Ledol

Formula: C₁₅H₂₆O
Molecular weight: 222.3663
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C15H26O/c1-9-5-6-10-12(9)13-11(14(13,2)3)7-8-15(10,4)16/h9-13,16H,5-8H2,1-4H3/t9-,10?,11?,12?,13?,15-/m1/s1
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: AYXPYQRXGNDJFU-XJMMWPIVSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 577-27-5
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
Stereoisomers:
Other names: 1H-Cycloprop[e]azulen-4-ol, decahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-, [1ar-(1aα,4α,4aβ,7α,7aβ,7bα)]-; 1H-Cycloprop[e]azulen-4-ol, decahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-, (1ar,4R,4as,7R,7as,7bs)-; (+)-Ledol; d-Ledol; 1H-Cycloprop[e]azulen-4-ol, decahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-, [1ar-(1aα,4α,4aβ,7β,7aβ,7bα)]-; (1aS,4S,4aR,7S,7aR,7bR)-1,1,4,7-Tetramethyldecahydro-1H-cyclopropa[e]azulen-4-ol
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
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Gas Chromatography

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1599.	Tayoub, Schwob, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1599.	Tayoub, Schwob, et al., 2006, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 50. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1573.	Asuming, Beauchamp, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1560.	Siani, Garrido, et al., 2004	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1569.	Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	El-Ghorab, Fadel, et al., 2002	25. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	SPB-1	1542.	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 225. C @ 5. min
Capillary	SE-30	1546.	Kardali, Velasco-Negueruela, et al., 2000	25. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	BP-5	1605.	Weissbecker B., Van Loon J.J.A., et al., 2000	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-5	1551.	Senatore and de Feo, 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.33 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	1561.	Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1551.	de Feo, Porta, et al., 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-1	1586.	Fiorini, Fourasté, et al., 1997	He, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-5	1551.	Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	SE-30	1584.	Jantan, Ali, et al., 1995	N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 1. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm
Capillary	DB-5	1563.	Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995	40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 120. min; Column length: 30. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5MS	1580.	Tuberoso, Kowalczyk, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(5min) => 2C/min => 140C= 5C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	DB-5	1549.	Araújo, Silveira, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C => 4C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 280C
Capillary	HP-5	1564.	Frizzo, Serafini, et al., 2001	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60 0C (8 min) 3 K/min -> 180 0C 20 K/min (20 min)
Capillary	DB-5	1549.	Roscigno, 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C (60min) => 2C/min => 270C => 1C/min => 290C

