Hexanal

• Formula: C₆H₁₂O
• Molecular weight: 100.1589
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H12O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7/h6H,2-5H2,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: JARKCYVAAOWBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 66-25-1
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: n-Caproaldehyde; n-Hexanal; Caproaldehyde; Caproic aldehyde; Capronaldehyde; Hexaldehyde; n-C5H11CHO; 1-Hexanal; n-Hexaldehyde; n-Caproylaldehyde; Aldehyde C-6; Kapronaldehyd; UN 1207; Hexylaldehyde; n-Capronaldehyde; Hexan-1-al; Hexanaldehyde; NSC 2596
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
• Options:
  • Switch to calorie-based units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

References

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Kurashov, Mitrukova, et al., 2014
Kurashov, E.A.; Mitrukova, G.G.; Krylova, Yu.V., Variations in the component composition of essential oil of Ceratophyllum demersum (Ceratophyllaceae) during vegetation (in press), Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2014, 1, 000-000. [all data]

Kurashov, Krylova, et al., 2013
Kurashov, E.A.; Krylova, Yu.V.; Mitrukova, G.G., Variations in component composition of essential oil of Potamogeton pusillus (Potamogetonaceae) dirong vegetation, Plant Resources (Rastitel'nye Resursy), 2013, 000-000. [all data]

Bendiabdellah, El Amine Dib, et al., 2012
Bendiabdellah, A.; El Amine Dib, M.; Djabou, N.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Costa, J.; Myseli, A., Biological activities and volatile cinstituents of Daucus muricatus L. from Algeria, Chem. Centr. J., 2012, 6, 48, 1-22. [all data]

Fang, Pu, et al., 2012
Fang, S.; Pu, B.; Chen, A.; Kangzhou, Ao; Xu, D., A box-behnken design for characterizing Chineser truffles (Tuber indicum) aroma by HS-SPME-GC-MS, J. Food Res., 2012, 1, 3, 219-229, https://doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v1n3p219 . [all data]

Mondello, 2012
Mondello, L., HS-SPME-GCxGC-MS analysis of Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) in Shimadzu GC-GC application compendium of comprehensive 2D GC, Vol. 1-5, Shimadzu Corp., 2012, 1-29. [all data]

Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012
Robinson, A.L.; Adams, D.O.; Boss, P.K.; Heymann, H.; Solomon, P.S.; Trengove, R.D., Influence of geographic origine on the sensory characteristics and wine composition of Vitus viniferas cv. Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Australia (Supplemental data), Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 2012, 64, 4, 467-476, https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2012.12023 . [all data]

VOC BinBase, 2012
VOC BinBase, The volatile compound BinBase (VOC BinBase), 2012, retrieved from http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects/VocBinBase and http://binbase.sourceforge.net. [all data]

Chaverri, Diaz, et al., 2011
Chaverri, C.; Diaz, C.; Cicco, J.F., Chemical analysis of essential oils from Ocotea gomezii W.C. Burger and Ocotea morae Gomez-Laur. (Lauraceae) collected at Reserva biologica Alberto M. Brenes in Costa Rica and their cytotoxic activity on Tumor cell lines, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2011, 22, 4, s1-s4, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532011000400018 . [all data]

Liu, Lu, et al., 2011
Liu, S.; Lu, S.; Su, Y.; Guo, Y., Analysis of volatile compounds in Radix Bupleuri injection by GC-MS-MS, Chromatographia, 2011, 74, 5-6, 497-502, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-011-2082-7 . [all data]

Miyazaki, Plotto, et al., 2011
Miyazaki, T.; Plotto, A.; Goodner, K.; Gmitter F.G., Distribution of aroma volatile compounds in tangerine hybrids and proposed inheritance, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2011, 91, 3, 449-460, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4205 . [all data]

Nance and Setzer, 2011
Nance, M.R.; Setzer, W.N., Volatile components of aroma hops (Humulus lupulus L.) commonly used in beer brewing, J. of Brewing and Distilling, 2011, 2, 2, 16-22. [all data]

Skogerson, Wohlgemuth, et al., 2011
Skogerson, K.; Wohlgemuth, G.; Fiehn, O., VocBinNase, 2011, retrieved from http://fiehnlab.ucdavis.edu/projects//VocBinBase. [all data]

Dib, Djabou, et al., 2010
Dib, M.ElA.; Djabou, N.; Desjobert, L.-M.; Allali, H.; Tabti, B.; Muselli, A.; Costa, J., Characterization of volatile compounds of Daucus crinitus Desf. headspace solid phase microextraction as alternative technique to hydrodistillation, Chem, Centr. J., 2010, 4, 16, 1-15. [all data]

Xu, Tang, et al., 2010
Xu, X.; Tang, Z.; Liang, Y., Comparative analysis of plant essential oils by GC-MS coupled with integrated chemometric resolution methods, Anal. Methods, 2010, 2, 4, 359-367, https://doi.org/10.1039/b9ay00213h . [all data]

