Camphor

Formula: C₁₀H₁₆O
Molecular weight: 152.2334
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H16O/c1-9(2)7-4-5-10(9,3)8(11)6-7/h7H,4-6H2,1-3H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: DSSYKIVIOFKYAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 76-22-2
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
Species with the same structure:
Stereoisomers:
- ( S)-camphor
Other names: Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl-; Root bark oil; Spirit of camphor; 1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]-2-heptanone; 1,7,7-Trimethylnorcamphor; 2-Bornanone; 2-Camphanone; 1,7,7-Trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one; 2-Camphonone; Gum camphor; Bornane, 2-oxo-; Camphor, synthetic; Huile de camphre; 2-Kamfanon; Kampfer; 2-Keto-1,7,7-trimethylnorcamphane; Matricaria camphor; Norcamphor, 1,7,7-trimethyl-; UN 2717; Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl-; Alphanon; DL-Camphor; Borneo camphor; Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (.+/-.)-; (.+/-.)-Camphor; Camphre; bornan-2-one
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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	DB-5MS	DB-1	BP-1	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.	25.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.25	0.2	0.32	0.26
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	246.	180.	220.	220.	246.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)			3.
Final hold (min)		15.		3.
I	1143.	1146.	1128.	1117.	1143.
Reference	Adams, González Elizondo, et al., 2006	Angioni, Barra, et al., 2006	Mevy, Bessiere, et al., 2006	Srivastava, Srivastava, et al., 2006	Adams and Nguyen, 2005
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	DB-5	DB-5	DB-5MS	DB-5
Column length (m)	30.	30.		30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	Helium		He	H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25		0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25		0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	50.	60.	60.	60.	40.
T_end (C)	250.	255.	240.	180.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	3.	3.	4.
Initial hold (min)	10.			15.
Final hold (min)	5.				30.
I	1145.	1145.	1141.	1148.	1149.
Reference	Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005	Medina, Lucero, et al., 2005	Shatar S., 2005	Angioni, Barra, et al., 2004	Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	CP Sil 5 CB	DB-5	HP-5MS	HP-5
Column length (m)	30.	25.	50.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	H2	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.15	0.25	0.25	1.
T_start (C)	60.	50.	50.	50.	40.
T_end (C)	260.	230.	280.	280.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	5.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)			2.	2.	1.
Final hold (min)			10.	10.
I	1148.	1124.	1156.	1146.	1161.
Reference	Lopes, Strobl, et al., 2004	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2004	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003	Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003, 2	Bouzouita, Kachouri, et al., 2003
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5MS	HP-5	DB-5	DB-5	SE-30
Column length (m)	30.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	He		He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.5
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	50.	60.
T_end (C)	280.	280.	250.	250.	240.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	0.5	7.	4.
Initial hold (min)			5.	3.
Final hold (min)			10.	10.
I	1127.	1139.	1143.	1150.2	1114.
Reference	Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2003	Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003	Viña and Murillo, 2003	El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2002	Juliani, Koroch, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	HP-5	HP-5	BP-1	BP-1	HP-5MS
Column length (m)	30.	30.	25.	25.	30.
Carrier gas	He	He	N2	N2	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.25	0.25	0.32	0.55	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	50.
T_end (C)	200.	240.	220.	220.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	4.	3.	5.	5.	3.
Initial hold (min)	1.
Final hold (min)	15.	20.	15.	15.
I	1146.	1143.	1129.	1130.	1144.
Reference	Juliani and Simon, 2002	Mita, Tsitsimpikou, et al., 2002	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002, 2	Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	DB-5	BP-1	SSP-1	DB-1
Column length (m)	30.	25.	25.	30.	28.
Carrier gas	N2	He	N2	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.32	0.20	0.55	0.32	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	50.	60.	50.	50.
T_end (C)	220.	240.	220.	250.	270.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	5.	5.	2.	4.5
Initial hold (min)				2.	1.
Final hold (min)	13.		15.	5.
I	1120.	1144.	1117.	1105.	1132.
Reference	Shawl, Srivastava, et al., 2002	Akrout, Chemli, et al., 2001	Jain, Srivastava, et al., 2001	Nagarajan, Rao, et al., 2001	Nagalakshmi, Thangadurai, et al., 2001
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	BP-1	SE-54	DB-5	DB-5	HP-5
Column length (m)	25.	30.	30.	30.	30.
Carrier gas	N2	He	He	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.55	0.26	0.26	0.26	0.32
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	60.	60.	70.
T_end (C)	220.	246.	240.	246.	250.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	3.	3.	3.
Initial hold (min)
Final hold (min)	15.
I	1124.	1143.	1143.	1143.	1143.
Reference	Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2001	Adams, 2000	Adams, 2000, 2	Adams, 2000, 3	Ramos, Siani, et al., 2000
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	DB-5	HP-5MS	BP-1	BP-1	CP Sil 5 CB
Column length (m)	30.	30.	50.	50.	25.
Carrier gas	He	He
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.26	0.32	0.25	0.25	0.25
Phase thickness (μm)	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.25
T_start (C)	60.	70.	60.	60.	60.
T_end (C)	246.	250.	260.	260.	280.
Heat rate (K/min)	3.	3.	2.	2.	5.
Initial hold (min)		5.
Final hold (min)
I	1143.	1139.	1136.	1138.	1120.
Reference	Adams, 1999	Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999	Vera and Chane-Ming, 1999	Vera and Chane-Ming, 1999	Kaul and Vats, 1998
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