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2043.	Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 260. C @ 15. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP-Sil PONA GB	1597.	Cunicao, Lopes, et al., 2007	100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 140. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Martins, Santos, et al., 2007	30. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1561.	Melo, Corrêa, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min; T_start: 80. C
Capillary	DB-5	1564.	Silva, Barbosa, et al., 2007	30. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 55. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 15. min
Capillary	HP-5	1567.	Javidnia K., Miri R., et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 260. C
Capillary	HP-5	1547.	Liu J.M., Nan P., et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SPB-1	1582.	Salgueiro L.R., Pinto E., et al., 2006	30. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1562.	Silva-Brandão, Solferini, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1569.	Su, Ho, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-1	1551.	de Feo, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 20. min
Capillary	RTX-1	1588.	Paolini, Costa, et al., 2005	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-5	1566.	Javidnia, Miri, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 260. C
Capillary	DB-1	1600.	Ramezani, Behravan, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2.5 K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 265. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1597.	Cavalli, Tomi, et al., 2003	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 45. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1586.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 60. C @ 6. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1586.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
Capillary	DB-5	1569.	Nogueira, Bittrich, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1565.	Skaltsa, Mavrommati, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Maia, de Paula, et al., 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	OV-101	1564.	Menut, Bessiere, et al., 2000	N2, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	HP-1	1585.	Stashenko, Cervantes, et al., 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2.5 K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1598.	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1999	He, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 260. C
Capillary	BP-1	1587.	Mariotti, Costa, et al., 1997	50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	BP-1	1591.	Mariotti, Tomi, et al., 1997	50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1608.	Sagrero-Nieves, Bartley, et al., 1997	30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 225. C @ 20. min; T_start: 50. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CBP-5	1570.	Silva, Oliveira, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C => 3C/min => 246C => 10C/min => 270C (5min)
Capillary	BPX-5	1593.	Cardeal, da Silva, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(5min) => 3C/min => 210C => 40C/min => 240C (4min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2035.	Aromdee and Sriubolmas, 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2024.	Salgueiro L.R., Pinto E., et al., 2006	30. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	RTX-Wax	1997.	Paolini, Costa, et al., 2005	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2035.	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 32. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	RTX-Wax	2016.	Cavalli, Tomi, et al., 2003	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 45. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2062.	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2000	60. m/0.50 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	2014.	Chagonda, Makanda, et al., 2000	25. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2032.	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1999	He, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	SP-1000	2062.	Brophy, Forster, et al., 1998	He, 3. K/min; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	BP-20	2021.	Mariotti, Costa, et al., 1997	50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	BP-20	2026.	Mariotti, Tomi, et al., 1997	50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2060.	Sagrero-Nieves, Bartley, et al., 1997	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 225. C @ 20. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2030.	Granicher, Christen, et al., 1995	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2030.	Bisio, Ciarallo, et al., 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(8min) => 3C/min => 180C(5min) => 40C/min => 250C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1571.	Sardashti, Valizadeh, et al., 2013	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1565.	Xu, Han, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 2. min, 15. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1616.	Zouari, Ayadi, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 1. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1562.	Hammami, Kamoun, et al., 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	HP-5	1607.	Monsef-Esfahani, Miri, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-5	1574.	de Souza, Lopes, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	1567.	Xu, Tang, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 2. min
Capillary	DB-5	1552.	El-Massry, El-Ghorab, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 40. min; T_start: 35. C
Capillary	DB-5	1569.	Ho, Wang, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1593.	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1600.	Museli, Pau, et al., 2009	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1574.	de Souza, Lopes, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1565.	Xu, Han, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 15. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-5 MS	1563.	Noudogbessi, Yedomonhan, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 5. min
Capillary	RTX-1	1588.	Paolini, Tomi, et al., 2008	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1560.	Bos, Woerdenbag, et al., 2007	30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1563.	Bozin B., Mlmica-Dukic N., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	1560.	Elfami, Bos, et al., 2007	30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	DB-5	1564.	El-Ghorab A., El-Massry K.F., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 40. min; T_start: 35. C
