Benzene
- Formula: C6H6
- Molecular weight: 78.1118
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 71-43-2
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: [6]Annulene; Benzol; Benzole; Coal naphtha; Cyclohexatriene; Phenyl hydride; Pyrobenzol; Pyrobenzole; Benzolene; Bicarburet of hydrogen; Carbon oil; Mineral naphtha; Motor benzol; Benzeen; Benzen; Benzin; Benzine; Benzolo; Fenzen; NCI-C55276; Phene; Rcra waste number U019; UN 1114; NSC 67315; 1,3,5-Cyclohexatriene
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- Other data available:
- Gas phase thermochemistry data
- Condensed phase thermochemistry data
- Phase change data
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 99
- Henry's Law data
- Gas phase ion energetics data
- Ion clustering data
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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | RTX-5 | RTX-5 | RTX-5 | RTX-5 | HP-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Temperature (C) | 100. | 120. | 60. | 80. | 0. |
I | 685. | 694.74 | 672.74 | 674.03 | 651.1 |
Reference | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-1 | HP-1 | HP-1 | HP-1 | HP-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Temperature (C) | 10. | 20. | 30. | 40. | 50. |
I | 648.9 | 657.6 | 650.2 | 646.8 | 645. |
Reference | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-1 | SE-30 | HP-5 | HP-5 | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 30. | 1. | 60. | 60. | |
Carrier gas | H2 | ||||
Substrate | Chromaton N-AW | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 160. | 100. | 120. | 70. |
I | 652.6 | 638. | 678.8 | 683.3 | 641.51 |
Reference | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | Kurbatova, Finkelstein, et al., 2004 | Pérez-Parajón, Santiuste, et al., 2004 | Pérez-Parajón, Santiuste, et al., 2004 | Soják, 2004 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | ||
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 1. | ||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 70. | 313. | 323. | 333. |
I | 641.45 | 641.96 | 649.89 | 651.77 | 653.93 |
Reference | Soják, 2004 | Soják, 2004 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. |
Temperature (C) | 343. | 353. | 363. | 373. | 383. |
I | 656.09 | 658.35 | 660.36 | 663.60 | 664.40 |
Reference | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. |
Temperature (C) | 393. | 403. | 413. | 423. | 313. |
I | 666.96 | 670.44 | 672.02 | 674.86 | 666.03 |
Reference | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. |
Temperature (C) | 323. | 333. | 343. | 353. | 363. |
I | 667.42 | 669.56 | 671.74 | 673.50 | 675.70 |
Reference | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 | DB-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. | 1. |
Temperature (C) | 373. | 383. | 393. | 403. | 413. |
I | 677.75 | 680.27 | 681.27 | 683.59 | 685.29 |
Reference | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | OV-1 | SE-30 | HP-5 | HP-5 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | |||
Carrier gas | He or N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | Gas-Chrom Q | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.25 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 0.25 | |||
Temperature (C) | 423. | 130. | 160. | 120. | 120. |
I | 687.79 | 672. | 684.6 | 682.5 | 676. |
Reference | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Gurevich and Roshchina, 2003 | Santiuste, Harangi, et al., 2003 | Santiuste, Harangi, et al., 2003 | Santiuste J.M. and Takacs J.M., 2003 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-5 | Methyl Silicone | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 60. | 15. | 30. | 30. | 30. |
Carrier gas | N2 | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Temperature (C) | 140. | 150. | 50. | 60. | 70. |
I | 686.4 | 670.45 | 636.6 | 639.1 | 641.7 |
Reference | Santiuste J.M. and Takacs J.M., 2003 | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2002 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | C78, Branched paraffin |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 30. | 30. | 3.3 |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Temperature (C) | 80. | 90. | 100. | 110. | 130. |
I | 644.5 | 646.6 | 650.0 | 652.5 | 677.2 |
Reference | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-101 | OV-101 | Squalane | OV-1 | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | |
Carrier gas | H2 | He | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.2 | 0.4 | |||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 110. | 200. | 100. | 100. |
I | 654.52 | 662. | 675. | 663. | 663.0 |
Reference | Garay, 2000 | Zhuravleva, 2000 | Castello, Vezzani, et al., 1999 | Zhu, Zhang, et al., 1999 | Zhu, Zhang, et al., 1999 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 10. | 30. | 50. | 5. | |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | N2 | |
