2-Butene, (E)-

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas-10.8 ± 1.0kJ/molCmProsen, Maron, et al., 1951ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcgas-2706.6 ± 0.96kJ/molCmProsen, Maron, et al., 1951Corresponding Δfgas = -10.7 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
36.1250.Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997p=1 bar. Recommended entropies and heat capacities are in good agreement with those obtained from other statistical thermodynamics calculations [ Aston J.D., 1946, Kilpatrick J.E., 1946].; GT
49.26100.
60.38150.
69.41200.
82.76273.15
87.67298.15
88.04300.
108.53400.
128.08500.
145.43600.
160.56700.
173.75800.
185.24900.
195.241000.
203.931100.
211.471200.
218.021300.
223.711400.
228.671500.
238.511750.
245.642000.
250.912250.
254.882500.
257.922750.
260.283000.

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
87.78298.60Kistiakowsky G.B., 1940GT
94.93332.90
102.63371.50

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid163.5J/mol*KN/AChao, Hall, et al., 1983 
liquid205.31J/mol*KN/AGuttman and Pitzer, 1945 
liquid204.97J/mol*KN/ATodd and Parks, 1936Extrapolation below 90 K, 42.80 J/mol*K.

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
124.4280.Chao, Hall, et al., 1983T = 14 to 271 K.
122.34270280.Guttman and Pitzer, 1945T = 15 to 274 K.
122.05259.6Todd and Parks, 1936T = 93 to 260 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil274.2 ± 0.5KAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus167.35KN/AKistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple167.62KN/AChao, Hall, et al., 1983, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Ttriple167.61KN/AGuttman and Pitzer, 1945, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; by extrapolation of 1/f to 0; TRC
Ttriple167.3KN/ATodd and Parks, 1936, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tc428.6 ± 0.1KN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1996 
Tc428.6KN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Tc428.61KN/AAmbrose, Cox, et al., 1960Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; Visual, PRT, IPTS-48; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Pc41.0 ± 0.2barN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1996 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Vc0.2377l/molN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1996 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ρc4.21 ± 0.02mol/lN/ATsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1996 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap21.97kJ/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap21.3kJ/molN/AReid, 1972AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
22.757274.04N/AGuttman and Pitzer, 1945P = 101.325 kPa; DH
22.72274.N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
23.9272.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 205. to 287. K.; AC
23.6288.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. to 315. K.; AC
23.3328.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 313. to 385. K.; AC
23.2397.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 382. to 428. K.; AC
22.76 ± 0.63274.CGuttman and Pitzer, 1945ALS
22.8 ± 0.1274.CGuttman and Pitzer, 1945AC
24.2259.N/AGuttman and Pitzer, 1945Based on data from 203. to 274. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC
23.9268.N/ALamb and Roper, 1940Based on data from 205. to 283. K. See also Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984.; AC
23.83273.4VKistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935, 2At 355 °K; ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH = A exp(-αTr) (1 − Tr)β
    ΔvapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
    Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)

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Temperature (K) 274. to 394.
A (kJ/mol) 30.69
α -0.1948
β 0.417
Tc (K) 428.6
ReferenceMajer and Svoboda, 1985

Entropy of vaporization

ΔvapS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
83.04274.04Guttman and Pitzer, 1945P; DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
201.70 to 274.134.0436982.166-30.775Guttman and Pitzer, 1945Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
9.757167.62Chao, Hall, et al., 1983DH
9.757167.61Guttman and Pitzer, 1945DH
9.76167.6Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
9.861167.3Todd and Parks, 1936DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
58.2167.62Chao, Hall, et al., 1983DH
58.21167.61Guttman and Pitzer, 1945DH
58.94167.3Todd and Parks, 1936DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

2-Butene, (Z)- = 2-Butene, (E)-

By formula: C4H8 = C4H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-4. ± 2.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points

1-Butene = 2-Butene, (E)-

By formula: C4H8 = C4H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-12.6 ± 0.84kJ/molEqkMeyer and Stroz, 1972gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -11.0 kJ/mol; At 300 K; ALS
Δr-12.4 ± 1.7kJ/molEqkHappel, Hnatow, et al., 1971gas phase; ALS
Δr-12.7kJ/molEqkMaccoll and Ross, 1965gas phase; GC; ALS
Δr-11.7 ± 0.84kJ/molEqkGolden, Egger, et al., 1964gas phase; ALS
Δr-11.5kJ/molCisoLevanova and Andreevskii, 1964gas phase; At 420.3 K; ALS

Hydrogen bromide + 2-Butene, (E)- = Butane, 2-bromo-

By formula: HBr + C4H8 = C4H9Br

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-72.22 ± 0.50kJ/molCmLacher, Billings, et al., 1952gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -72.6 ± 5.6 kJ/mol; Heat of hydrobromination at 373 K; ALS

C3H9Si+ + 2-Butene, (E)- = (C3H9Si+ • 2-Butene, (E)-)

By formula: C3H9Si+ + C4H8 = (C3H9Si+ • C4H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr129.kJ/molPHPMSLi and Stone, 1989gas phase; condensation; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr174.J/mol*KPHPMSLi and Stone, 1989gas phase; condensation; M

Hydrogen + 2-Butene, (E)- = Butane

By formula: H2 + C4H8 = C4H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-114.6 ± 0.42kJ/molChydKistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935, 2gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -115.57 ± 0.088 kJ/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

2-Butene, (E)- + Bromine = erythro-2,3-Dibromobutane

By formula: C4H8 + Br2 = C4H8Br2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-121.1 ± 0.84kJ/molCmConn, Kistiakowsky, et al., 1938gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -121.7 ± 0.84 kJ/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

Butane, 2-chloro- = 2-Butene, (E)- + Hydrogen chloride

By formula: C4H9Cl = C4H8 + HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr63.81kJ/molEqkLevanova and Andreevskii, 1964gas phase; At 420 K; ALS

2-Butene, (E)- + Ethylene = cyclobutane, 1,2-dimethyl-, trans-

By formula: C4H8 + C2H4 = C6H12

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-69.9kJ/molEqkScacchi and Back, 1977liquid phase; ALS

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.0044 XN/AValue given here as quoted by missing citation.