Column type	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary	Capillary
Active phase	Methyl Silicone	DB-5	OV-101	Methyl Silicone	BP-1
Column length (m)	25.	30.	25.	12.	50.
Carrier gas	N2	He	N2		H2
Substrate
Column diameter (mm)	0.5	0.25	0.25	0.5	0.33
Phase thickness (μm)		0.25
T_start (C)	60.	60.	50.	70.	65.
T_end (C)	220.	240.	200.	250.	220.
Heat rate (K/min)	5.	3.	5.	4.	5.
Initial hold (min)					2.
Final hold (min)				15.
I	1126.	1144.	1126.	1142.2	1132.
Reference	Mallavarapu, Rao, et al., 1998	Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997	Menut, Molangui, et al., 1995	Rao, Rajanikanth, et al., 1989	Ekundayo, Laakso, et al., 1988
Comment	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI	MSDC-RI

References

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes

Adams, González Elizondo, et al., 2006
Adams, R.P.; González Elizondo, M.S.; González Elizondo, M.; Slinkman, E., DNA fingerprinting and terpenoid analysis of Juniperus blancoi var. huehuentensis (Cupressaceae), a new subalpine variety from Durango, Mexico, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2006, 34, 3, 205-211, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2005.11.004 . [all data]

Angioni, Barra, et al., 2006
Angioni, A.; Barra, A.; Coroneo, V.; Dessi, S.; Cabras, P., Chemical composition, seasonal variability, and antifungal activity of Lavandula stoechas L. ssp. stoechas essential oils from stem/leaves and flowers, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 12, 4364-4370, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0603329 . [all data]

Mevy, Bessiere, et al., 2006
Mevy, J.P.; Bessiere, J.M.; Rabier, J.; Dherbomez, M.; Ruzzier, M.; Millogo, J.; Viano, J., Composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq., Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 80-83, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1511 . [all data]

Srivastava, Srivastava, et al., 2006
Srivastava, A.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Syamsundar, K.V., Volatile composition of Curcuma angustifolia Roxb. rhizome from central and southern India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 423-426, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1680 . [all data]

Adams and Nguyen, 2005
Adams, R.P.; Nguyen, S., Infra-specific variation in Juniperus deppeana and F. Sperryi in the Davis Mountains of Texas: variation in leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAS (RAPDS), Phytologia, 2005, 87, 2, 96-108. [all data]

Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005
Asuming, W.A.; Beauchamp, P.S.; Descalzo, J.T.; Dev, B.C.; Dev, V.; Frost, S.; Ma, C.W., Essential oil composition of four Lomatium Raf. species and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 1, 17-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.06.005 . [all data]

Medina, Lucero, et al., 2005
Medina, A.L.; Lucero, M.E.; Holguin, F.O.; Estell, R.E.; Posakony, J.J.; Simon, J.; O'Connell, M.A., Composition and antimicrobial activity of Anemopsis californica leaf oil, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 22, 8694-8698, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0511244 . [all data]

Shatar S., 2005
Shatar S., Essential oil of Ferula ferulaoides from Western Mongolia, Chem. Nat. Compd. (Engl. Transl.), 2005, 41, 5, 607-608, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10600-005-0222-8 . [all data]

Angioni, Barra, et al., 2004
Angioni, A.; Barra, A.; Cereti, E.; Barile, D.; Coïsson, J.D.; Arlorio, M.; Dessi, S.; Coroneo, V.; Cabras, P., Chemical composition, plant genetic differences, antimicrobial and antifungal activity investigation of the essential oil of Rosmarinus officinalis L., J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 11, 3530-3535, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049913t . [all data]

Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004
Avato, P.; Raffo, F.; Aldouri, N.A.; Vartanian, S.T., Essential oils of varthemia iphionoides from Jordan, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 6, 559-561, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1351 . [all data]

Lopes, Strobl, et al., 2004
Lopes, D.; Strobl, H.; Kolodziejczyk, P., 14-Methylpentadecano-15-lactone (Muscolide): a new macrocyclic lactone from the oil of Angelica archangelica L., Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2004, 1, 12, 1880-1887, https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.200490144 . [all data]

Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2004
Ogunwande, I.A.; Olawore, N.O.; Adeleke, K.A.; Ekundayo, O.; König, W.A., Rare terpenoid esters from Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf. growing wild in Nigeria, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 3, 239-243, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1295 . [all data]

Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003
Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, R.P.; Demyttenaere, J.C.R., Sensory and instrumental evaluation of catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) aroma, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 13, 3840-3848, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf021187b . [all data]

Baranauskiene, Venskutonis, et al., 2003, 2
Baranauskiene, R.; Venskutonis, P.R.; Viskelis, P.; Dambrauskiene, E., Influence of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 26, 7751-7758, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0303316 . [all data]

Bouzouita, Kachouri, et al., 2003
Bouzouita, N.; Kachouri, F.; Hamdi, M.; Chaabouni, M.M., Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Tunisian aromatic plants, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 380-383, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1200 . [all data]

Couladis, Chinou, et al., 2003
Couladis, M.; Chinou, I.B.; Tzakou, O.; Petrakis, P.V., Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Hypericum rumeliacum subsp. apollinis (Boiss. Heldr.), Phytother. Res., 2003, 17, 2, 152-154, https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1093 . [all data]

Özcan, Tzakou, et al., 2003
Özcan, M.; Tzakou, O.; Couladis, M., Essential oil composition of Turkish herbal tea (Salvia aucheri Bentham var. canescens Boiss. Heldr.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 4, 325-327, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1229 . [all data]

Viña and Murillo, 2003
Viña, A.; Murillo, E., Essential oil composition from twelve varieties of basil (Ocimum spp) grown in Columbia, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2003, 14, 5, 744-749, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532003000500008 . [all data]

El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2002
El-Massry, K.F.; El-Ghorab, A.H.; Farouk, A., Antioxidant activity and volatile components of Egyptian Artemisia judaica L., Food Chem., 2002, 79, 3, 331-336, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00164-4 . [all data]

Juliani, Koroch, et al., 2002
Juliani, H.R., Jr.; Koroch, A.R.; Juliani, H.R.; Trippi, V.S.; Zygadlo, J.A., Intraespecific variation in leafoils of Lippia junelliana (mold.) tronc, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2002, 30, 2, 163-170, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(01)00067-9 . [all data]

Juliani and Simon, 2002
Juliani, H.R.; Simon, J.E., Antioxidant acitivity of basil in Trends in new crops and new uses, Janick,J.; Whipkey,A., ed(s)., ASHA Press, Alexandria, Va, 2002, 575-579. [all data]

Mita, Tsitsimpikou, et al., 2002
Mita, E.; Tsitsimpikou, C.; Tsiveleka, L.; Petrakis, P.V.; Ortiz, A.; Vagias, C.; Roussis, V., Seasonal Variation of Oleoresin Terpenoids from Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinea and Host Selection of the Scale Insect Marchalina hellenica (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Margarodidae, Coelostonidiinae), Holzforschung, 2002, 56, 6, 572-578, https://doi.org/10.1515/HF.2002.087 . [all data]

Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002
Raina, V.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Syamasunder, K.V., The essential oil of 'greater galangal' [Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd.] from the lower Himalayan region of India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 5, 358-360, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1105 . [all data]

Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2002, 2
Raina, V.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Jain, N.; Ahmad, A.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Aggarwal, K.K., Essential oil composition of Curcuma longa L. cv. Roma from the plains of northern India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 2, 99-102, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1053 . [all data]

Salido, Altarejos, et al., 2002
Salido, S.; Altarejos, J.; Nogueras, M.; Sánchez, A.; Pannecouque, C.; Witvrouw, M.; De Clercq, E., Chemical studies of essential oils of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. badia, J. Ethnopharmacol., 2002, 81, 1, 129-134, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(02)00045-4 . [all data]