Substrate | Chromosorb G HP | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.53 | 0.3 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 5.0 | 0.4 | ||
Temperature (C) | 140. | 60. | 0. | 110. | 100. |
I | 668. | 654. | 644. | 677. | 663.2 |
Reference | Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998 | Dewulf, Van Langenhove, et al., 1997 | Skrbic, 1997 | Terenina, Zhuravieva, et al., 1997 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 | CP Sil 2 | CP Sil 2 |
Column length (m) | 5. | 5. | 5. | 100. | 100. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | ||
Substrate | Chromosorb G HP | Chromosorb G HP | Chromosorb G HP | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | |||
Temperature (C) | 110. | 80. | 90. | 60. | 80. |
I | 667.4 | 654.7 | 660.2 | 649.4 | 656.3 |
Reference | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995 | Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SPB-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 | DB-1 | PONA |
Column length (m) | 30. | 20. | 20. | ||
Carrier gas | He | H2 | H2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.5 | ||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 150. | 180. | 60. | 60. |
I | 643. | 678.1 | 688.0 | 653.8 | 654.2 |
Reference | Castello, Vezzani, et al., 1994 | Cha and Lee, 1994 | Cha and Lee, 1994 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | PONA | DB-1 | OV-101 | CP Sil 5 CB | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 25. | 5. | |||
Carrier gas | H2 | H2 | H2 | H2 | N2 |
Substrate | Chromosorb G HP | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.15 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.5 | 1. | 0.2 | 2. | |
Temperature (C) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 20. | 120. |
I | 654.2 | 654.4 | 653.5 | 647.2 | 669.9 |
Reference | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | Do and Raulin, 1992 | Hassani and Meklati, 1992 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | SE-30 | C78, Branched paraffin | HP-1 | HP-1 |
Column length (m) | 3. | 0.25 | 3.3 | 25. | 25. |
Carrier gas | H2 | He | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | Silanized white support (80-100 mesh) | Gas Chrom Q (100-120 mesh) | Chromosorb G HP | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.20 | 0.20 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 120. | 130. | 60. | 60. |
I | 649. | 666. | 675.0 | 655. | 655. |
Reference | Hongwei and Zhide, 1992 | Kowalski, 1992 | Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992 | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-1 | HP-1 | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. | 60. | 60. | 50. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 120. | 100. |
I | 664. | 664. | 663.1 | 670.7 | 663. |
Reference | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-1 | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 20. | 20. | 25. | 25. | 50. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.22 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.21 |
Temperature (C) | 45. | 65. | 45. | 65. | 50. |
I | 651.3 | 655.4 | 651.4 | 655.8 | 637.2 |
Reference | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | SE-54 | SE-54 | Squalane | HP-1 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 25. | 25. | 2. | 25. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | N2 |
Substrate | Risorb (0.2-0.3 mm) | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 0.20 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.21 | 0.52 | 0.52 | ||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 45. | 65. | 70. | 60. |
I | 641.8 | 666.5 | 667.4 | 645. | 654. |
Reference | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | Safina, Poznyak, et al., 1989 | Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 25. | 50. | |||
Carrier gas | N2 | He | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.20 | 0.22 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 40. | 60. | 80. | 50. |
I | 655. | 649. | 653. | 658. | 637. |
Reference | Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988 | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | SE-30 | SE-30 | PoraPLOT Q | PoraPLOT Q |
Column length (m) | 50. | 25. | 25. | 25. | 25. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | H2 | H2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.53 | 0.53 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1. | |||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 110. | 80. | 200. | 200. |
I | 641.4 | 662. | 661. | 630. | 650. |
Reference | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | Samusenko and Golovnya, 1988 | Samusenko and Golovnya, 1988 | de Zeeuw, de Nijs, et al., 1988 | de Zeeuw, de Nijs, et al., 1988 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | Apolane | OV-101 | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 50. | 3.7 | 2. | 3.5 | |