Christlbauer and Schieberle, 2009
Christlbauer, M.; Schieberle, P., Characterization of the key aroma compounds in beef and pork vegetable gravies a la chef by application of the aroma extract dilution analysis, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 19, 9114-9112, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9023189 . [all data]

Courtois, Paine, et al., 2009
Courtois, E.A.; Paine, C.E.; Blandinieres, P.-A.; Stien, D.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Houel, E.; Baraloto, C.; Chave, J., Diversity of the volatile organic compounds emitted by 55 species of tropical trees: a survey in French Guiana, J. Chem. Ecol., 2009, 35, 11, 1349-1362, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-009-9718-1 . [all data]

Delort and Jaquier, 2009
Delort, E.; Jaquier, A., Novel terpenyl esters from Australian finger lime (Citrus australasica) peel extract, Flav. Fragr. J., 2009, 24, 3, 123-132, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1922 . [all data]

Fan, Lu, et al., 2009
Fan, G.; Lu, W.; Yao, X.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, K.; Pan, S., effect of fermentation on free and bound volatile compounds of orange juice, Flavour Fragr. J., 2009, 24, 5, 219-229, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1931 . [all data]

Pugliese, Sirtori, et al., 2009
Pugliese, C.; Sirtori, F.; Ruiz, J.; Martin, D.; Parenti, S.; Franci, O., Effect of pasture on chestnut or acorn on fatty acid composition and aromatic profile of fat of China Senece dry-cured ham, Gracas y Aceites, 2009, 60, 3, 271-276, https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.130208 . [all data]

Riahi, Pourbasheer, et al., 2009
Riahi, S.; Pourbasheer, E.; Ganjali, M.R.; Norouzi, P., Investigation of different linear and non-linear chemometric methods for modeling of retention index of essential oil components: Concerns to support vector mashine, J. Hazard. Mat., 2009, 166, 2-3, 853-859, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.097 . [all data]

Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 2009
Rotsatschakul, P.; Visesanguan, W.; Smitinont, T.; Chaiseri, S., Changes in volatile compounds during fermentation of nham (Thai fermented sausage), Int. Food Res. J., 2009, 16, 391-414. [all data]

de Simon, Estruelas, et al., 2009
de Simon, B.F.; Estruelas, E.; Munoz, A.M.; Cadahia, E.; Sanz, M., Volatile compounds in acacia, chestnut, cherry, ash, and oak woods, with a view to their use in cooperage, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 8, 3217-3227, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf803463h . [all data]

Collin, Nizet, et al., 2008
Collin, S.; Nizet, S.; Muls, S.; Iraqi, R.; Bouseta, A., Characterization of odor-active compounds in extracts obtained by simultaneous extraction/distillation from Moroccan black olives, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56, 9, 3273-3278, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf073488x . [all data]

Costa, De Fina, et al., 2008
Costa, R.; De Fina, M.R.; Valentino, M.R.; Rustaiyan, A.; Dugo, P.; Dugo, G.; Mondello, L., An investigation on the volatile composition of some Artemisia species from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 24, 2, 75-82, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1919 . [all data]

Qiao, Xie, et al., 2008
Qiao, Y.; Xie, B.J.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; FAn, G.; Yao, X.L.; Pan, S.Y., Characterization of aroma active compounds in fruit juice and peel oil of Junchen sweet orange fruit (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) by GC-MS and GC-O, Molecules, 2008, 13, 6, 1333-1344, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13061333 . [all data]

Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 2008
Risticevic, S.; Carasek, E.; Pawliszyn, J., Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic-time-of-flight mass spectrometric methodology for geographical origin verification of coffee, Anal. Chim. Acta, 2008, 617, 1-2, 72-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.04.009 . [all data]

Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008
Ventanas, S.; Estevez, M.; Andres, A.I.; Ruiz, J., Analysis of volatile compounds of Iberian dry-cured loins with different intramuscular fat contents using SPME-DED, Meat Sci., 2008, 79, 1, 172-180, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.08.011 . [all data]

Watanabe, Ueda, et al., 2008
Watanabe, A.; Ueda, Y.; Higuchi, M.; Shiba, N., Analysis of volatile compounds in beef fat by dinamic-headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography - mass spectrometry, J. Food Sci., 2008, 73, 5, 420-425, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00764.x . [all data]

Xie, Sun, et al., 2008
Xie, J.; Sun, B.; Zheng, F.; Wang, S., Volatile flavor constituents in roasted pork of mini-pig, Food Chem., 2008, 109, 3, 506-514, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.12.074 . [all data]

Zachariah, Leela, et al., 2008
Zachariah, T.J.; Leela, N.K.; Maya, K.M.; Rema, J.; Mathew, P.A.; Vipin, T.M.; Krishnamoorthy, B., Chemical composition of leaf oils of Myristica beddomeii (King), Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) and Myristica malabarica (Lamk.), J. Spices Arom. Crops, 2008, 17, 1, 10-15. [all data]

