Glycerin
- Formula: C3H8O3
- Molecular weight: 92.0938
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 56-81-5
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Glycerol; Glycerine; Glyceritol; Glycyl alcohol; Glyrol; Glysanin; Osmoglyn; Propanetriol; Trihydroxypropane; Synthetic glycerin; 90 Technical glycerin; Dagralax; Glycerin, anhydrous; Glycerin, synthetic; Ophthalgan; Synthetic glycerine; Vitrosupos; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane; 90 Technical glycerine; Clyzerin, wasserfrei; Grocolene; MOON; Star; Optim; Bulbold; Cristal; Emery 912; Incorporation factor; Pricerine 9091; Propane-1,2,3-triol; Emery 916; IFP; NSC 9230; Auralgan (Salt/Mix); Collyrium Fresh-Eye Drops (Salt/Mix)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°gas | -577.9 ± 1.1 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988 | Uc=-1653.1±0.4 kJ/mol; ALS |
| ΔfH°gas | -576.9 | kJ/mol | N/A | Parks, West, et al., 1946 | Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of -668.6±0.4 kj/mol from Parks, West, et al., 1946 and ΔvapH° value of 91.7 kj/mol from Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988.; DRB |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
+
=
+
By formula: C3H8O3 + HNO3 = C3H7NO5 + H2O
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -19. ± 2. | kJ/mol | Eqk | Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990 | liquid phase; Heat of Nitration; ALS |
| ΔrH° | -10.0 | kJ/mol | Cm | Tsvetkov, Sopin, et al., 1986 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C3H9O3+ + C3H8O3 = (C3H9O3+ • C3H8O3)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 57.3 | 500. | PHPMS | Sunner, Kulatunga, et al., 1986 | gas phase; M |
+
=
+
By formula: C3H8O3 + HNO3 = C3H7NO5 + H2O
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -10. ± 3. | kJ/mol | Eqk | Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990 | liquid phase; Heat of nitration; ALS |
+ 3
=
+ 3
By formula: C3H8O3 + 3HNO3 = C3H5N3O9 + 3H2O
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -36. ± 2. | kJ/mol | Cm | Kazakov, Lagodzinskaya, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; ALS |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proton affinity (review) | 874.8 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| Gas basicity | 820. | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Proton affinity at 298K
| Proton affinity (kJ/mol) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| >840.7 | Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003 | MM |
| >835.8 | Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003 | MM |
| >848.6 ± 1.2 | Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003 | MM |
Gas basicity at 298K
| Gas basicity (review) (kJ/mol) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| 810.2 | Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003 | MM |
| 805.5 | Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003 | MM |
| 818.9 ± 0.5 | Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003 | MM |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988
Bastos, M.; Nilsson, S-O.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.D.M.C.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.A.V.; Wadso, I.,
Thermodynamic properties of glycerol enthalpies of combustion and vaporization and the heat capacity at 298.15 K. Enthalpies of solution in water at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 1353-1359. [all data]
Parks, West, et al., 1946
Parks, G.S.; West, T.J.; Naylor, B.F.; Fujii, P.S.; McClaine, L.A.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XXIII. Modern combustion data for fourteen hydrocarbons and five polyhydroxy alcohols,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2524-2527. [all data]
Kazakov, Kirpichev, et al., 1990
Kazakov, A.I.; Kirpichev, E.P.; Lagodzinskaya, G.V.; Andrienko, L.P.; Yunda, N.G.; Korolev, A.M.; Rubstov, Yu.I.; Manelis, G.B.; Eremenko, L.T.,
Study of nitration equilibrium in the glycerin-aqueous nitric acid system. 2. Changes in ΔH and ΔS in the nitration reaction,
Bull. Acad. Sci. USSR, Div. Chem. Sci., 1990, 1565-1570. [all data]
Tsvetkov, Sopin, et al., 1986
Tsvetkov, V.G.; Sopin, V.P.; Tsvetkova, L.Ya.; Marchenko, G.N.,
Enthalpy of reaction of nitric acid with some organic compounds,
J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1986, 56, 471-474. [all data]
Sunner, Kulatunga, et al., 1986
Sunner, J.A.; Kulatunga, R.; Kebarle, P.,
Fast Atom Bombardment Mass Spectrometry and Gas Phase Basicities,
Anal. Chem., 1986, 58, 7, 1312, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00298a010
. [all data]
Kazakov, Lagodzinskaya, et al., 1989
Kazakov, A.I.; Lagodzinskaya, E.P.; Kirpichev, E.P.; Andrienko, L.P.; Yunda, N.G.; Korolev, A.M.; Robtsov, Yu.I.; Manelis, G.V.; Eremenko, L.T.,
Thermodynamics of nitration of glycerol,
Dokl. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1989, 305, 287-291. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Bouchoux, Buisson, et al., 2003
Bouchoux, G.; Buisson, D.A.; Bourcier, S.; Sablier, M.,
Application of the kinetic method to bifunctional bases. ESI tandem quadrupole experiments,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2003, 228, 1035. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
T Temperature ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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