Carrier gas | He | N2 | H2 | N2 | |
Substrate | Chromosorb G AW DCMS | Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh) | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.30 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 150. | 120. | 80. | 80. |
I | 664. | 687. | 672. | 646. | 642. |
Reference | Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987 | Evans and Haken, 1987 | Fernández-Sánchez, Fernández-Torres, et al., 1987 | Fernández-Sánchez, García-Domínguez, et al., 1987 | Kersten and Poole, 1987 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 100. | |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.27 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
Temperature (C) | 100. | 40. | 50. | 60. | 70. |
I | 651. | 652.1 | 654.1 | 656.0 | 658.3 |
Reference | Nabivach and Vasiliev, 1987 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Apolane | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | 3.7 | 3. | 3. | 3. | 200. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | ||
Substrate | Chromosorb G AW DCMS | Chromosorb A AW | Chromosorb W AW | ||
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 150. | 180. | 42. | 180. | 120. |
I | 687. | 681. | 655. | 681. | 668. |
Reference | Haken and Vernon, 1986 | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985 | Rudenko, Mal'tsev, et al., 1985 | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984 | Stolyarov and Kartsova, 1984 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | OV-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 3. | 2. | 85. | 85. | 85. |
Carrier gas | Ar | N2 | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh) | Gas Chrom Q | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.28 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 150. | 120. | 100. | 100. | 100. |
I | 675. | 669. | 662. | 664. | 662. |
Reference | Tiess, 1984 | Valko, Papp, et al., 1984 | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | Apolane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 85. | 3. | 3. | 3. | 3. |
Carrier gas | N2 | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | Chromosorb G | Chromosorb G | Chromosorb G | Chromosorb G | |
Column diameter (mm) | 0.28 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 110. | 100. | 100. | 120. | 125. |
I | 664. | 670. | 647. | 653. | 652. |
Reference | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | Castello and D'Amato, 1983 | Castello and D'Amato, 1983 | Castello and D'Amato, 1983 | Castello and D'Amato, 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 3. | ||||
Carrier gas | He | ||||
Substrate | Chromosorb G | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 200. | 30. | 40. | 50. | 60. |
I | 675. | 647. | 649. | 651. | 653. |
Reference | Castello and D'Amato, 1983 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-3 | OV-3 | OV-3 |
Column length (m) | |||||
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 80. | 30. | 40. | 50. |
I | 656. | 658. | 671.1 | 673.0 | 675.1 |
Reference | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-3 | OV-3 | OV-3 | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 100. | 100. | |||
Carrier gas | He | He | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 70. | 80. | 106. | 96. |
I | 677.2 | 679.5 | 681.9 | 650. | 647. |
Reference | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983 | Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | SE-30 | Apiezon L | Apiezon L |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 15. | 2. | 2. |
Carrier gas | N2 | He | He | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.264 | 0.259 | 0.25 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | ||||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 60. | 70. | 100. | 100. |
I | 653.8 | 654.4 | 657.1 | 685.2 | 685.6 |
Reference | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | Tóth, 1983 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Apiezon L | Apiezon L | SE-30 | OV-1 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 55. | 100. |
Carrier gas | He | He | |||
Substrate | Gaschrom Q | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.21 | 0.5 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 50. | 130. |
I | 686.8 | 687.4 | 664. | 652. | 670. |
Reference | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | Winskowski, 1983 | Anders, Scheller, et al., 1982 | Bredael, 1982 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 | Apiezon L |
Column length (m) | 100. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 1.8 |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | ||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.5 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 80. | 100. | 120. | 140. | 70. |
I | 659. | 664. | 671. | 678. | 667. |