Zhu, Li, et al., 2008
Zhu, M.; Li, E.; He, H., Determination of volatile chemical constitutes in tea by simultaneous distillation extraction, vacuum hydrodistillation and thermal desrption, Chromatographia, 2008, 68, 7/8, 603-610, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-008-0732-1 . [all data]

Barra, Baldovini, et al., 2007
Barra, A.; Baldovini, N.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Albino, L.; Lesecq, C.; Cuvelier, L.L., Chemical analysis of French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and simultaneous distillation/extraction (SDE), Food Chem., 2007, 101, 3, 1279-1284, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.12.027 . [all data]

Beaulieu and Lancaster, 2007
Beaulieu, J.C.; Lancaster, V.A., Correlating Volatile Compounds, Sensory Attributes, and Quality Parameters in Stored Fresh-Cut Cantaloupe, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 23, 9503-9513, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf070282n . [all data]

Buettner, 2007
Buettner, A., A selective and sensitive approach to characterize odour-active and volatile constituents in small-scale human milk samples, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 6, 465-473, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1822 . [all data]

Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 2007
Cajka, T.; Hajslova, J.; Cochran, J.; Holadova, K.; Klimankova, E., Solid phase microextraction - comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography - time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the analysis of honey volatiles, J. Sep. Sci., 2007, 30, 4, 534-546, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600413 . [all data]

Carrapiso and Garsia, 2007
Carrapiso, A.I.; Garsia, C., Effect of sampling conditions on the odour-active compounds of iberian ham, Cienc. Technol. Aliment., 2007, 5, 4, 287-290, https://doi.org/10.1080/11358120709487703 . [all data]

Chokeprasert P., Charles A.L., et al., 2007
Chokeprasert P.; Charles A.L.; Sue K.H.; Huang T.C., Volatile components of the leaves, fruits and seeds of wampee [Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels], J. Food Comp. Anal., 2007, 20, 1, 52-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.07.002 . [all data]

Díaz-Maroto, Castillo, et al., 2007
Díaz-Maroto, M.C.; Castillo, N.; Castro-Vázquez, L.; González-Viñas, M.A.; Pérez-Coello, M.S., Volatile composition and olfactory profile of pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium L.) plants, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 2, 114-118, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1766 . [all data]

Dou, Li, et al., 2007
Dou, H.-L.; Li, C.-M.; Gu, H.-F.; Hao, J.-F., Comparative analysis on aromatic components of green tea and fresh green tea beverage using HS-SPME/GC-MS/GC-olfactometry/RI methods, Journal of Tea Science, 2007, 27, 1, 51-60. [all data]

Formisano, Rigano, et al., 2007
Formisano, C.; Rigano, D.; Napolitano, F.; Senatore, F.; Arnold, N.A.; Piozzi, F.; Rosselli, S., Volatile constituents of Calamintha ariganifolia Boiss. growing wild in Lebanon, Natural Product Communications, 2007, 2, 12, 1253-1256. [all data]

Lin, Peng, et al., 2007
Lin, L.-Y.; Peng, C.-H.; Wang, H.-E.; Wu, T.-H.; Chen, C.-C.; Yu, T.-H.; Wu, C.-M.; Peng, R.Y., Factors affecting solid phase microextraction (SPME) to concentrate the odorants of Chinese white salted noodles for GC-MS analysis, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 4, 274-279, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1792 . [all data]

Liu, Xu, et al., 2007
Liu, Y.; Xu, X.-L.; Zhou, G.-H., Comparative study of volatile compounds in traditional Chinese Nanjing marinated duck by different extraction techniques, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 2007, 42, 5, 543-550, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2006.01264.x . [all data]

Mallia, Escher, et al., 2007
Mallia, S.; Escher, F.; Rehberger, B.; Schlichtherle-Cerny, H., Aroma-active secondary oxidation products of butter, 3rd QLIF Congress, Hohenheim, Germany, March 20-23, 2007, 2007, retrieved from http://orgprints.org/view/projects/int_conf_qlif2007.html; http://orgprints.org/9734/. [all data]

Meekijjaroenroj, Bessière, et al., 2007
Meekijjaroenroj, A.; Bessière, J.-M.; Anstett, M.-C., Chemistry of floral scents in four Licuala species (Arecaceae), Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 4, 300-310, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1797 . [all data]

Merle, Verdeguer, et al., 2007
Merle, H.; Verdeguer, M.; Blázquez, M.A.; Boira, H., Chemical composition of the essential oils from Eriocephalus africanus L. var. africanus populations growing in Spain, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 6, 461-464, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1821 . [all data]

