Amylene hydrate
- Formula: C5H12O
- Molecular weight: 88.1482
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: MSXVEPNJUHWQHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-85-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 2-Butanol, 2-methyl-; tert-Pentyl alcohol; tert-Amyl alcohol; tert-Pentanol; Dimethyl ethyl carbinol; Ethyl dimethyl carbinol; 1,1-Dimethyl-1-propanol; 2-Methyl-2-butanol; C2H5C(CH3)2OH; 2-Methyl butanol-2; 3-Methylbutan-3-ol; t-Amyl alcohol; 2-Methylbutan-2-ol; tert-Isoamyl alcohol; 3-Methyl-butanol-(3); Methyl-2 butanol-2; Methyl-3 butanol-3; NSC 25498; 2-methyl-2-butanol (tert-amyl alcohol)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -78.70 | kcal/mol | N/A | Chao and Rossini, 1965 | Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of -379.5±0.54 kj/mol from Chao and Rossini, 1965 and ΔvapH° value of 50.17 kj/mol from missing citation.; DRB |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas | 86.7 ± 1.6 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Wilhoit R.C., 1973 | Other third-law value of entropy at 298.15 K is 366.85 J/mol*K [ Stull D.R., 1969].; GT |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
40.08 ± 0.99 | 381.35 | Stromsoe E., 1970 | Ideal gas heat capacities are given by [ Stromsoe E., 1970] as a linear function Cp=f1*(a+bT). This expression approximates the experimental values with the average deviation of 4.14 J/mol*K. The accuracy of the experimental heat capacities [ Stromsoe E., 1970] is estimated as less than 0.3%.; GT |
40.30 ± 0.99 | 384.65 | ||
40.49 ± 0.99 | 387.45 | ||
41.07 ± 0.99 | 396.05 | ||
41.21 ± 0.99 | 398.05 | ||
43.10 ± 0.99 | 425.95 | ||
46.43 ± 0.99 | 475.25 | ||
49.52 ± 0.99 | 520.85 | ||
53.25 ± 0.99 | 576.05 |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | -90.71 ± 0.13 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Chao and Rossini, 1965 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°liquid | -789.45 ± 0.11 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Chao and Rossini, 1965 | Corresponding ΔfHºliquid = -90.70 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°liquid | 54.80 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 46.78 J/mol*K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
59.070 | 298.15 | Piekarski and Somsen, 1988 | DH |
59.479 | 298.15 | Benson and D'Arcy, 1986 | DH |
59.479 | 298.15 | Benson and D'Arcy, 1986, 2 | DH |
59.11 | 298.15 | D'Aprano, DeLisi, et al., 1983 | Data given at 288 and 298 K.; DH |
58.351 | 294.4 | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | T = 92 to 294 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 375.1 ± 0.9 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 38 out of 42 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 264.2 | K | N/A | Costello and Bowden, 1958 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 263.95 | K | N/A | Wibaut, Hoog, et al., 1939 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 262.75 | K | N/A | Wibaut, Hoog, et al., 1939 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.6 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 264.0 | K | N/A | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933, 2 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 543.7 ± 0.5 | K | N/A | Gude and Teja, 1995 | |
Tc | 543.7 | K | N/A | Quadri, Khilar, et al., 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.7 K; TRC |
Tc | 545. | K | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
Tc | 544.9 | K | N/A | Brown, 1906 | TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 36.6 ± 0.2 | atm | N/A | Gude and Teja, 1995 | |
Pc | 36.61 | atm | N/A | Quadri, Khilar, et al., 1991 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.39 atm; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 12.0 ± 0.3 | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
9.331 | 375.4 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
12.2 | 318. | EB | Gierycz, Kosowski, et al., 2009 | Based on data from 303. to 373. K.; AC |
11.3 | 323. | N/A | Aucejo, Burguet, et al., 1994 | Based on data from 308. to 375. K.; AC |
11.7 | 295. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 280. to 375. K.; AC |
10.9 | 338. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 323. to 376. K.; AC |
11.6 ± 0.05 | 313. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
11.1 ± 0.05 | 328. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
10.6 ± 0.02 | 343. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
10.0 ± 0.02 | 358. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
9.63 ± 0.02 | 368. | C | Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985 | AC |
12.6 | 313. | N/A | Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1973 | Based on data from 298. to 375. K.; AC |
11.6 | 313. | N/A | Butler, Ramchandani, et al., 1935 | Based on data from 298. to 364. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH = A exp(-αTr)
(1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kcal/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | 298. to 368. |
---|---|
A (kcal/mol) | 13.97 |
α | -1.4989 |
β | 1.2301 |
Tc (K) | 545. |
Reference | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
298.12 to 363.98 | 4.4610 | 1261.658 | -91.953 | Butler, Ramchandani, et al., 1935, 2 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
0.535 | 262.7 | AC | TONG, TAN, et al., 2008 | AC |
0.48 | 264.7 | AC | Straka, van Genderen, et al., 2007 | Based on data from 84. to 301. K.; AC |
1.07 | 264. | N/A | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | See also Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933.; AC |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
3.212 | 146. | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | CAL |
0.19 | 213. | ||
4.034 | 264. |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.4689 | 146.0 | crystaline, III | crystaline, II | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | DH |
0.0399 | 213. | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | DH |
1.065 | 264.0 | crystaline, I | liquid | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3.212 | 146.0 | crystaline, III | crystaline, II | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | DH |
0.19 | 213. | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | DH |
4.034 | 264.0 | crystaline, I | liquid | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | DH |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Chao and Rossini, 1965
