Pyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl-
- Formula: C6H8N2
- Molecular weight: 108.1411
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: OXQOBQJCDNLAPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 5910-89-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Options:
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Go To: Top, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | HP-5 MS | HP-5 MS | Ultra-1 | HP-5 | SLB-5MS |
Column length (m) | 30. | 30. | 50. | 50. | 10. |
Carrier gas | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium | Helium |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.18 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.33 | 0.33 | 0.18 |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 70. | 50. | 50. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 260. | 290. | 280. | 280. | 295. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 5. | 2. | 10. | 10. |
Initial hold (min) | 1.5 | ||||
Final hold (min) | 5. | 10. | 20. | 8.5 | |
I | 911. | 920. | 892. | 918. | 902. |
Reference | Miyazawa, Marumoto, et al., 2011 | Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010 | Du, Clery, et al., 2008 | Du, Clery, et al., 2008 | Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 2008 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-5 | HP-5 | MDN-5 | MDN-5 |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | He |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | ||
Tstart (C) | 60. | 50. | 30. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 250. | 260. | 270. | 270. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 2. | 4. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 2. | 4. | 4. |
Final hold (min) | 28. | 5. | 5. | ||
I | 930. | 930. | 917.1 | 921. | 925. |
Reference | Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006 | Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006, 2 | Leffingwell and Alford, 2005 | van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005 | van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-5 | DB-1 | HP-5 | DB-1 | DB-1 |
Column length (m) | 30. | 60. | 50. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.25 | 1. | 0.52 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Tstart (C) | 60. | 40. | 35. | 40. | 40. |
Tend (C) | 240. | 260. | 250. | 260. | 260. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 2. | 2. | 2. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 15. | ||||
Final hold (min) | 45. | ||||
I | 915. | 902. | 917. | 902. | 900. |
Reference | Tellez, Khan, et al., 2004 | Chen and Ho, 1999 | Boylston and Viniyard, 1998 | Chen and Ho, 1998 | Chen and Ho, 1998, 2 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.25 | 0.32 | 0.25 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1.0 | 1. | ||
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 30. | 40. | 30. |
Tend (C) | 260. | 280. | 200. | 280. | 200. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 3. | 2. | 4. | 2. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 25. | 2. | 25. | ||
Final hold (min) | 20. | 40. | 20. | ||
I | 908. | 893. | 890. | 899. | 890. |
Reference | Chen, Wang, et al., 1998 | Tai and Ho, 1998 | Buttery, Ling, et al., 1997 | Lu, Yu, et al., 1997 | Buttery and Ling, 1995 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 60. | 60. | 60. | 50. | 50. |
Carrier gas | He | He | He | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 1. | 1.0 | 1. | 0.5 | |
Tstart (C) | 40. | 40. | 40. | 80. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 260. | 260. | 260. | 200. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 2. | 2. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | 5. | 5. | 5. | ||
Final hold (min) | 60. | 60. | 60. | ||
I | 899. | 898. | 900. | 900. | 895. |
Reference | Yu and Ho, 1995 | Yu, Wu, et al., 1994 | Yu, Wu, et al., 1994, 2 | Egolf and Jurs, 1993 | Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 | DB-1 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 60. | 60. | 60. | 60. |
Carrier gas | He | ||||
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.32 |
Phase thickness (μm) | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 250. | 250. | 250. | 250. | 250. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. | 4. | 4. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | |||||
Final hold (min) | |||||
I | 895. | 889. | 892. | 892. | 893. |
Reference | Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991 | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active phase | OV-101 | OV-101 | OV-1 | OV-101 | OV-101 |
Column length (m) | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. | 50. |
Carrier gas | N2 | Hydrogen | N2 | He | |
Substrate | |||||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.31 |
Phase thickness (μm) | |||||
Tstart (C) | 80. | 80. | 50. | 80. | 0. |