Mu, Wang, et al., 2007
Mu, R.; Wang, X.; Liu, S.; Yuan, X.; Wang, S.; Fan, Z., Rapid Determination of Volatile Compounds in Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem. by MAE-HS-SPME Followed by GC-MS, Chromatographia, 2007, 65, 7-8, 463-467, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-007-0183-0 . [all data]

Nivinsliene, Butkiene, et al., 2007
Nivinsliene, O.; Butkiene, R.; Gudalevic, A.; Mockute, D.; Meskauskiene, V.; Grigaliunaite, B., Influence of urban environment on chemical composition of Tilia cordata essential oil, Chemija, 2007, 18, 1, 44-49. [all data]

Pellicer, 2007
Pellicer, L.V., Comparison of Sensory Characteristics, and Instrumental flavor Compounds Analysis of Milk Produced by Three Proction Methods. A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007, retrieved from http://edit.missouri,edu/Winter2007/Theses/ValverdePellicerL-053107-T6722/research.pdf. [all data]

Splivallo, Bossi, et al., 2007
Splivallo, R.; Bossi, S.; Maffei, M.; Bonfante, P., Discrimination of truffle fruiting body versus mycelial aromas by stir bar sorptive extraction, Phytochemistry, 2007, 68, 20, 2584-2598, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.03.030 . [all data]

Beaulieu J.C. and Lea J.M., 2006
Beaulieu J.C.; Lea J.M., Characterization and semiquantitative analysis of volatiles in seedless watermelon varieties using solid-phase microextraction, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 20, 7789-7793, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf060663l . [all data]

Blank, Lin, et al., 2006
Blank, I.; Lin, J.; Leser, M.E.; Loeliger, J., Formation of odor-active carbonyls in self-assembly structures of phosholipids in Foor Lipids: Chemistry, Flavor, and Texture, Shahidi, F.; Weenen, H., ed(s)., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2006, 19-34. [all data]

Ceva-Antunes, Bizzo, et al., 2006
Ceva-Antunes, P.M.N.; Bizzo, H.R.; Silva, A.S.; Carvalho, C.P.S.; Antunes, O.A.C., Analysis of volatile composition of siriguela (Spondias purpurea L.) by solid phase microextraction (SPME), LWT, 2006, 39, 4, 437-443, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2005.02.007 . [all data]

Helsper, Bücking, et al., 2006
Helsper, J.P.F.G.; Bücking, M.; Muresan, S.; Blaas, J.; Wietsma, W.A., Identification of the volatile component(s) causing the characteristic foxy odor in various cultivars of Fritillaria imperialis L. (Liliaceae), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 14, 5087-5091, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0605594 . [all data]

Jordan, Martinez, et al., 2006
Jordan, M.J.; Martinez, R.M.; Goodner, K.L.; Baldwin, E.A.; Sotomayor, J.A., Seasonal variation of Thymus hyemalis Lange and Spanish Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils composition, Ind. Crops Prod., 2006, 24, 3, 253-263, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2006.06.011 . [all data]

van Ruth, Floris, et al., 2006
van Ruth, S.M.; Floris, V.; Fayoux, S., Characterisation of the volatile profiles of infant formulas by proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Food Chem., 2006, 98, 2, 343-350, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.06.012 . [all data]

Blunden, Aneja, et al., 2005
Blunden, J.; Aneja, V.P.; Lonneman, W.A., Characterization of non-methane volatile organic compounds at swine facilities in eastern North Carolina, Atm. Environ., 2005, 39, 36, 6707-6718, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.03.053 . [all data]

Cramer, Mattinson, et al., 2005
Cramer, A.-C.J.; Mattinson, D.S.; Fellman, J.K.; Baik, B.-K., Analysis of volatile compounds from various types of barley cultivars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 19, 7526-7531, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0506939 . [all data]

Hadorn, Eberhard, et al., 2005
Hadorn, R.; Eberhard, P.; Guggisberg, D.; Piccinali, P.; Schlichtherle-Cerny, H., An alternative surface culture for salami in 51st International Congress of Meat Science and Technology, August 7-12, 2005, Baltimore, MD USA, 2005, 1041-1045. [all data]

Singh, Maurya, et al., 2005
Singh, G.; Maurya, S.; Catalan, C.; de Lampasona, M.P., Studies on essential oils, Part 42: chemical, antifungal, antioxidant and sprout suppressant studies on ginger essential oil and its oleoresin, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1373 . [all data]

Turchini, Giani, et al., 2005
Turchini, G.M.; Giani, I.; Caprino, F.; Moretti, V.M.M.; Valfre, F., Discrimination of origin og farmed trout by means of biometrical parameters, fillet composition and flavor volatile compounds, Ital. J. Animal Sci., 2005, 3, 123-140. [all data]

Carpino, Mallia, et al., 2004
Carpino, S.; Mallia, S.; Licitra, G.; van Soest, P.J.; Acree, T.E., Aroma compounds of some Hyblean pasture species, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 4, 293-297, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1346 . [all data]