Reference | Bredael, 1982 | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982 | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982 | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982 | Jaworski, 1982 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Apiezon L | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-1 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | 3. | 100. | 55. | 17.5 | 17.5 |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.20 | 0.9 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
Temperature (C) | 150. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
I | 680. | 654. | 651. | 653. | 650. |
Reference | Jaworski, 1982 | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | |||
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | H2 | H2 | H2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 86. | 96. | 30. | 40. | 50. |
I | 648. | 650.22 | 648.4 | 650.5 | 652.6 |
Reference | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-1 | OV-1 | OV-1 | SE-30 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | |||||
Carrier gas | H2 | H2 | H2 | H2 | H2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 60. | 70. | 80. | 30. | 40. |
I | 654.9 | 657.2 | 659.7 | 645.7 | 648. |
Reference | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 50. | ||||
Carrier gas | H2 | H2 | H2 | H2 | N2 |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.3 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 50. | 60. | 70. | 80. | 100. |
I | 650.3 | 652.7 | 655.2 | 658.2 | 663.6 |
Reference | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | Squalane | Squalane | OV-1 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 100. | 100. | 150. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | N2 | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.50 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 120. | 140. | 50. | 50. | 60. |
I | 670.7 | 677.8 | 638. | 638. | 646. |
Reference | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | Mitra, 1981 | Mitra, 1981 | Nijs and Jacobs, 1981 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | Squalane | Apiezon L | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 64. | 100. | 45. | 1. | 100. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | ||
Substrate | Chromaton N-AW-HMDS | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 80. | 80. | 100. | 100. | 50. |
I | 659.1 | 642.9 | 683. | 650. | 637.4 |
Reference | Albaigés and Guardino, 1980 | Albaigés and Guardino, 1980 | Morishita, Okano, et al., 1980 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Triacontane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 3. | 3. |
Carrier gas | He | He | |||
Substrate | Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh) | Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh) | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 50. | 70. | 80. | 80. |
I | 642.2 | 637.2 | 642.5 | 651. | 652. |
Reference | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2 | Castello and D'Amato, 1979 | Castello and D'Amato, 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 1. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 86. | 86. | 86. | 86. |
I | 648. | 647.8 | 648.0 | 648.7 | 649.0 |
Reference | Gröbler and Bálizs, 1979 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 10. | 10. | 50. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 70. | 70. | 70. | 86. |
I | 642.5 | 642.9 | 641.1 | 641.4 | 648. |
Reference | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | Drozd, Novák, et al., 1978 | Drozd, Novák, et al., 1978 | Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Apiezon M | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 50. | 80. | 100. | 120. | |
Carrier gas | N2 | He | |||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 96. | 50. | 120. | 100. | 100. |
I | 650.2 | 636.8 | 684. | 650. | 645.5 |
Reference | Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978 | Welsch, Engewald, et al., 1978 | Golovnya and Misharina, 1977 | Engewald and Wennrich, 1976 | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Packed | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Apolane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 120. | 2.4 | 50. | 50. | 100. |
Carrier gas | He | He | H2 | ||
Substrate | Chromosorb | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 70. | 60. | 60. | 80. |
I | 646. | 659.2 | 639. | 642. | 644.42 |
Reference | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976 | Ryba, 1976 | Ryba, 1976 | Soják and Rijks, 1976 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | SE-30 | Squalane | SE-30 | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 1. | 1. | 1. | 3.7 | 100. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | Chromaton N-AW-GMDS | Chromaton N-AW-GMDS | DCMS-treated Celite | Celaton (62-72 mesh) | |
Column diameter (mm) | 0.23 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 40. | 60. | 100. | 150. | 42.5 |