Capillary	HP-1	1601.	Hachicha, Skanji, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 240. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1554.	Limberger, Scopel, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1539.	Moreno, Lima, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	SPB-1	1582.	Pinto, Salgueiro, et al., 2007	30. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	SPB-5	1559.	Raal, Orav, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1561.	Apel, Sobral, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	AT-5	1568.	Borges, Rojas, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	BP-1	1600.	Boti, Yao, et al., 2006	50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1563.	Bozin, Mimicá-Dukic, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-1	1593.	Chen, Sheu, et al., 2006	Nitrogen, 40. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 9. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-5	1560.	Elfami, Komar, et al., 2006	30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	HP-5	1569.	Figuérédo, Cabassu, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-1	1586.	Filippi, Lanfranchi, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 40. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	NB-30	1604.	Orav, Raal, et al., 2006	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1605.	Trilles, Bombarda, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-5	1555.	Limberger, Sobral, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1598.	Ogunwande, Olawore, et al., 2005	25. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-1	1570.	Pala-Paul, Perez-Alonso, et al., 2005	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 95. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1565.	Sajjadi S.E. and Eskandari B., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	1562.	Simoes-Pires C.A., Debenedetti S., et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1562.	Simoes-Pires C.A., Debenedetti S., et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1562.	Simoes-Pires C.A., Debenedetti S., et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1547.	Tzakou and Constantinidis, 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	1559.	Abreu, Reis, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1601.	Kalemba and Thiem, 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1554.	Lago, de Ávila, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1560.	Limberger, Sobral, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1565.	Mimica-Dukic, Bozin, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	NB-30	1600.	Orav, Stulova, et al., 2004	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	NB-30	1600.	Orav, Stulova, et al., 2004	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	NB-30	1598.	Raal, Paaver, et al., 2004	50. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1565.	Rojas, Usubillaga, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1565.	Royas, Usubillaga, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-1	1550.	Senatore, Napolitano, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.33 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1540.	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2003	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	RSL-200	1592.	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2003	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1561.	Limberger, Simões-Pires, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	1567.	Stashenko, Jaramillo, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 15. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Farah, Fechtal, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Kobaisy, Tellez, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5	1566.	Lago, Reis, et al., 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 100. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	1550.	Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-1	1539.	Palá-Paúl, Pérez-Alonso, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	OV-101	1562.	Ayedoun, Adéoti, et al., 1999	N2, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1601.	Kalemba, 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	OV-101	1597.	Menon, Chacko, et al., 1999	N2, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 80. C
Capillary	OV-1	1560.	Kökdil, Kurucu, et al., 1998	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-1	1585.	Stashenko, Cervantes, et al., 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1575.	Bos, Woerdenbag, et al., 1997	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1575.	Bos, Woerdenbag, et al., 1997	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1575.	Bos, Woerdenbag, et al., 1997, 2	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-1	1580.	Salgueiro, Vila, et al., 1997	6. K/min; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	1568.	Tellez, Estell, et al., 1997	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	CBP-1	1595.	Zygadlo, Ariza-Espinar, et al., 1997	He, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-1	1585.	Thanh, Dung, et al., 1996	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
Capillary	OV-1	1596.	Ramanoelina, Viano, et al., 1994	50. m/0.27 mm/0.2 μm, N2, 3. K/min; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	1594.	Velasco-Negueruela, Pérez Alonso, et al., 1991	N2, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-1	1590.	Binder and Flath, 1989	50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	BP-1	1604.	Brophy, Davies, et al., 1989	H2, 40. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; T_end: 250. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	VF-5	1608.	Shivashankar, Roy, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Nezhadali and Parsa, 2010	30. m/0.20 mm/0.32 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (1 min) 3 0C/min -> 140 0C 50 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
Capillary	DB-1	1551.	Xu, Tang, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	RTX-5	1572.	Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 60 0C 95 min) 110 0C 3 0C/min -> 200 0C 5 0C/min -> 220 0C 95 min)
Capillary	RTX-5	1565.	Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5 MS	1565.	Mancini, Arnold, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 270 0C -> 260 0C (20 min)
Capillary	DB-5	1595.	Gazim, Rezende, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C 1 0C/min -> 60 0C 3 0C/min -> 170 0C 8 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 280 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-5	1565.	Gazim, Rezende, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	1580.	Nogueira, Marcelo-Curto, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 300C (10min)
Capillary	DB-1	1580.	Kamatou, Viljoen, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 175 0C 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (10 min)