Counet, Ouwerx, et al., 2004
Counet, C.; Ouwerx, C.; Rosoux, D.; Collin, S., Relationship between procyanidin and flavor contents of cocoa liquors from different origins, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 20, 6243-6249, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf040105b . [all data]

Crook, Boylston, et al., 2004
Crook, L.R.; Boylston, T.D.; Glatz, B.A., Effect of gas environment and sorbate addition on flavor characteristics of irradiated apple cider during storage, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 23, 6997-7004, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049454w . [all data]

Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004
Garcia-Estaban, M.; Ansorena, D.; Astiasaran, I.; Martin, D.; Ruiz, J., Comparison of simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) for the analysis of volatile compounds in dry-cured ham, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2004, 84, 11, 1364-1370, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1826 . [all data]

Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2
Garcia-Estaban, M.; Ansorena, D.; Astiasarán, I.; Ruiz, J., Study of the effect of different fiber coatings and extraction conditions on dry cured ham volatile compounds extracted by solid-phase microextraction (SPME), Talanta, 2004, 64, 2, 458-466, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2004.03.007 . [all data]

Junkes, Amboni, et al., 2004
Junkes, B.S.; Amboni, R.D.M.C.; Yunes, R.A.; Heinzen, V.E.F., Application of the semi-empirical topological index in quantitative structure-chromatographic retention relationship (QSRR) studies of aliphatic ketones and aldehydes on stationary phases of different polarity, J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2004, 15, 2, 183-189, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532004000200005 . [all data]

Machiels, Istasse, et al., 2004
Machiels, D.; Istasse, L.; van Ruth, S.M., Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of beef meat originating from differently fed Belgian Blue, Limousin and Aberdeen Angus bulls, Food Chem., 2004, 86, 3, 377-383, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.09.011 . [all data]

Moretti, Madonia, et al., 2004
Moretti, V.M.; Madonia, G.; Diaferia, C.; Mentasti, T.; Paleari, M.A.; Panseri, S.; Pirone, G.; Gandini, G., Chemical and microniological parameters and sensory attributes of a typical Sicilian salami ripened in different conditions, Meat Sci., 2004, 66, 4, 845-854, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meatsci.2003.08.006 . [all data]

Turchimi, Mentasti, et al., 2004
Turchimi, G.N.; Mentasti, T.; Carpino, F.; Panseri, S.; Moretti, V.M.; Valfre, F., Effects of dietary lipid sources on flavour volatile compounds of brown trout (Salmo trurra L.) fillet, J. Appl. Ichtyol., 2004, 20, 1, 71-75, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0175-8659.2003.00522.x . [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Chung, Heymann, et al., 2003
Chung, S.-J.; Heymann, H.; Grün, I.U., Application of GPA and PLSR in correlating sensory and chemical data sets, Food Qual. Pref., 2003, 14, 5-6, 485-495, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3293(03)00010-7 . [all data]

Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2003
Jordán, M.J.; Margaría, C.A.; Shaw, P.E.; Goodner, K.L., Volatile components and aroma active compounds in aqueous essence and fresh pink guava fruid puree (Psidium guajava L.) by GC-MS and multidimensional GC/GC-O, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 5, 1421-1426, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020765l . [all data]

Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003
Junkes, B.S.; Castanho, R.D.M.; Amboni, C.; Yunes, R.A.; Heinzen, V.E.F., Semiempirical Topological Index: A Novel Molecular Descriptor for Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies, Internet Electronic Journal of Molecular Design, 2003, 2, 1, 33-49. [all data]

Machiels and Istasse, 2003
Machiels, D.; Istasse, L., Evaluation of two commercial solid-phase microextraction fibres for the analysis of target aroma compounds in cooked beef meat, Talanta, 2003, 61, 4, 529-537, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00319-9 . [all data]

Machiels, van Ruth, et al., 2003
Machiels, D.; van Ruth, S.M.; Posthumus, M.A.; Istasse, L., Gas chromatography-olfactometry analysis of the volatile compounds of two commercial Irish beef meats, Talanta, 2003, 60, 4, 755-764, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-9140(03)00133-4 . [all data]

Qian and Reineccius, 2003
Qian, M.; Reineccius, G., Potent aroma compounds in Parmigiano Reggiano cheese studied using a dynamic headspace (purge-trap) method, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 3, 252-259, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1194 . [all data]

Young, Lane, et al., 2003
Young, O.A.; Lane, G.A.; Priolo, A.; Fraser, K., Pastoral and species flavour in lambs raised on pasture, lucerne or maize, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2003, 83, 2, 93-104, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1282 . [all data]

Bücking and Steinhart, 2002
Bücking, M.; Steinhart, H., Headspace GC and sensory analysis characterization of the influence of different milk additives on the flavor release of coffee beverages, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 6, 1529-1534, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011117p . [all data]