Tend (C) | 200. | 200. | 200. | 200. | 225. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 2. | 2. | 1. | 2. | 3. |
Initial hold (min) | 1. | ||||
Final hold (min) | 35. | ||||
I | 897. | 897. | 892. | 897. | 890. |
Reference | Mihara and Masuda, 1988 | Mihara and Masuda, 1987 | Wu, Liou, et al., 1987 | Mihara and Enomoto, 1985 | del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
Column type | Capillary | Capillary |
---|---|---|
Active phase | Methyl Silicone | Methyl Silicone |
Column length (m) | 25. | 25. |
Carrier gas | ||
Substrate | ||
Column diameter (mm) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Phase thickness (μm) | ||
Tstart (C) | 50. | 50. |
Tend (C) | 200. | 200. |
Heat rate (K/min) | 4. | 4. |
Initial hold (min) | ||
Final hold (min) | 15. | 15. |
I | 895. | 895. |
Reference | Lorenz, Stern, et al., 1983 | Lorenz, Stern, et al., 1983 |
Comment | MSDC-RI | MSDC-RI |
References
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Miyazawa, Marumoto, et al., 2011
Miyazawa, M.; Marumoto, S.; Kobayashi, T.; Yoshida, S.; Utsumi, Y.,
Determination of characteristic components in essential oils from Wisteria braphybotrys using gas chromatography - olfactometry incremental dilution technique,
Rec. Nat. Prod., 2011, 5, 3, 221-227. [all data]
Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010
Radulovic, N.; Blagojevic, P.; Palic, R.,
Comparative study of the leaf volatiles of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. (Ericaceae),
Molecules, 2010, 15, 9, 6168-6185, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15096168
. [all data]
Du, Clery, et al., 2008
Du, Z.; Clery, R.; Hammond, C.J.,
Volatile organic nitrogen-containing constituents in ambrette seed Abelmoschus moschatus Medik (Malvaceae),
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2008, 56, 16, 7388-7392, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf800958d
. [all data]
Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 2008
Risticevic, S.; Carasek, E.; Pawliszyn, J.,
Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatographic-time-of-flight mass spectrometric methodology for geographical origin verification of coffee,
Anal. Chim. Acta, 2008, 617, 1-2, 72-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.04.009
. [all data]
Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006
Fadel, H.H.M.; Mageed, M.A.A.; Lotfy, S.N.,
Quality and flavour stability of coffee substitute prepared by extrusion of wheat germ and chicory roots,
Amino Acids, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1007/s007260200008
. [all data]
Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006, 2
Fadel, H.H.M.; Mageed, M.A.A.; Samad, A.K.M.E.A.; Lotfy, S.N.,
Cocoa substitute: Evaluation of sensory qualities and flavour stability,
Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2006, 223, 1, 125-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0162-3
. [all data]
Leffingwell and Alford, 2005
Leffingwell, J.C.; Alford, E.D.,
Volatile constituents of Perique tobacco,
Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 4, 2, 899-915. [all data]
van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005
van Loon, W.A.M.; Linssen, J.P.H.; Legger, A.; Posthumus, M.A.; Voragen, A.G.J.,
Identification and olfactometry of French fries flavour extracted at mouth conditions,
Food Chem., 2005, 90, 3, 417-425, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.05.005
. [all data]
Tellez, Khan, et al., 2004
Tellez, M.R.; Khan, I.A.; Schaneberg, B.T.; Crockett, S.L.; Rimando, A.M.; Kobaisy, M.,
Steam distillation-solid-phase microextraction for the detection of Ephedra sinica in herbal preparations,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, 1025, 1, 51-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(03)01035-5
. [all data]
Chen and Ho, 1999
Chen, J.; Ho, C.-T.,
Comparison of volatile generation in serine/threonine/glutamine-ribose/glucose/fructose model systems,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1999, 47, 2, 643-647, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980771a
. [all data]
Boylston and Viniyard, 1998
Boylston, T.D.; Viniyard, B.T.,
Isolation of volatile flavor compounds from peanut butter using purge-and-trap technique
in Instrumental Methods in Food and Beverage Analysis, D. Wetzel and G. Charalambous, ed(s)., 1998, 225-243. [all data]
Chen and Ho, 1998
Chen, J.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated in serine-monosaccharide model systems,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 4, 1518-1522, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970934f
. [all data]
Chen and Ho, 1998, 2
Chen, J.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds formed from thermal degradation of glucosamine in a dry system,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 5, 1971-1974, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf971021o
. [all data]
Chen, Wang, et al., 1998