I | 648. | 647. | 650. | 674. | 636. |
Reference | Vylegzhanina and Keiser, 1976 | Vylegzhanina and Keiser, 1976 | Vernon and Edwards, 1975 | Ashes and Haken, 1974 | Engewald, Epsch, et al., 1974 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | SE-30 | SE-30 |
Column length (m) | 100. | 100. | 100. | 25.5 | 25.5 |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.23 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 70. | 50. | 70. | 65. | 65. |
I | 644. | 637. | 642. | 654.8 | 654.8 |
Reference | Engewald, Epsch, et al., 1974 | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 | SE-30 | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 25.5 | 25.5 | 25.5 | 25.5 | 10.5 |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 65. | 65. | 65. | 65. | 100. |
I | 654.8 | 654.7 | 654.7 | 654.8 | 650.4 |
Reference | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974 | Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 100. | 25. | 25. | 25. | 25. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | N2 | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1.39 | 1.39 | 1.39 | 1.39 | |
Temperature (C) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
I | 638. | 652. | 654. | 654. | 656. |
Reference | Gäumann and Bonzo, 1973 | Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973 | Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973 | Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973 | Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) |
Column length (m) | 100. | 50. | 50. | ||
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | |||
Substrate | Celite 545 | Celite 545 | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 100. | 120. | 86. | 35. | 45. |
I | 660.7 | 649. | 644. | 652. | 655. |
Reference | Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973 | Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972 | Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972 | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 3. | 100. | |||
Carrier gas | N2 | ||||
Substrate | Chromosorb W | ||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 50. | 58. | 68. | 50. | 70. |
I | 657. | 660. | 662. | 640.0 | 639.7 |
Reference | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | Takács, Tálas, et al., 1972 | Dimov and Schopov, 1971 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | SE-30 | Squalane | Squalane | Apiezon L | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 6.1 | 3.0 | 3. | 100. | |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | CH4 | |
Substrate | Chromosorb W | Embacel | |||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | ||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 75. | 100. | 50. | 100. | 80. |
I | 656. | 648. | 637. | 685. | 648.5 |
Reference | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | Vernon, 1971 | Wagaman and Smith, 1971 | Wallaert, 1971 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Apiezon L | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 200. | 200. | 2.3 | 15. | 15. |
Carrier gas | N2 | N2 | N2 | He | He |
Substrate | DCMS-treated Chromosorb W | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.25 | 0.25 | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 115. | 86. | 100. | 27. | 49. |
I | 653.6 | 646.6 | 681. | 634. | 640. |
Reference | Soják and Bucinská, 1970 | Soják and Bucinská, 1970 | Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968 | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | Hively and Hinton, 1968 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Apiezon L | Apiezon L | Apiezon L |
Column length (m) | 15. | 15. | 10. | 10. | 10. |
Carrier gas | He | He | |||
Substrate | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P |
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | |||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 67. | 86. | 100. | 120. | 140. |
I | 645. | 649. | 680. | 686. | 694. |
Reference | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Apiezon L | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 10. | 6. | 6. | 6. | 6. |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P | Chromosorb P |
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 80. | 100. | 120. | 140. | 80. |
I | 681. | 650. | 655. | 660. | 645. |
Reference | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed | Packed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane | Squalane |
Column length (m) | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
Carrier gas | |||||
Substrate | Untreated celite | Untreated celite | Untreated celite | Untreated celite | Untreated celite |
Column diameter (mm) | |||||
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Temperature (C) | 22. | 30. | 40. | 55. | 70. |
I | 631. | 632. | 634. | 643. | 645. |