Guyot-Declerck, Renson, et al., 2002
Guyot-Declerck, C.; Renson, S.; Bouseta, A.; Collin, S., Floral quality and discrimination of Lavandula stoechas, Lavandula angustifolia, and Lavandula angustifolia × latifolia honeys, Food Chem., 2002, 79, 4, 453-459, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(02)00216-9 . [all data]

Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2002
Jordán, M.J.; Margaría, C.A.; Shaw, P.E.; Goodner, K.L., Aroma active components in aqueous kiwi fruit essence and kiwi fruit puree by GC-MS and multidimensional GC/GC-O, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 19, 5386-5390, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020297f . [all data]

Landy, Boucon, et al., 2002
Landy, P.; Boucon, C.; Kooyman, G.M.; Musters, P.A.D.; Rosin, E.A.E.; de Joode, T.; Laan, J.; Haring, P.G.M., Sensory and chemical changes in tomato sauces during storage, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 11, 3262-3271, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011249i . [all data]

Poligne, Collignan, et al., 2002
Poligne, I.; Collignan, A.; Trystram, G., Effects of salting, drying, cooking, and smoking operations on volatile compound formation and collor patterns in pork, Food Eng. Physical Properties, 2002, 67, 8, 2976-2986. [all data]

Rapior, Breheret, et al., 2002
Rapior, S.; Breheret, S.; Talou T.; Pelissier, Y.; Bessiere, J.-M., The anise-like odor of Clitocybe odora, Lentinellus cochleatus and Agaricus essettei, Mycologia, 2002, 94, 3, 373-376, https://doi.org/10.2307/3761770 . [all data]

Staples E.S., 2002
Staples E.S., The Chemistry of Black Tea Aroma, EST Internal Report, April, Electronic Sensor Technology, Newbury PAck, CA 91320, 2002, 16, retrieved from http://www.estcal.com/TechPapers/Tea_Samples2.pdf. [all data]

Ansorena, Gimeno, et al., 2001
Ansorena, D.; Gimeno, O.; Astiasarán, I.; Bello, J., Analysis of volatile compounds by GC-MS of a dry fermented sausage: chorizo de Pamplona, Food Res. Int., 2001, 34, 1, 67-75, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0963-9969(00)00133-2 . [all data]

Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001
Duckham, S.C.; Dodson, A.T.; Bakker, J.; Ames, J.M., Volatile flavour components of baked potato flesh. A comparison of eleven potato cultivars, Nahrung/Food, 2001, 45, 5, 317-323, https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-3803(20011001)45:5<317::AID-FOOD317>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Isidorov, Zenkevich, et al., 2001
Isidorov, V.A.; Zenkevich, I.G.; Krajewska, U.; Dubis, E.N.; Jaroszynska, J.; Bal, K., Gas chromatographic analysis of essential oils with preliminary partition of components, Phytochem. Anal., 2001, 12, 2, 87-90, https://doi.org/10.1002/pca.564 . [all data]

Lermusieau, Bulens, et al., 2001
Lermusieau, G.; Bulens, M.; Collin, S., Use of GC-olfactometry to identify the hop aromatic compounds in beer, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 8, 3867-3874, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0101509 . [all data]

Luo and Agnew, 2001
Luo, J.; Agnew, M.P., Gas characteristics before and after biofiltration treating odorous emissions from animal rendering processes, Environ. Technol., 2001, 22, 9, 1091-1103, https://doi.org/10.1080/09593332208618220 . [all data]

van Ruth, Grossmann, et al., 2001
van Ruth, S.M.; Grossmann, I.; Geary, M.; Delahunty, C.M., Interactions between artificial saliva and 20 aroma compounds in water and oil model systems, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 5, 2409-2413, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf001510f . [all data]

Sides, Robards, et al., 2001
Sides, A.; Robards, K.; Helliwell, S.; An, M., Changes in the volatile profile of oats induced by processing, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 5, 2125-2130, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0010127 . [all data]

Spanier, Shahidi, et al., 2001
Spanier, A.M.; Shahidi, F.; Par; iment, T.H.; Mussinan, C., Food Flavors and Chemistry. Advances of the New Millenium, Royal Soc. Chem., 2001, 666. [all data]

Teai, Claude-Lafontaine, et al., 2001
Teai, T.; Claude-Lafontaine, A.; Schippa, C.; Cozzolino, F., Volatile compounds in fresh pulp of pineapple (Ananas comosus [L.] Merr.) from French Polynesia, J. Essent. Oil Res., 2001, 13, 5, 314-318, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2001.9712222 . [all data]

Yang, 2001
Yang, R., Analysis of the volatile components in peel oil of Yuzu by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Chin. J. Anal. Chem., 2001, 29, 3, 313-316. [all data]