Capillary	DB-1	1580.	Rodrigues, Antunes, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 300C(10min)
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1569.	Judzentiene and Buzelyte, 2006	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 5C/min => 160C(1min) => 10C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	HP-5MS	1565.	Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C (15min) => 10C/min => 270C
Capillary	DB-5	1587.	Hamm, Bleton, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 9C/min => 130C => 2C/min => 230C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1588.	Novak, Draxler, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(5min) => 3C/min => 90C => 10C/min => 280C
Capillary	OV-1	1579.	El-Shazly and Hussein, 2004	He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.317 mm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 90C => 10C/min => 300C(10min)
Capillary	DB-1	1580.	Miguel, Simões, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 300C (10min)
Capillary	HP-5	1565.	Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C(15min) => 10C/min => 270C
Capillary	SE-30	1582.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-54	1565.	Lima, Veiga, et al., 2003	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 110C(2min) => 3C/min => 130C => 8.5C => 290C
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	1583.	Mockute, Bernotiene, et al., 2003	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60C(1min) => 3C/min => 70C => 15C/min => 170C(8min) => 5C/min => 250C
Capillary	DB-5	1551.	Ferreira, Costantin, et al., 2001	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	1580.	Figueiredo, Miguel, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 45 0C 3 K/min -> 175 0C 15 K/min -> 300 0C (10 min)
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1593.	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1998	He; Column length: 25. m; Phase thickness: 0.39 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxanes	1581.	Zenkevich, 1997	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	1590.	Binder and Flath, 1989	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2030.	Karlsson, Birgersson, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen, 30. C @ 5. min, 8. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	RTX-Wax	1997.	Paolini, Tomi, et al., 2008	60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 35. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2007.	Hachicha, Skanji, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 240. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	2064.	Hymete, Rohloff, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 2. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2025.	Limberger, Scopel, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2024.	Pinto, Salgueiro, et al., 2007	30. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2060.	Raal, Orav, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	BP-20	2030.	Boti, Yao, et al., 2006	50. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2021.	Wong, Lim, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2022.	Choi, 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 70. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	2028.	Jiang and Kubota, 2004	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2028.	Jiang and Kubota, 2004	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	2025.	Lago, de Ávila, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	Innowax FSC	2057.	Lourens, Reddy, et al., 2004	Helium, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2026.	Christoph, 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 45. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2028.	Paniandy, Chane-Ming, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	BP-20	2060.	Dunlop, Bignell, et al., 1999	25. m/0.33 mm/0.5 μm, 5. K/min; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	HP Innowax FSP	2057.	Kaya, Baser, et al., 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Carbowax	2060.	Menon, Chacko, et al., 1999	N2, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 80. C
Capillary	FFAP	2057.	Brophy, Davies, et al., 1989	50. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min; Column length: 50. m; T_end: 180. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP Innowax	2057.	Noorizadeh and Farmany, 2010	60. m/0.25 mm/0.33 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP Innowax	2057.	Mancini, Arnold, et al., 2009	50. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 2 0C/min -> 270 0C -> 260 0C (20 min)
Capillary	Innowax FSC	2057.	Kaya, Benirci, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2057.	Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 250C (15min) => 10C/min => 270C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	2057.	Suleimenov Y.M., Atazhanova G.A., et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	2057.	Demirci, Demirci, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2057.	Senatore, Apostolides Arnold, et al., 2004	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	2057.	Demirci, Baser, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C (10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2057.	Baser, Demirci, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 4 K/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 K/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	2057.	Baser, Demirci, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 10 K/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1K/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	Innowax FSC	2057.	Kirimer, Tabanca, et al., 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	Innowax	2057.	Baser, Kürkcüoglu, et al., 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	FFAP	2026.	Reddy, Angers, et al., 1998	25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 4C/min => 170C => 8C/min => 240C (12min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	2051.	Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1998	N2; Column length: 60. m; Phase thickness: 0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	NB-351	2044.	Kerrola, Galambosi, et al., 1994	25. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm; Program: 40C(5min) => 4C/min => 170C => 8C/min => 240C (12min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	2028.	Binder and Flath, 1989	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Tayoub, Schwob, et al., 2006
Tayoub, G.; Schwob, I.; Bessiere, J.-M.; Masotti, V.; Rabier, J.; Ruzzier, M.; Viano, J., Composition of volatile oils of Styrax (Styrax officinalis L.) leaves at different phenological stages, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2006, 34, 9, 705-709, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2006.05.008 . [all data]

