Heptane, 4-methyl-

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IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
State gas
Instrument HP-GC/MS/IRD

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1990.
NIST MS number 113916

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Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-10140.766.8Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-10160.767.2Chen, Liang, et al., 2001He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane100.767.Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999 
CapillaryOV-1010.766.Skrbic, 1997 
PackedSqualane78.5768.2Zhang and Lu, 1996 
CapillaryCP Sil 260.765.8Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
CapillarySqualane25.766.Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994 
CapillaryOV-160.768.Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989 
CapillaryOV-10140.766.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillaryOV-10160.767.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillaryOV-10180.767.Laub and Purnell, 1988 
CapillarySqualane50.766.9Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillarySqualane70.767.9Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
CapillaryOV-10140.767.5Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10150.767.6Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10160.767.8Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10170.768.0Boneva and Dimov, 1986100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillaryOV-10130.766.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10140.766.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10150.766.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10160.767.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10170.767.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryOV-10180.767.Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 
CapillaryDB-160.768.1Lubeck and Sutton, 1983Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm
CapillaryDB-160.768.1Lubeck and Sutton, 198360. m/0.259 mm/1. μm
CapillaryOV-10150.768.Johansen and Ettre, 1982100. m/0.27 mm/0.20 μm
CapillaryOV-10150.768.Johansen and Ettre, 198255. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm
CapillarySF-9650.767.Johansen and Ettre, 198291.4 m/0.31 mm/0.20 μm
CapillaryOV-160.757.Nijs and Jacobs, 1981He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm
PackedTriacontane80.768.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSqualane80.767.Castello and D'Amato, 1979He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
CapillarySqualane70.767.2Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane70.768.1Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane60.767.Chretien and Dubois, 1976 
CapillarySqualane100.766.Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane100.766.Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane50.767.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.768.Rijks and Cramers, 1974N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryApiezon L100.765.Rappoport and Gäumann, 1973 
CapillarySqualane40.767.Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)35.766.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)45.766.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)50.766.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)58.766.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillaryVacuum Grease Oil (VM-4)68.767.Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 
CapillarySqualane70.767.Dimov and Schopov, 1971Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane100.769.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m
PackedSqualane50.767.5Takács, Szita, et al., 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-3080.769.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane25.767.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
PackedSqualane80.768.Mitra and Saha, 1970N2
CapillarySqualane40.767.Matukuma, 1969N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane27.766.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane49.767.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane67.767.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane86.768.Hively and Hinton, 1968He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSqualane30.767.5Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
PackedSqualane50.767.5Tourres, 1967H2; Column length: 10. m
CapillarySqualane30.767.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane50.768.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane70.768.Tourres, 1967, 2H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
PackedSE-3070.771.Widmer, 1967Diatoport S; Column length: 7.9 m
PackedSE-3070.771.Widmer, 1967Diatoport S; Column length: 7.9 m
PackedSqualane100.769.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane40.767.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane55.768.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane60.768.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane70.768.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m
PackedSqualane80.768.Evans, 1966Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-54764.Rembold, Wallner, et al., 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 0. C @ 12. min, 12. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryOV-101762.Hayes and Pitzer, 1982110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryApiezon L763.Louis, 1971N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH-100765.6Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
CapillaryDB-1770.Hoekman, 199360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M130.764.Widmer, 1967Diatoport P; Column length: 7.9 m
PackedCarbowax 20M70.768.Widmer, 1967Diatoport P; Column length: 7.9 m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH768.4Censullo, Jones, et al., 200350. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillarySPB-1762.88LECO Corporation, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min
CapillarySPB-1763.26LECO Corporation, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-1760.4Sun and Stremple, 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 325. C
CapillaryDB-5764.6Xu, van Stee, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101765.6Yin, Liu, et al., 2001N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C
CapillaryPONA762.5Martos, Saraullo, et al., 199750. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
CapillaryPONA762.5Martos, Saraullo, et al., 199750. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH763.78Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH763.91Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryUltra-1767.Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 19924. K/min; Tstart: -40. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH764.38White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH764.57White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH765.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-1767.7Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 10. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-1766.8Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryHP-1768.5Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987N2, 30. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
CapillaryUltra-1767.75Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-1768.05Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-1768.28Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-2767.16Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-2767.53Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-2767.77Haynes and Pitzer, 198550. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryOV-101762.Hayes and Pitzer, 1981108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone777.73Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 199950. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min)
CapillaryOV-101756.Wu and Lu, 1984Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone50.767.N/AN2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10150.767.Wu and Lu, 1984, 2 
CapillaryOV-10170.768.Wu and Lu, 1984, 2 
CapillarySqualane100.768.Dimov N., 1976 
CapillarySqualane70.768.Dimov N., 1976 
CapillarySqualane86.759.Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB768.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryPetrocol DH767.Supelco, 2012100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryPONA768.Zhang, Ding, et al., 200950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryOV-1765.9Krkosova, Kubinec, et al., 2007100. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 30. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH765.Sojak, Kubinec, et al., 2006150. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillarySE-54770.Guan, Li, et al., 199560. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-1769.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-5767.Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 199160. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C
PackedApiezon L762.Dahlmann, Köser, et al., 1979Chromosorb G-AW-DMCS, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 25. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryMethyl Silicone768.Chen and Feng, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone767.Feng and Mu, 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone769.Blunden, Aneja, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min)
CapillaryOV-101767.Du and Liang, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane767.Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxanes766.Yin, Guo, et al., 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone765.Spieksma, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54767.Zhu and He, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySE-54768.Zhu and He, 1999Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone768.Xu, Chu, et al., 1995Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1767.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-101766.Skrbic and Cvejanov, 1993Program: not specified
CapillarySqualane764.Petrov, 1984Program: not specified
PackedApieson L770.Kojima, Fujii, et al., 1980Chromosorb W; Column length: 20. m; Program: not specified
PackedSE-30770.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold)
PackedSqualane775.Robinson and Odell, 1971N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold)
PackedSqualane775.Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min(5min) => 4C/min(15min) => (hold at 95C)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax790.Kim. J.H., Ahn, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 200 0C