Chao, J.; Rossini, F.D.,
Heats of combustion, formation, and isomerization of nineteen alkanols,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1965, 10, 374-379. [all data]
Wilhoit R.C., 1973
Wilhoit R.C.,
Physical and thermodynamic properties of aliphatic alcohols,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1973, 2, Suppl. 1, 1-420. [all data]
Stull D.R., 1969
Stull D.R., Jr.,
The Chemical Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds. Wiley, New York, 1969. [all data]
Stromsoe E., 1970
Stromsoe E.,
Heat capacity of alcohol vapors at atmospheric pressure,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1970, 15, 286-290. [all data]
Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.; Barmore, M.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XI. The heat capacities,
entropies and free energies of ten compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 2733-2740. [all data]
Piekarski and Somsen, 1988
Piekarski, H.; Somsen, G.,
Heat capacities and volumes of mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide with isobutanol, sec-butanol and t-pentanol, J. Chem. Soc.,
Faraday Trans. 1, 1988, 84(2), 529-537. [all data]
Benson and D'Arcy, 1986
Benson, G.C.; D'Arcy, P.J.,
Excess isobaric heat capacities of some binary mixtures: (a C5-alkanol + n-heptane) at 298.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1986, 18, 493-498. [all data]
Benson and D'Arcy, 1986, 2
Benson, G.C.; D'Arcy, P.J.,
Heat capacities of binary mixtures of n-dodecane with hexane isomers,
Thermochim. Acta, 1986, 102, 75-81. [all data]
D'Aprano, DeLisi, et al., 1983
D'Aprano, A.; DeLisi, R.; Donato, D.I.,
Thermodynamics of binary mixtures: volumes, heat capacities, and dilution enthalpies for the n-pentanol + 2-methyl-2-butanol system,
J. Solution Chem., 1983, 12, 383-400. [all data]
Costello and Bowden, 1958
Costello, J.M.; Bowden, S.T.,
The Temperature Variation of Orthobaric Density Difference in Liquid-Vapor Systems III. Alcohols,
Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 1958, 77, 36-46. [all data]
Wibaut, Hoog, et al., 1939
Wibaut, J.P.; Hoog, H.; Langedijk, S.L.; Overhoff, J.; Smittenberg, J.; Benninga, N.; Bouman, G.P.; van Dijk, H.; Gaade, W.; Geldof, H.; Hackmann, J.Th.; Jonker, E.W.; Paap, T.; Zuiderweg, F.J.,
Study on the Preparation and the Physical Constants of A Number of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes,
Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 1939, 58, 329. [all data]
Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933, 2
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.; Barmore, M.,
Thermal Data on Organic Compounds. XI. The Heat Capacities, Entropies and Free Energies of Ten Compounds Containing Oxygen or Nitrogen,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 7, 2733, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01334a016
. [all data]
Gude and Teja, 1995
Gude, M.; Teja, A.S.,
Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 4. Aliphatic Alkanols,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 1025-1036. [all data]
Quadri, Khilar, et al., 1991
Quadri, S.K.; Khilar, K.C.; Kudchadker, A.P.; Patni, M.J.,
Measurement of the critical temperatures and critical pressures of some thermally stable or mildly unstable alkanols,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1991, 23, 67-76. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Brown, 1906
Brown, J.C.,
The critical temperature and value of ml/theta of some carbon compounds,
J. Chem. Soc., Trans., 1906, 89, 311. [all data]
Gierycz, Kosowski, et al., 2009
Gierycz, Pawel; Kosowski, Andrzej; Swietlik, Ryszard,
Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Binary Systems Formed by Cyclohexane with Alcohols,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2009, 54, 11, 2996-3001, https://doi.org/10.1021/je900050z
. [all data]
Aucejo, Burguet, et al., 1994
Aucejo, Antonio; Burguet, M.C.; Monton, Juan B.; Munoz, Rosa; Sanchotello, Margarita; Vazquez, M. Isabel,
Isothermal Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of 1-Pentanol with 2-Methyl-1-butanol, 2-Methyl-2-butanol, and 3-Methyl-2-butanol,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1994, 39, 3, 578-580, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00015a040
. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.; Lencka, M.,
Enthalpies of vaporization and cohesive energies of dimethylpyridines and trimethylpyridines,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1985, 17, 4, 365-370, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(85)90133-8
. [all data]
Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1973
Wilhoit, R.C.; Zwolinski, B.J.,
Physical and thermodynamic properties of aliphatic alcohols,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data Suppl., 1973, 1, 2, 1. [all data]
Butler, Ramchandani, et al., 1935
Butler, J.A.V.; Ramchandani, C.N.; Thomson, D.W.,
58. The solubility of non-electrolytes. Part I. The free energy of hydration of some aliphatic alcohols,
J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 280, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9350000280
. [all data]
Butler, Ramchandani, et al., 1935, 2
Butler, J.A.V.; Ramchandani, C.N.; Thomson, D.W.,
The Solubility of Non-Electrolytes. Part 1. The Free Energy of Hydration of Some Alphatic Alcohols,
J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 280-285, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9350000280
. [all data]
TONG, TAN, et al., 2008
TONG, Bo; TAN, Zhi-Cheng; WANG, Shao-Xu,
Low Temperature Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of 2-Methyl-2-butanol,
Chin. J. Chem., 2008, 26, 9, 1561-1566, https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.200890282
. [all data]
Straka, van Genderen, et al., 2007
Straka, Martin; van Genderen, Aad; Ruzicka, Kvetoslav; Ruzicka, Vlastimil,
Heat Capacities in the Solid and in the Liquid Phase of Isomeric Pentanols,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007, 52, 3, 794-802, https://doi.org/10.1021/je060411g
. [all data]
Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid Pc Critical pressure S°gas Entropy of gas at standard conditions S°liquid Entropy of liquid at standard conditions Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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