Tayoub, Schwob, et al., 2006, 2
Tayoub, G.; Schwob, I.; Bessière, J.-M.; Rabier, J.; Masotti, V.; J.; M.; Girard, G.; Viano, J., Essential oil composition of leaf, flower and stem of Styrax (Styrax officinalis L.) from south-eastern France, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 5, 809-812, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1731 . [all data]

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Asuming, W.A.; Beauchamp, P.S.; Descalzo, J.T.; Dev, B.C.; Dev, V.; Frost, S.; Ma, C.W., Essential oil composition of four Lomatium Raf. species and their chemotaxonomy, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2005, 33, 1, 17-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2004.06.005 . [all data]

Avato, Raffo, et al., 2004
Avato, P.; Raffo, F.; Aldouri, N.A.; Vartanian, S.T., Essential oils of varthemia iphionoides from Jordan, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 6, 559-561, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1351 . [all data]

Siani, Garrido, et al., 2004
Siani, A.C.; Garrido, I.S.; Monteiro, S.S.; Carvalho, E.S.; Ramos, M.F.S., Protium icicariba as a source of volatile essences, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2004, 32, 5, 477-489, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2003.11.003 . [all data]

Amparo Blázquez, Pérez, et al., 2003
Amparo Blázquez, M.; Pérez, I.; Boira, H., Essential oil analysis of Teucrium libanitis and T. turredanum by GC and GC-MS, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 497-501, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1256 . [all data]

El-Ghorab, Fadel, et al., 2002
El-Ghorab, A.H.; Fadel, H.M.; El-Massry, K.F., The Egyptian Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. brevirostris: chemical compositions of the fruit volatile oil and antioxidant activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 4, 306-312, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1085 . [all data]

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Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.; Sakariah, K.K., Chemical composition of volatile oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum buds, Z. Naturforsch. C:, 2002, 57c, 990-993, retrieved from http://www.znaturforsch.com/57c/s57c0990.pdf. [all data]

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Kardali, M.; Velasco-Negueruela, A.; Pérez-Alonso, M., Essential Oil Constituents of Sideritis ibanyezii Pau, Botanica Complutensis, 2000, 24, 101-106. [all data]

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Senatore, F.; de Feo, V., Chemical composition of the essential oil from Tagetes mandonii Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae), Flavour Fragr. J., 1999, 14, 1, 32-34, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199901/02)14:1<32::AID-FFJ772>3.0.CO;2-7 . [all data]

Siani, Ramos, et al., 1999
Siani, A.C.; Ramos, M.F.S.; Menezes-de-Lima, O., Jr.; Ribeiro-dos-Santos, R.; Fernadez-Ferreira, E.; Soares, R.O.A.; Rosas, E.C.; Susunaga, G.S.; Guimarães, A.C.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Henriques, M.G.M.O., Evaluation of anti-inflammatory-related activity of essential oils from the leaves and resin of species of Protium, J. Ethnopharmacol., 1999, 66, 1, 57-69, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(98)00148-2 . [all data]

de Feo, Porta, et al., 1998
de Feo, V.; Porta, G.D.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Senatore, F., Composition of the essential oil of Tagetes filifolia Lag., Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 3, 145-147, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199805/06)13:3<145::AID-FFJ707>3.0.CO;2-Q . [all data]

Fiorini, Fourasté, et al., 1997
Fiorini, C.; Fourasté, I.; David, B.; Bessière, J.M., Composition of the flower, leaf, and stem essential oils from Laurus nobilis L., Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 2, 91-93, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199703)12:2<91::AID-FFJ623>3.0.CO;2-3 . [all data]

Senatore, Urrunaga Soria, et al., 1997
Senatore, F.; Urrunaga Soria, E.; Urrunaga Soria, R.; Porta, G.D.; Taddeo, R.; de Feo, V., Essential oil of Eremocharis triradiata (Wolff.) Johnston (Apiaceae) growing wild in Perú, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 4, 257-259, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199707)12:4<257::AID-FFJ645>3.0.CO;2-4 . [all data]

Jantan, Ali, et al., 1995
Jantan, I.; Ali, N.A.M.; Ahmad, A.S.; Ahmad, A.R., Constituents of the essential oil of Leptospermum javanicum blume from peninsular Malaysia, Flavour Fragr. J., 1995, 10, 4, 255-258, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.2730100406 . [all data]

Loayza, Abujder, et al., 1995
Loayza, I.; Abujder, D.; Aranda, R.; Jakupovic, J.; Collin, G.; Deslauriers, H.; Jean, F.-I., Essential oils of Baccharis salicifolia, B. latifolia and B. dracunculifolia, Phytochemistry, 1995, 38, 2, 381-389, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(94)00628-7 . [all data]

Tuberoso, Kowalczyk, et al., 2005
Tuberoso, C.I.G.; Kowalczyk, A.; Coroneo, V.; Russo, M.T.; Dessì, S.; Cabras, P., Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oil of Achillea ligustica All., J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 26, 10148-10153, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0518913 . [all data]

Araújo, Silveira, et al., 2003
Araújo, E.C.C.; Silveira, E.R.; Lima, M.A.S.; Neto, M.A.; de Andrade, I.L.; Lima, M.A.A.; Santiago, G.M.P.; Mesquita, A.L.M., Insecticidal activity and chemical composition of volatile oils from Hyptis martiusii Benth, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 13, 3760-3762, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf021074s . [all data]

Frizzo, Serafini, et al., 2001
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Notes

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Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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