References

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chen, Liang, et al., 2001
Chen, J.P.; Liang, X.M.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, L.F., Prediction of GC retention values under various column temperature conditions from temperature programmed data, Chromatographia, 2001, 53, 9/10, 539-547, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02491619 . [all data]

Heinzen, Soares, et al., 1999
Heinzen, V.E.F.; Soares, M.F.; Yunes, R.A., Semi-empirical topological method for the prediction of the chromatographic retention of cis- and trans-alkene isomers and alkanes, J. Chromatogr. A, 1999, 849, 2, 495-506, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00530-0 . [all data]

Skrbic, 1997
Skrbic, B.D., Unified retention concept -- statistical treatment of Kováts retention index, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 764, 2, 257-264, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00955-7 . [all data]

Zhang and Lu, 1996
Zhang, X.; Lu, P., Unified equation between Kováts indices on different stationary phases for select types of compounds, J. Chromatogr. A, 1996, 731, 1-2, 187-199, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)01213-3 . [all data]

Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995
Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche, The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1995, 18, 7, 403-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240180703 . [all data]

Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994
Hilal, S.H.; Carreira, L.A.; Karickhoff, S.W.; Melton, C.M., Estimation of Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Retention Times from Molecular Structure, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 662, 2, 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80515-6 . [all data]

Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989
Engewald, W.; Maurer, T.; Schiefke, A., Investigation of isomeric hydrocarbons by gas-solid chromatography on graphitized thermal carbon black, Pure Appl. Chem., 1989, 61, 11, 2001-2004, https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961112001 . [all data]

Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H., Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908 . [all data]

Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L., Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]

Boneva and Dimov, 1986
Boneva, S.; Dimov, N., Unified retention index of hydrocarbons separated on dimethylsilicone OV-101, Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 12, 697-700, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02313682 . [all data]

Chien, Furio, et al., 1983
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J., Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-101 and SP-2100 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 10, 577-580, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061013 . [all data]

Lubeck and Sutton, 1983
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060612 . [all data]

Johansen and Ettre, 1982
Johansen, N.G.; Ettre, L.S., Retention index values of hydrocarbons on open-tubular columns coated with methylsilicone liquid phases, Chromatographia, 1982, 15, 10, 625-630, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02279488 . [all data]

Nijs and Jacobs, 1981
Nijs, H.H.; Jacobs, P.A., On-Line Single Run Analysis of Effluents from a Fischer-Tropsch Reactor, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1981, 19, 1, 40-45, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/19.1.40 . [all data]

Castello and D'Amato, 1979
Castello, G.; D'Amato, G., Use of Linear and Branched-Chain Paraffinic Liquid Phases as Non-Polar Reference Materials in Gas Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1979, 175, 1, 27-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86400-6 . [all data]

Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979
Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V., The use of retention indices for identifying the components of crude benzene, Solid Fuel Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1979, 13, 3, 82-87. [all data]

Chretien and Dubois, 1976
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E., New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1 . [all data]

Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N., Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. [all data]

Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A., High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons, Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819 . [all data]

Rappoport and Gäumann, 1973
Rappoport, S.; Gäumann, T., 114. L'indice de rétention des alcanes isomères en chromatographie en phase gazeuse, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1973, 56, 3, 1145-1158, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19730560338 . [all data]

Schomburg and Dielmann, 1973
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Notes

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