1-Butanol

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-328. ± 4.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-2670. ± 20.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid225.73J/mol*KN/ACounsell, Hales, et al., 1965DH
liquid228.0J/mol*KN/AParks, Kelley, et al., 1929Extrapolation below 90 K, 46.02 J/mol*K. Revision of previous data.; DH
liquid251.9J/mol*KN/AParks, 1925Extrapolation below 90 K, 73.81 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
176.86298.15Andreoli-Ball, Patterson, et al., 1988DH
176.67298.15Gates, Wood, et al., 1986T = 298.15 to 368.15 K.; DH
177.7298.Korolev, Kukharenko, et al., 1986DH
192.2321.05Naziev, Bashirov, et al., 1986T = 321.05, 349.20, 373.35 K. p = 0.1 MPa. Unsmoothed experimental datum given as 2.5934 kJ/kg*K.; DH
177.18298.15Ogawa and Murakami, 1986DH
175.97298.15Roux-Dexgranges, Grolier, et al., 1986DH
176.69298.15Tanaka, Toyama, et al., 1986DH
177.08298.15Zegers and Somsen, 1984DH
174.3293.15Arutyunyan, Bagdasaryan, et al., 1981T = 293 to 373 K. p = 0.1 MPa. Unsmoothed experimental datum given as 2.351 kJ/kg*K. Cp given from 293.15 to 533.15 for pressure range 10 to 60 MPa.; DH
181.6303.5Griigo'ev, Yanin, et al., 1979T = 303 to 462 K. p = 0.98 bar.; DH
179.5301.2Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970T = 28, 40°C.; DH
177.03298.15Counsell, Hales, et al., 1965T = 11 to 323 K.; DH
189.1323.Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1960Mean value 21 to 78°C.; DH
215.5302.6Phillip, 1939DH
183.3298.Trew and Watkins, 1933DH
175.3294.0Parks, 1925T = 90 to 294 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
180.3303.Willams and Daniels, 1924T = 303 to 343 K. Equation only.; DH
174.5298.von Reis, 1881T = 290 to 390 K.; DH

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil390.6 ± 0.8KAVGN/AAverage of 137 out of 146 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus188. ± 9.KAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple184.54KN/AWilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Ttriple184.51KN/ACounsell, Hales, et al., 1965, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC
Ttriple183.9KN/AParks, 1925, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc562. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 21 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc45. ± 4.barAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.274l/molN/AGude and Teja, 1995 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc3.65 ± 0.06mol/lAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap52. ± 3.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 15 out of 16 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
43.29390.9N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
46.0372.EBMuñoz and Krähenbühl, 2001Based on data from 357. to 389. K.; AC
38.2423.N/AWormald and Fennell, 2000AC
29.6473.N/AWormald and Fennell, 2000AC
20.8523.N/AWormald and Fennell, 2000AC
49.9330.N/ADejoz, Cruz Burguet, et al., 1995Based on data from 315. to 390. K.; AC
45.3379.N/ASusial and Ortega, 1993Based on data from 364. to 403. K.; AC
45.3387.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 376. to 399. K.; AC
50.1338.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 323. to 413. K.; AC
41.9428.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 413. to 550. K.; AC
51.6236.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 209. to 251. K.; AC
45.4386.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 376. to 397. K.; AC
43.8406.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 391. to 429. K.; AC
41.9430.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 415. to 501. K.; AC
37.4512.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 497. to 563. K.; AC
47.2366.EBStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 351. to 397. K. See also Ambrose, Counsell, et al., 1970.; AC
49.0344.N/ASachek, Peshchenko, et al., 1982Based on data from 329. to 391. K.; AC
49.5 ± 0.1333.CSvoboda, Veselý, et al., 1973AC
48.6 ± 0.1343.CSvoboda, Veselý, et al., 1973AC
47.5 ± 0.1353.CSvoboda, Veselý, et al., 1973AC
46.4 ± 0.1363.CSvoboda, Veselý, et al., 1973AC
55.0303.N/AWilhoit and Zwolinski, 1973Based on data from 288. to 404. K.; AC
53.0310.DTAKemme and Kreps, 1969Based on data from 295. to 391. K.; AC
47.2 ± 0.1356.CCounsell, Hales, et al., 1965, 2AC
45.4 ± 0.1381.CCounsell, Hales, et al., 1965, 2AC
43.1 ± 0.1391.CCounsell, Hales, et al., 1965, 2AC
42.1434.N/AAmbrose and Townsend, 1963Based on data from 419. to 563. K.; AC
46.6377.EBBiddiscombe, Collerson, et al., 1963Based on data from 362. to 398. K.; AC
48.3352.N/ABrown and Smith, 1959Based on data from 337. to 390. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC
48.3352.N/AKahlbaum, 1898Based on data from 314. to 390. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-αTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) 298. to 410.
A (kJ/mol) 62.53
α -0.6584
β 0.696
Tc (K) 562.9
ReferenceMajer and Svoboda, 1985

