iranian Oil Co., 1951. [all data]

Shepherd, Greenlee, et al., 1948
Shepherd; Greenlee, K.W.; Boord, C.E., , Am. Pet. Inst. Res. Proj. 45, 1948. [all data]

Soday and Boord, 1933
Soday, F.J.; Boord, C.E., Synthesis in the Olefin Series IV. The Heptenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 3293. [all data]

Vavon and Kleiner, 1923
Vavon, G.; Kleiner, S., C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., 1923, 177, 401. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988
Rogers, D.W.; Dejroongruang, K., Enthalpies of hydrogenation of the n-heptenes and the methylhexenes, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 675-680. [all data]

Rogers and Siddiqui, 1975
Rogers, D.W.; Siddiqui, N.A., Heats of hydrogenation of large molecules. I. Esters of unsaturated fatty acids, J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 79, 574-577. [all data]

Kabo, Andreevskii, et al., 1967
Kabo, G.Ya.; Andreevskii, D.N.; Savinetskaya, G.A., Isomerization equilibrium of n-monochloroheptanes and n-heptenes, Neftekhimiya, 1967, 7, 364-368. [all data]

Soják, Addová, et al., 2002
Soják, L.; Addová, G.; Kubinec, R.; Kraus, A.; Hu, G., Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterization of all acyclic C₅-C₇ alkenes from fluid catalytic cracked gasoline using polydimethylsiloxane and squalane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 947, 1, 103-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01564-3 . [all data]

Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999
Heinzen, V.E.F.; Soares, M.F.; Yunes, R.A., Semi-empirical topological method for the prediction of the chromatographic retention of cis- and trans-alkene isomers and alkanes, J. Chromatogr. A, 1999, 849, 2, 495-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00530-0 . [all data]

Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H., Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908 . [all data]

Boneva and Dimov, 1986
Boneva, S.; Dimov, N., Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices for Alkenes on OV-101 and Squalane Capillary Columns, Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 3, 149-151, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02311743 . [all data]

Lubeck and Sutton, 1984
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, D.L., Kovats Retention Indices of Selected Olefins on Bonded Phase Fused Silica Capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1984, 7, 9, 542-544, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240070913 . [all data]

Mitra, 1981
Mitra, G.D., Conversion of linear retention indices into logarithmic retention indices, J. Chromatogr., 1981, 211, 2, 239-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)88039-5 . [all data]

Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979
Bajus, M.; Veselý, V.; Leclercq, P.A.; Rijks, J.A., Steam cracking of hydrocarbons. 1. Pyrolysis of heptane, Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 1979, 18, 1, 30-37, https://doi.org/10.1021/i360069a007 . [all data]

Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N., Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. [all data]

Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1975
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Fedosova, A.K.; Kvasova, V.A., Individual composition of hydrocarbons in naphthas from secondary processes, Chem. Technol. Fuels Oils (Engl. Transl.), 1975, 11, 1/2, 59-64, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00717315 . [all data]

Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A., High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons, Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819 . [all data]

Sojak, Hrivnak, et al., 1973
Sojak, L.; Hrivnak, J.; Majer, P.; Janak, J., Capillary Gas Chromatography of Linear Alkenes on Squalane, Anal. Chem., 1973, 45, 2, 293-302, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60324a039 . [all data]

Eisen, Orav, et al., 1972
Eisen, O.; Orav, A.; Rang, S., Identifizierung von Normal-Alkenen, Cyclopentenen und -Hexenen mittels Kapillar-Gas-Chromatographie. Identification des alcènes, cyclopentènes et -hexènes à l'aide de la chromatogrpahie en phase gazeuse sur colonne capillaire, Chromatographia, 1972, 5, 11, 229-239, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02270600 . [all data]

Orav and Eisen, 1972
Orav, A.; Eisen, O., The retention indexes for alkenes, alkynes and cyclenes on capillary columns, Izv. Akad. Nauk Est. SSR, Khim. Geol., 1972, 21, 1, 39-47. [all data]

Soják and Bucinská, 1970
Soják, L.; Bucinská, A., Open tubular column gas chromatography of dehydrogenation products of C₆-C₁₀ n-alkanes. Separation and identification of mixtures of C₆-C₁₀ straight-chain alkanes, alkenes and aromatics, J. Chromatogr., 1970, 51, 75-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)96841-4 . [all data]

Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A., Retention indices of alkanes through C₁₀ and alkenes through C₈ and relation between boiling points and retention data, Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]

Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203 . [all data]

Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997
Haagen-Smit Laboratory, Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22. [all data]

Hoekman, 1993
Hoekman, S.K., Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 639, 2, 239-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80260-F . [all data]

Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
Rang, S.A.; Orav, A.E.; Kuningas, K.R.; Meister, A.E.; Strense, T.V.; Eisen, O.G., Gas-Chromatographic Characteristics of unsaturated hydrocarbons, Academy of Sciences of Estonia SSR, Tallinn, Estonia SSR, 1988, 208. [all data]

White, Douglas, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Douglas, L.J.; Hackett, J.P.; Anderson, R.R., Characterization of synthetic gasoline from the chloromethane-zeolite reaction, Energy Fuels, 1992, 6, 1, 76-82, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef00031a012 . [all data]

White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S., Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 2, 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150211 . [all data]

Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1994
Chung, T.Y.; Eiserich, J.P.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile compounds produced from peanut oil heated with different amounts of cysteine, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1994, 42, 8, 1743-1746, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00044a032 . [all data]

Sojak, Addova, et al., 2000
Sojak, L.; Addova, G.; Kubinec, R.; Ruman, J.; Hu, G., GC-MS characterization of all acyclic C5-C7 alkenes from FCC gasoline using squalane stationary phase, Petroleum and Coal, 2000, 42, 3-4, 188-194. [all data]

Bramston-Cook, 2013
Bramston-Cook, R., Kovats indices for C2-C13 hydrocarbons and selected oxygenated/halocarbons with 100 % dimethylpolysiloxane columns, 2013, retrieved from http://lotusinstruments.com/monographs/List .... [all data]

Supelco, 2012
Supelco, CatalogNo. 24160-U, Petrocol DH Columns. Catalog No. 24160-U, 2012, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Supelco/Datasheet/1/w97949.Par.0001.File.tmp/w97949.pdf. [all data]

Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009
Zhang, X.; Ding, L.; Sun, Z.; Song, L.; Sun, T., Study on quantitative structure-retention relationships for hydrocarbons in FCC gasoline, Chromatographia, 2009, 70, 3/4, 511-518, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-009-1174-0 . [all data]

Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J., Composition of the oil from waste tires. 1. Fraction boiling at yp to 160 0C, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 1, 30-39. [all data]

Guan, Li, et al., 1995
Guan, Y.; Li, L.; Zhou, L., Live retention database for compound identification in capillary gas chromatography, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 1995, 13, 5, 851-857. [all data]

Ramnas, Ostermark, et al., 1994
Ramnas, O.; Ostermark, U.; Peterson, G., Characterization of sixty alkenes in a cat-cracked gasoline naphtha by gas chromatography, Chromatographia, 1994, 38, 3/4, 222-226, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02290340 . [all data]

Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003
Junkes, B.S.; Castanho, R.D.M.; Amboni, C.; Yunes, R.A.; Heinzen, V.E.F., Semiempirical Topological Index: A Novel Molecular Descriptor for Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies, Internet Electronic Journal of Molecular Design, 2003, 2, 1, 33-49. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_boil	Boiling point
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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