Ansorena, Astiasarán, et al., 2000
Ansorena, D.; Astiasarán, I.; Bello, J., Influence of the simultaneous addition of the protease flavourzyme and the lipase novozyme 677BG on dry fermented sausage compounds extracted by SDE and analyzed by GC-MS, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 6, 2395-2400, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990931y . [all data]

Madruga, Arruda, et al., 2000
Madruga, M.S.; Arruda, S.G.B.; Narain, N.; Souza, J.G., Castration and slaughter age effects on panel assessment and aroma compounds of the mestico goat meat, Meat Sci., 2000, 56, 2, 117-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(00)00025-5 . [all data]

Guyot, Scheirman, et al., 1999
Guyot, C.; Scheirman, V.; Collin, S., Floral origin markers of heather honeys: Calluna vulgaris and Erica arborea, Food Chem., 1999, 64, 1, 3-11, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(98)00122-8 . [all data]

Yen and Lin, 1999
Yen, G.-C.; Lin, H.-T., Changes in volatile flavor components of guava juice with high-pressure treatment and heat processing and during storage, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 5, 2082-2087, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9810057 . [all data]

Young and Baumeister, 1999
Young, O.A.; Baumeister, B.M.B., The effect of diet on the flavour of cooked beef and the odour compounds in beef fat, N.Z. J. Agric. Res., 1999, 42, 3, 297-304, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1999.9513379 . [all data]

Ding, Deng, et al., 1998
Ding, Q.; Deng, Y.; Sun, Y.; Huagn, A.; Sun, Y., Analysis of volatile components in ox feces by capillary gas chromatography, Beijing Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexueban, 1998, 34, 6, 720-725. [all data]

Guyot, Bouseta, et al., 1998
Guyot, C.; Bouseta, A.; Scheirman, V.; Collin, S., Floral origin markers of chestnut and lime tree honeys, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 2, 625-633, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970510l . [all data]

Kawasaki, Matsui, et al., 1998
Kawasaki, W.; Matsui, K.; Akakabe, Y.; Itai, N.; Kajiwara, T., Long-chain aldehyde-forming activity in tobacco leaves, Phytochemistry, 1998, 49, 6, 1565-1568, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00236-2 . [all data]

Matsui, Guth, et al., 1998
Matsui, T.; Guth, H.; Grosch, W., A comparative study of potent odorants in peanut, hazelnut, and pumpkin seed oils on the basis of aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) and gas chromatography-olfactometry of headspace samples (GCOH), Lipid - Fett, 1998, 100, 2, 51-56, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4133(199802)100:2<51::AID-LIPI51>3.0.CO;2-W . [all data]

Reiners and Grosch, 1998
Reiners, J.; Grosch, W., Odorants of virgin olive oils with different flavor profiles, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 7, 2754-2763, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970940b . [all data]

Timón, Ventanas, et al., 1998
Timón, M.L.; Ventanas, J.; Martín, L.; Tejeda, J.F.; García, C., Volatile compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide extracts of Iberian ham, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 12, 5143-5150, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980652v . [all data]

Zehentbauer and Grosch, 1998
Zehentbauer, G.; Grosch, W., Crust aroma of baguettes. I. Key odorants of baguettes prepared in two different ways, J. Cereal Science, 1998, 28, 1, 81-92, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcrs.1998.0184 . [all data]

Boatright and Crum, 1997
Boatright, W.L.; Crum, A.D., Odor and flavor contribution of 2-pentyl pyridine to soy protein isolates, J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc., 1997, 74, 12, 1575-1581, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0080-6 . [all data]

Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technical_series₁997-01-01₁.pdf. [all data]

Lizárraga-Guerra, Guth, et al., 1997
Lizárraga-Guerra, R.; Guth, H.; López, M.G., Identification of the most potent odorants in huitlacoche (Ustilago maydis) and austern pilzen (Pleurotus sp.) by aroma extract dilution analysis and static head-space samples, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 4, 1329-1332, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960650f . [all data]

Mateo, Aguirrezábal, et al., 1997
Mateo, J.; Aguirrezábal, M.; Domínguez, C.; Zumalacárregui, J.M., Volatile compounds in Spanish paprika, J. Food Comp. Anal., 1997, 10, 3, 225-232, https://doi.org/10.1006/jfca.1997.0535 . [all data]

Schermann and Schieberle, 1997
Schermann, P.; Schieberle, P., Evaluation of key odorants in milk chocolate and cocoa mass by aroma extract dilution analyses, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 3, 867-872, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960670h . [all data]

Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 1996
Mateo, J.; Zumalacárregui, J.M., Volatile compounds in chorizo and their changes during ripening, Meat Sci., 1996, 44, 4, 255-273, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0309-1740(96)00028-9 . [all data]

Misharina, 1995
Misharina, T.A., Sorption regularities of sulfur- and oxygen-containing compounds in chromatography and their application in identification of volatile organic compounds, Diss. degree of Dr. Sci. (Chemistry), 1995, 52. [all data]

Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 1994
Buchbauer, G.; Nikiforov, A.; Remberg, B., Headspace constituents of opium, Planta Medica, 1994, 60, 2, 181-183, https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959447 . [all data]

Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994
Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Brachetti, A.; Frattoni, M.; Sparapani, R., Composition and Distribution of Polar and Non-Polar VOCs in Urban, Rural, Forest and Remote Areas, Eur Commission EUR, 1994, 549-568. [all data]

Schieberle and Grosch, 1994
Schieberle, P.; Grosch, W., Potent odorants of rye bread crust - differences from the crumb and from wheat bread crust, Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 1994, 198, 4, 292-296, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01193177 . [all data]

Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 1993
Ciccioli, P.; Brancaleoni, E.; Cecinato, A.; Sparapani, R.; Frattoni, M., Identification and determination of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compounds in forest areas of Northern and Southern Europe and a remote site of the Himalaya region by high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 643, 1-2, 55-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80541-F . [all data]

Guth and Grosch, 1993
Guth, H.; Grosch, W., 12-Methyltridecanal, a species-specific odorant of stewed beef, Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 1993, 26, 2, 171-177, https://doi.org/10.1006/fstl.1993.1035 . [all data]

Jean, Garneau, et al., 1993
Jean, F.-I.; Garneau, F.-X.; Collin, G.J.; Bouhajib, M.; Zamir, L.O., The essential oil and glycosidically bound volatile compounds of Taxus canadensis marsh, J. Essent. Oil Res., 1993, 5, 1, 7-11, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1993.9698163 . [all data]

Milo and Grosch, 1993
Milo, C.; Grosch, W., Changes in the odorants of boiled trout (Salmo fario) as affected by the storage of the raw material, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 11, 2076-2081, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a048 . [all data]

Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning, Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111 . [all data]

Um, Bailey, et al., 1992
Um, K.W.; Bailey, M.E.; Clarke, A.D.; Chao, R.R., Concentration and identification of volatile compounds from heated beef fat using supercritical CO₂ extraction-gas liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1992, 40, 9, 1641-1646, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a033 . [all data]

Schieberle, Ofner, et al., 1990
Schieberle, P.; Ofner, S.; Grosch, W., Evaluation of Potent Odorants in Cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) and Muskmelons (Cucumis melo) by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis, J. Food Sci., 1990, 55, 1, 193-195, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb06050.x . [all data]

Binder, Flath, et al., 1989
Binder, R.G.; Flath, R.A.; Mon, T.R., Volatile components of bittermelon, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 2, 418-420, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00086a032 . [all data]

Binder and Flath, 1989
Binder, R.G.; Flath, R.A., Volatile components of pineapple guava, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 3, 734-736, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00087a034 . [all data]

Blank, Fischer, et al., 1989
Blank, I.; Fischer, K.-H.; Grosch, W., Intensive neutral odourants of linden honey, Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 1989, 189, 5, 426-433, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01028316 . [all data]

Weller and Wolf, 1989
Weller, J.-P.; Wolf, M., Massenspektroskopie und Headspace-GC, Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 1989, 47, 525-532. [all data]

Schultz, Flath, et al., 1988
Schultz, T.H.; Flath, R.A.; Stern, D.J.; Mon, T.R.; Teranishi, R.; McKenna Kruse, S.; Butlder, B.; Howard, W.E., Coyote estrous urine volatiles, J. Chem. Ecol., 1988, 14, 2, 701-712, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01013917 . [all data]

Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988
Takeoka, G.R.; Flath, R.A.; Güntert, M.; Jennings, W., Nectarine volatiles: vacuum steam distillation versus headspace sampling, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1988, 36, 3, 553-560, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00081a037 . [all data]

Shibamoto, 1987
Shibamoto, T., Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis in Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra, P.; Bicchi, C., ed(s)., Hutchig Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 1987, 259-274. [all data]

Suzuki and Bailey, 1985
Suzuki, J.; Bailey, M.E., Direct sampling capillary GLC analysis of flavor volatiles from ovine fat, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1985, 33, 3, 343-347, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00063a006 . [all data]

Flath, Altieri, et al., 1984
Flath, R.A.; Altieri, M.A.; Mon, T.R., Volatile constituents of Amaranthus retroflexus L., J. Agric. Food Chem., 1984, 32, 1, 92-94, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00121a024 . [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981
Heydanek, M.G.; McGorrin, R.J., Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy investigations on the flavor chemistry of oat groats, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 5, 950-954, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00107a016 . [all data]

Swoboda and Lea, 1965
Swoboda, P.A.T.; Lea, C.H., The flavour volatiles of fats and fat-containing foods. II - a gas chromatographic investigation of volatile autoxidation products from sunflower oil, J. Sci. Food Agriculture, 1965, 16, 11, 680-689, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740161108 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program, References

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.