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
295.8 to 391.04.546071351.555-93.34Kemme and Kreps, 1969 
391. to 479.4.390311254.502-105.246Hessel and Geiseler, 1965Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
419.34 to 562.984.429211305.001-94.676Ambrose and Townsend, 1963, 2Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
362.36 to 398.844.503931313.878-98.789Biddiscombe, Collerson, et al., 1963, 2Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
9.372184.5Counsell, Hales, et al., 1965DH
9.28183.9Acree, 1991AC
9.280183.9Parks, 1925DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
50.79184.5Counsell, Hales, et al., 1965DH
50.46183.9Parks, 1925DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Counsell, Hales, et al., 1965
Counsell, J.F.; Hales, J.L.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part 16. Butyl alcohol, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1869-1875. [all data]

Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. V. A revision of the entropies and free energies of nineteen organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1929, 51, 1969-1973. [all data]

Parks, 1925
Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds I. The heat capacities and free energies of methyl, ethyl and normal-butyl alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 338-345. [all data]

Andreoli-Ball, Patterson, et al., 1988
Andreoli-Ball, L.; Patterson, D.; Costas, M.; Caceres-Alonso, M., Heat capacity and corresponding states in alkan-1-ol-n-alkane systems, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1988, 84(11), 3991-4012. [all data]

Gates, Wood, et al., 1986
Gates, J.A.; Wood, R.H.; Cobos, J.C.; Casanova, C.; Roux, A.H.; Roux-Desgranges, G.; Grolier, J.-P.E., Densities and heat capacities of 1-butanol + n-decane from 298 K to 400 K, Fluid Phase Equilib., 1986, 27, 137-151. [all data]

Korolev, Kukharenko, et al., 1986
Korolev, V.P.; Kukharenko, V.A.; Krestov, G.A., Specific heat of binary mixtures of aliphatic alcohols with N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethylsulphoxide, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1986, 60, 1854-1857. [all data]

Naziev, Bashirov, et al., 1986
Naziev, Ya.M.; Bashirov, M.M.; Badalov, Yu.A., Experimental device for measurement of isobaric specific heat of electrolytes at elevated pressures, Inzh-Fiz. Zhur., 1986, 51(5), 789-795. [all data]

Ogawa and Murakami, 1986
Ogawa, H.; Murakami, S., Excess isobaric heat capacities for water + alkanol mixtures at 298.15 K, Thermochim. Acta, 1986, 109, 145-154. [all data]

Roux-Dexgranges, Grolier, et al., 1986
Roux-Dexgranges, G.; Grolier, J.-P.E.; Villamanan, M.A.; Casanova, C., Role of alcohol in microemulsions. III. Volumes and heat capacities in the continuious phase water-n-butanol-toluene of reverse micelles, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1986, 25, 209-230. [all data]

Tanaka, Toyama, et al., 1986
Tanaka, R.; Toyama, S.; Murakami, S., Heat capacities of {xCnH2n+1OH+(1-x)C7H16} for n = 1 to 6 at 298.15 K, J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1986, 18, 63-73. [all data]

Zegers and Somsen, 1984
Zegers, H.C.; Somsen, G., Partial molar volumes and heat capacities in (dimethylformamide + an n-alkanol), J. Chem. Thermodynam., 1984, 16, 225-235. [all data]

Arutyunyan, Bagdasaryan, et al., 1981
Arutyunyan, G.S.; Bagdasaryan, S.S.; Kerimov, A.M., Experimental investigation of the isobaric heat capacity of n-propyl, n-butyl and n-amyl alcohols at different temperatures and pressures, Izv. Akad. Nauk Azerb. SSr, 1981, (6), 94-97. [all data]

Griigo'ev, Yanin, et al., 1979
Griigo'ev, B.A.; Yanin, G.S.; Rastorguev, Yu.L.; Thermophysical parameters of alcohols, Tr. GIAP, 54, 1979, 57-64. [all data]

Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970
Paz Andrade, M.I.; Paz, J.M.; Recacho, E., Contribucion a la microcalorimetria de los calores especificos de solidos y liquidos, An. Quim., 1970, 66, 961-967. [all data]

Swietoslawski and Zielenkiewicz, 1960
Swietoslawski, W.; Zielenkiewicz, A., Mean specific heat in homologous series of binary and ternary positive azeotropes, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci. Ser. Sci. Chim., 1960, 8, 651-653. [all data]

Phillip, 1939
Phillip, N.M., Adiabatic and isothermal compressibilities of liquids, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., 1939, A9, 109-120. [all data]

Trew and Watkins, 1933
Trew, V.C.G.; Watkins, G.M.C., Some physical properties of mixtures of certain organic liquids, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1933, 29, 1310-1318. [all data]

Willams and Daniels, 1924
Willams, J.W.; Daniels, F., The specific heats of certain organic liquids at elevated temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1924, 46, 903-917. [all data]

von Reis, 1881
von Reis, M.A., Die specifische Wärme flüssiger organischer Verbindungen und ihre Beziehung zu deren Moleculargewicht, Ann. Physik [3], 1881, 13, 447-464. [all data]

Wilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985
Wilhoit, R.C.; Chao, J.; Hall, K.R., Thermodynamic Properties of Key Organic Compounds in the Carbon Range C1 to C4. Part 1. Properties of Condensed Phases, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1985, 14, 1. [all data]

Counsell, Hales, et al., 1965, 2
Counsell, J.F.; Hales, J.L.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part 16.?Butyl alcohol, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1869, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9656101869 . [all data]

Parks, 1925, 2
Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds: I the heat capacities and free energies of methyl, ethyl and n-butyl alcohol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 338-45. [all data]

Gude and Teja, 1995
Gude, M.; Teja, A.S., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 4. Aliphatic Alkanols, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 1025-1036. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Muñoz and Krähenbühl, 2001
Muñoz, Laura A.L.; Krähenbühl, M. Alvina, Isobaric Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) Data of the Systems n -Butanol + Butyric Acid and n -Butanol + Acetic Acid, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2001, 46, 1, 120-124, https://doi.org/10.1021/je000033u . [all data]

Wormald and Fennell, 2000
Wormald, C.J.; Fennell, D.P., Organometallics, 2000, 21, 3, 767-779, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006648903706 . [all data]

Dejoz, Cruz Burguet, et al., 1995
Dejoz, Ana; Cruz Burguet, M.; Munoz, Rosa; Sanchotello, Margarita, Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Tetrachloroethylene with 1-Butanol and 2-Butanol at 6 and 20 kPa, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 1, 290-292, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00017a064 . [all data]

Susial and Ortega, 1993
Susial, Pedro; Ortega, Juan, Isobaric vapor-liquid equilibria in the system methyl propanoate + n-butyl alcohol, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1993, 38, 4, 647-649, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00012a044 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Ambrose, Counsell, et al., 1970
Ambrose, D.; Counsell, J.F.; Davenport, A.J., The use of Chebyshev polynomials for the representation of vapour pressures between the triple point and the critical point, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1970, 2, 2, 283-294, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(70)90093-5 . [all data]

Sachek, Peshchenko, et al., 1982
Sachek, A.I.; Peshchenko, A.D.; Markovnik, V.S.; Ral'ko, O.V.; Andreevskii, D.N.; Leont'eva, A.A., Termodin. Org. Soedin., 1982, 94. [all data]

Svoboda, Veselý, et al., 1973
Svoboda, V.; Veselý, F.; Holub, R.; Pick, J., Enthalpy data of liquids. II. The dependence of heats of vaporization of methanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, and benzene on temperature, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1973, 38, 12, 3539-3543, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19733539 . [all data]

Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1973
Wilhoit, R.C.; Zwolinski, B.J., Physical and thermodynamic properties of aliphatic alcohols, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data Suppl., 1973, 1, 2, 1. [all data]

Kemme and Kreps, 1969
Kemme, Herbert R.; Kreps, Saul I., Vapor pressure of primary n-alkyl chlorides and alcohols, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1969, 14, 1, 98-102, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60040a011 . [all data]

Ambrose and Townsend, 1963
Ambrose, D.; Townsend, R., 681. Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part IX. The critical properties and vapour pressures, above five atmospheres, of six aliphatic alcohols, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 3614, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9630003614 . [all data]

Biddiscombe, Collerson, et al., 1963
Biddiscombe, D.P.; Collerson, R.R.; Handley, R.; Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F.; Sprake, C.H.S., 364. Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part VIII. Purification and vapour pressures of the propyl and butyl alcohols, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 1954, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9630001954 . [all data]

Brown and Smith, 1959
Brown, I.; Smith, F., Liquid-Vapour Equilibria. IX. The Systems n-Propanol + Benzene and n-Butanol + Benzene at 45°C, Aust. J. Chem., 1959, 12, 3, 407-621, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9590407 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Kahlbaum, 1898
Kahlbaum, G.W.A., Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1898, 26, 577. [all data]

Hessel and Geiseler, 1965
Hessel, D.; Geiseler, G., Uber die Druckabhangigkeit des heteroazeotropen Systems n-Butanol/Wasser, Z. Phys. Chem. (Leipzig), 1965, 229, 199-209. [all data]

Ambrose and Townsend, 1963, 2
Ambrose, D.; Townsend, R., Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Oxygen Compounds. Part 9. The Critical Properties and Vapour Pressures, above Five Atmospheres, of Six Aliphatic Alcohols, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 3614-3625, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9630003614 . [all data]

Biddiscombe, Collerson, et al., 1963, 2
Biddiscombe, D.P.; Collerson, R.R.; Handley, R.; Herington, E.F.G.; Martin, J.F.; Sprake, C.H.S., Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Oxygen Compounds. Part 8. Purification and Vapor Pressures of the Propyl and Butyl Alcohols, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 1954-1957, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9630001954 . [all data]

Acree, 1991
Acree, William E., Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation, Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References