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
NIST MS number 18915

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Prosen, Maron, et al., 1951
Prosen, E.J.; Maron, F.W.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion, formation, and insomerization of ten C4 hydrocarbons, J. Res. NBS, 1951, 46, 106-112. [all data]

Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
Thermodynamics Research Center, Selected Values of Properties of Chemical Compounds., Thermodynamics Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1997. [all data]

Aston J.D., 1946
Aston J.D., Thermodynamic properties of gaseous 1,3-butadiene and normal butenes above 25 C. Equilibria in the system 1,3-butadiene, n-butenes, and n-butane, J. Chem. Phys., 1946, 14, 67-79. [all data]

Kilpatrick J.E., 1946
Kilpatrick J.E., Heat content, free energy function, entropy, and heat capacity of ethylene, propylene, and the four butenes to 1500 K, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand, 1946, 37, 163-171. [all data]

Kistiakowsky G.B., 1940
Kistiakowsky G.B., Gaseous heat capacities. III, J. Chem. Phys., 1940, 8, 618-622. [all data]

Chao, Hall, et al., 1983
Chao, J.; Hall, K.R.; Yao, J.M., Thermodynamic properties of simple alkenes, Thermochim. Acta, 1983, 64(3), 285-303. [all data]

Guttman and Pitzer, 1945
Guttman, L.; Pitzer, K.S., trans-2-Butene. The heat capacity, heats of fusion and vaporization, and vapor pressure. The entropy and barrier to internal rotation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1945, 67, 324-327. [all data]

Todd and Parks, 1936
Todd, S.S.; Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds. XV. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for the isomeric butenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 134-137. [all data]

Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935
Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Ruhoff, J.R.; Smith, H.A.; Vaughan, W.E., Heats of Organic Reactions II. Hydrogenation of Some Simpler Olefinic Hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 876-82. [all data]

Chao, Hall, et al., 1983, 2
Chao, J.; Hall, K.R.; Yao, J.M., Thermodynamic Properties of Simple Alkenes, Thermochim. Acta, 1983, 64, 285. [all data]

Guttman and Pitzer, 1945, 2
Guttman, L.; Pitzer, K.S., trans-2-Butene. The Heat Capacity, Heats of Fusion and Vaporization and Vapor Pressure. The Entropy and Barrier to Internal Rotation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1945, 67, 324-7. [all data]

Todd and Parks, 1936, 2
Todd, S.S.; Parks, G.S., Thermal Data on Organic Compounds XV. Some Heat Capacity, Entropy and Free Energy Data for the Isomeric Butenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 134. [all data]

Tsonopoulos and Ambrose, 1996
Tsonopoulos, C.; Ambrose, D., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 6. Unsaturated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1996, 41, 645-656. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Ambrose, Cox, et al., 1960
Ambrose, D.; Cox, J.D.; Townsend, R., The critical temperatures of forty organic compounds, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1960, 56, 1452. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Lamb and Roper, 1940
Lamb, Arthur B.; Roper, Edwin E., The Vapor Pressures of Certain Unsaturated Hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 4, 806-814, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01861a032 . [all data]

Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1935, 2
Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Ruhoff, J.R.; Smith, H.A.; Vaughan, W.E., Heats of organic reactions. II. Hydrogenation of some simpler olefinic hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 876-882. [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Meyer and Stroz, 1972
Meyer, E.F.; Stroz, D.G., Thermodynamics of n-butene isomerization, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 6344-6347. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Happel, Hnatow, et al., 1971
Happel, J.; Hnatow, M.A.; Mezaki, R., Isomerization equilibrium constants of n-butenes, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 206-209. [all data]

Maccoll and Ross, 1965
Maccoll, A.; Ross, R.A., The hydrogen bromide catalyzed isomerization of n-butenes. I. equilibrium values, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1965, 87, 1169-1170. [all data]

Golden, Egger, et al., 1964
Golden, D.M.; Egger, K.W.; Benson, S.W., Iodine-catalyzed isomerization of olefins. I. Thermodynamics data from equilibrium studies of positional and geometrical isomerization of 1-butene and 2-butene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1964, 86, 5416-5420. [all data]

Levanova and Andreevskii, 1964
Levanova, S.V.; Andreevskii, D.N., The equilibrium of 2-chlorobutane dehydrochlorination, Neftekhimiya, 1964, 4, 329-336. [all data]

Lacher, Billings, et al., 1952
Lacher, J.R.; Billings, T.J.; Campion, D.E., Vapor phase heats of hydrobromination of the isomeric butenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 5291-52. [all data]

Li and Stone, 1989
Li, X.; Stone, J.A., Determination of the beta silicon effect from a mass spectrometric study of the association of trimethylsilylium ion with alkenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 15, 5586, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00197a013 . [all data]

Conn, Kistiakowsky, et al., 1938
Conn, J.B.; Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Smith, E.A., Heats of organic reactions. VII. Addition of halogens to olefins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 2764-2771. [all data]

Scacchi and Back, 1977
Scacchi, G.; Back, M.H., The cycloaddition of ethylene to butene-2. II. Energy relations, Int. J. Chem. Kinet., 1977, 9, 525-534. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References