Chen, J.; Wang, M.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated from thermal degradation of N-acetylglucosamine,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 8, 3207-3209, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980129g
. [all data]
Tai and Ho, 1998
Tai, C.-Y.; Ho, C.-T.,
Influence of glutathione oxidation and pH on thermal formation of Maillard-type volatile compounds,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 6, 2260-2265, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf971111t
. [all data]
Buttery, Ling, et al., 1997
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C.; Stern, D.J.,
Studies on popcorn aroma and flavor volatiles,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 3, 837-843, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9604807
. [all data]
Lu, Yu, et al., 1997
Lu, G.; Yu, T.-H.; Ho, C.-T.,
Generation of flavor compounds by the reaction of 2-deoxyglucose with selected amino acids,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1997, 45, 1, 233-236, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf960609c
. [all data]
Buttery and Ling, 1995
Buttery, R.G.; Ling, L.C.,
Volatile flavor components of corn tortillas and related products,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 7, 1878-1882, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00055a023
. [all data]
Yu and Ho, 1995
Yu, T.-H.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated from thermal reaction of methionine and methionine sulfoxide with or without glucose,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 6, 1641-1646, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00054a043
. [all data]
Yu, Wu, et al., 1994
Yu, T.-H.; Wu, C.-M.; Ho, C.-T.,
Meat-like flavor generated from thermal interactions of glucose and alliin or deoxyalliin,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1994, 42, 4, 1005-1009, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00040a032
. [all data]
Yu, Wu, et al., 1994, 2
Yu, T.-H.; Wu, C.-M.; Ho, C.-T.,
Volatile compounds generated from the thermal interaction of glucose and alliin or deoxyalliin in propylene glycol,
Food Chem., 1994, 51, 3, 281-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(94)90028-0
. [all data]
Egolf and Jurs, 1993
Egolf, L.M.; Jurs, P.C.,
Quantitative structure-retention and structure-odor intensity relationships for a diverse group of odor-active compounds,
Anal. Chem., 1993, 65, 21, 3119-3126, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00069a027
. [all data]
Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991
Misharina, T.A.; Golovnya, R.V.; Charnomskii, V.V.,
Volatile components of boiled shrimp funchalia woodwardi and crab geryon maritae,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1991, 46, 1421-1429. [all data]
Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989
Flath, R.A.; Matsumoto, K.E.; Binder, R.G.; Cunningham, R.T.; Mon, T.R.,
Effect of pH on the volatiles of hydrolyzed protein insect baits,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 3, 814-819, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00087a053
. [all data]
Mihara and Masuda, 1988
Mihara, S.; Masuda, H.,
Structure-odor relationships for disubstituted pyrazines,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1988, 36, 6, 1242-1247, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00084a029
. [all data]
Mihara and Masuda, 1987
Mihara, S.; Masuda, H.,
Correlation between molecular structures and retention indices of pyrazines,
J. Chromatogr., 1987, 402, 309-317, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(87)80029-8
. [all data]
Wu, Liou, et al., 1987
Wu, C.-M.; Liou, S.-E.; Chang, Y.-H.; Chiang, W.,
Volatile compounds of the wax gourd (Benincasa hispida, Cogn) and a wax gourd beverage,
J. Food Sci., 1987, 52, 1, 132-134, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb13988.x
. [all data]
Mihara and Enomoto, 1985
Mihara, S.; Enomoto, N.,
Calculation of retention indices of pyrazines on the basis of molecular structure,
J. Chromatogr., 1985, 324, 428-430, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)81342-X
. [all data]
del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984
del Rosario, R.; de Lumen, B.O.; Habu, T.; Flath, R.A.; Mon, T.R.; Teranishi, R.,
Comparison of headspace volatiles from winged beans and soybeans,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1984, 32, 5, 1011-1015, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00125a015
. [all data]
Lorenz, Stern, et al., 1983
Lorenz, G.; Stern, D.J.; Flath, R.A.; Haddon, W.F.; Tillin, S.J.; Teranishi, R.,
Identification of sheep liver volatiles,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1983, 31, 5, 1052-1057, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00119a033
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tend Final temperature Tstart Initial temperature - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.