Reference | Evans, 1966 | Evans, 1966 | Evans, 1966 | Evans, 1966 | Evans, 1966 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Packed |
---|---|
Active phase | Apiezon L |
Column length (m) | 2.25 |
Carrier gas | |
Substrate | Celite |
Column diameter (mm) | |
Phase thickness (μm) | |
Temperature (C) | 130. |
I | 691. |
Reference | Wehrli and Kováts, 1959 |
Comment | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005
Ádámová, M.; Orinák, A.; Halás, L.,
Retention indices as identification tool in pyrolysis-capillary gas chromatography,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2005, 1087, 1-2, 131-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.01.003
. [all data]
Wang, Liu, et al., 2005
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Quantitative and qualitative head-space gas analysis of parts per billion amounds of hydrocarbons in water. A study of model systems by capillary-column gas chromatography with splitless sample injection,
J. Chromatogr., 1978, 158, 471-482, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)89989-6
. [all data]
Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978
Nabivach, V.M.; Bur'yan, P.; Matsak, I.,
Retention indices of aromatic hydrocarbons on a squalane capillary column,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1978, 33, 7, 1108-1113. [all data]
Welsch, Engewald, et al., 1978
Welsch, Th.; Engewald, W.; Berger, P.,
IX. Das gas-chromatographische Retentionsverhalten isomerer Octine and Octadiine,
Chromatographia, 1978, 11, 1, 5-9, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02262945
. [all data]
Golovnya and Misharina, 1977
Golovnya, R.V.; Misharina, T.A.,
Characterization of the selectivity of stationary phases from the partial molar free energies of solution of standards,
Chromatographia, 1977, 10, 11, 658-660, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268893
. [all data]
Engewald and Wennrich, 1976
Engewald, W.; Wennrich, L.,
Molekülstruktur und Retentionsverhalten. VIII. Zum Retentionsverhalten höherer Alkylbenzole bei der Gas-Verteilungs-Chromatographie,
Chromatographia, 1976, 9, 11, 540-547, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275960
. [all data]
Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N.,
Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines
in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. [all data]
Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976
Riedo, F.; Fritz, D.; Tarján, G.; Kováts, E.Sz.,
A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatography,
J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 63-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84063-2
. [all data]
Ryba, 1976
Ryba, M.,
Unlösliche Restfilme er stationären Flüssigkeit in gas-chromatographischen Glaskapillaren,
Chromatographia, 1976, 9, 3, 105-112, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02330376
. [all data]
Soják and Rijks, 1976
Soják, L.; Rijks, J.A.,
Capillary gas chromatography of alkylbenzenes. I. Some problems encountered with the precision of the retention indcies of alkylbenzenes,
J. Chromatogr., 1976, 119, 505-521, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86812-0
. [all data]
Vylegzhanina and Keiser, 1976
Vylegzhanina, G.F.; Keiser, L.S.,
Determination of the heats of solution of the insecticide gardona and its metabolites in the stationary phase and their Kovats retention indices,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1976, 31, 1, 171-173. [all data]
Vernon and Edwards, 1975
Vernon, F.; Edwards, G.T.,
Gas-liquid chromatography on fluorinated stationary phases. I. Hydrocarbons and fluorocarbons,
J. Chromatogr., 1975, 110, 1, 73-80, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)91212-3
. [all data]
Ashes and Haken, 1974
Ashes, J.R.; Haken, J.K.,
Gas chromatography of homologous esters. VI. Structure-retention increments of aliphatic esters,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 101, 1, 103-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)94737-5
. [all data]
Engewald, Epsch, et al., 1974
Engewald, W.; Epsch, K.; Graefe, J.; Welsch, Th.,
Molekülstruktur und retentionsverhalten. II. Retentionsverhalten cycloaliphatischer kohlenwasser-stoffe bei der gas-adsorptions- und gas-verteilungschromatographie,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 623-631, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97943-9
. [all data]
Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A.,
High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons,
Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819
. [all data]
Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D.; Cramers, C.A.,
Mechanisms of the thermal degradation of alkylbenzenes,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 659-675, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97946-4
. [all data]
Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D.,