Shawl, Srivastava, et al., 2002
Shawl, A.S.; Srivastava, S.K.; Syamasundar, K.V.; Tripathi, S.; Raina, V.K., Essential oil composition of Achillea millefolium L. growing wild in Kashmir, India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 3, 165-168, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1074 . [all data]

Akrout, Chemli, et al., 2001
Akrout, A.; Chemli, R.; Chreïf, I.; Hammami, M., Analysis of the essential oil of Artemisia campestris L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 5, 337-339, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1006 . [all data]

Jain, Srivastava, et al., 2001
Jain, N.; Srivastava, S.K.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Ramesh, S.; Kumar, S., Essential oil composition of Zanthoxylum alatum seeds from northern India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 6, 408-410, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1024 . [all data]

Nagarajan, Rao, et al., 2001
Nagarajan, S.; Rao, L.J.M.; Gurudutt, K.N., Chemical composition of the volatiles of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br., Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 3, 212-214, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.985 . [all data]

Nagalakshmi, Thangadurai, et al., 2001
Nagalakshmi, M.A.H.; Thangadurai, D.; Anuradha, T.; Pullaiah, T., Essential oil constituents of Melia dubia, a wild relative of Azadirachta indica growing in the Eastern Ghats of Peninsular India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 4, 241-244, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.986 . [all data]

Raina, Srivastava, et al., 2001
Raina, V.K.; Srivastava, S.K.; Aggarwal, K.K.; Ramesh, S.; Kumar, S., Essential oil composition of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume leaves from Little Andaman, India, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 5, 374-376, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1016 . [all data]

Adams, 2000
Adams, R.P., Systematics of smooth leaf margin Juniperus of the western hemisphere based on leaf essential oils and RAPD DNA fingerprinting, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 2, 149-162, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00047-2 . [all data]

Adams, 2000, 2
Adams, R.P., Systematics of Juniperus section Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 6, 515-528, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00089-7 . [all data]

Adams, 2000, 3
Adams, R.P., The serrate leaf margined Juniperus (Section Sabina) of the western hemisphere: systematics and evolution based on leaf essential oils and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 10, 975-989, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00022-3 . [all data]

Ramos, Siani, et al., 2000
Ramos, M.F.S.; Siani, A.C.; Tappin, M.R.R.; Guimaraes, A.C.; Lahoz, J.E.; Ribeiro, J.E.L.S., Essential oils from oleoresins of Protium spp. of the Amazon region, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 6, 383-387, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200011/12)15:6<383::AID-FFJ927>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Adams, 1999
Adams, R.P., Systematics of multi-seeded eastern hemisphere Juniperus based on leaf essential oils and RAPD DNA fingerprinting, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1999, 27, 7, 709-725, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(99)00016-2 . [all data]

Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999
Siani, A.C.; Ramos, M.F.S.; Menezes-de-Lima, O., Jr.; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, R.; Fernadez-Ferreira, E.; Soares, R.O.A.; Rosas, E.C.; Susunaga, G.S.; Guimarães, A.C.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Henriques, M.G.M.O., Evaluation of anti-inflammatory-related activity of essential oils from the leaves and resin of species of Protium, J. Ethnopharmacol., 1999, 66, 1, 57-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00148-2 . [all data]

Vera and Chane-Ming, 1999
Vera, R.R.; Chane-Ming, J., Chemical composition of the essential oil of marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) from Reunion Island, Food Chem., 1999, 66, 2, 143-145, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00018-1 . [all data]

Kaul and Vats, 1998
Kaul, V.K.; Vats, S.K., Essential oil composition of Bothriochloa pertusa and phyletic relationship in aromatic grasses, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 1998, 26, 3, 347-356, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(97)00103-8 . [all data]

Mallavarapu, Rao, et al., 1998
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Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997
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Menut, C.; Molangui, T.; Lamaty, G.E.; Bessière, J.-M.; Habimana, J.-B. Menut.; Molangui, T.; Lamaty, G.E.; Bessière, J.-M.; Habimana, J.-B., Aromatic plants of tropical Central Africa. 23. Chemical composition of leaf essential oils of Eucalyptus goniocalyx F. Muell. and Eucalyptus patens Benth. grown in Rwanda, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 5, 1267-1271, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00053a026 . [all data]

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Ekundayo, Laakso, et al., 1988
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Notes

Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References

Symbols used in this document:

T_end Final temperature

T_start Initial temperature
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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