Kovats Retention Indices in the Identification of Alkylbenzene Degradation Products,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 677-689, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97947-6
. [all data]
Gäumann and Bonzo, 1973
Gäumann, T.; Bonzo, R.,
The gas-chromatographic retention indices of deuterated compounds,
Helv. Chim. Acta, 1973, 56, 3, 1165-1176, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19730560340
. [all data]
Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973
Pacáková, V.; Hoch, K.; Smolková, E.,
The Effect of Instrumentation on the Precision of Retention Indexes,
Chromatographia, 1973, 6, 7, 320-324, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269334
. [all data]
Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973
Schomburg, G.; Dielmann, G.,
Identification by means of retention parameters,
J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1973, 11, 3, 151-159, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/11.3.151
. [all data]
Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972
Agrawal, B.B.; Tesarík, K.; Janák, J.,
Gas chromatographic characterization of sulphur compounds in the 93-162° gasoline cut from Romashkino crude oil using Kováts retention indices,
J. Chromatogr., 1972, 65, 1, 207-215, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86933-2
. [all data]
Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P.,
Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography
in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25. [all data]
Takács, Tálas, et al., 1972
Takács, J.; Tálas, Zs.; Bernáth, I.; Czakó, Gy.; Fischer, A.,
Contribution to the theory of the retention index system. IV. Retention index and molecular structure. Calculation of retention indices of olefins, cyclic hydrocarbons and homologues of benzene hydrocarbons on the basis of their molecular structures,
J. Chromatogr., 1972, 67, 2, 203-212, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)91222-1
. [all data]
Dimov and Schopov, 1971
Dimov, N.; Schopov, D.,
Empirische korrektion der physikalisch-chemischen retentionsindexe von kohlenwasserstoffen auf squalan,
J. Chromatogr., 1971, 63, 223-228, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85634-X
. [all data]
Robinson and Odell, 1971
Robinson, P.G.; Odell, A.L.,
A system of standard retention indices and its uses. The characterisation of stationary phases and the prediction of retention indices,
J. Chromatogr., 1971, 57, 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(71)80001-8
. [all data]
Vernon, 1971
Vernon, F.,
An investigation into hydrogen bonding in gas-liquid chromatography,
J. Chromatogr., 1971, 63, 249-257, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85637-5
. [all data]
Wagaman and Smith, 1971
Wagaman, K.L.; Smith, T.G.,
Use of hydrocarbons as carrier gases in GLC,
J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1971, 9, 4, 241-244, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/9.4.241
. [all data]
Wallaert, 1971
Wallaert, B.,
Détermination des indices de Kovats sur colonne capillaire polaire,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1971, 1107-1109. [all data]
Soják and Bucinská, 1970
Soják, L.; Bucinská, A.,
Open tubular column gas chromatography of dehydrogenation products of C6-C10 n-alkanes. Separation and identification of mixtures of C6-C10 straight-chain alkanes, alkenes and aromatics,
J. Chromatogr., 1970, 51, 75-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)96841-4
. [all data]
Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968
Brown, I.; Chapman, I.L.; Nicholson, G.J.,
Gas chromatography of polar solutes in electron acceptor stationary phases,
Aust. J. Chem., 1968, 21, 5, 1125-1141, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9681125
. [all data]
Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E.,
Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates,
J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203
. [all data]
Bonastre and Grenier, 1967
Bonastre, J.; Grenier, P.,
Contribution à l'étude de la polarité des phases stationnaires en chromatographie gas-liquide. I. Calcul des coefficients d'activité relatifs et des indices de rétention de quelques hydrocarbures aromatiques,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1967, 4, 1395-1405. [all data]
Evans, 1966
Evans, M.B.,
Retention indices of solutes on squalane, dinonyl phthalate, and polyethylene glycol 400,
J. Gas Chromatogr., 1966, 4, 1, 1-3, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/4.1.1
. [all data]
Wehrli and Kováts, 1959
Wehrli, A.; Kováts, E.,
Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen,
Helv. Chim. Acta, 1959, 7, 7, 2709-2736, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19590420745
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal, References
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