2-Butene, 2,3-dimethyl-
- Formula: C6H12
- Molecular weight: 84.1595
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 563-79-1
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Tetramethylethylene; 1,1,2,2-Tetramethylethylene; 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene; 2,3-Dimethylbut-2-ene; 2,3-Dimethylbutene-2; (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2; Tetramethylethene
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -70.3 ± 1.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Wiberg and Hao, 1991 | Heat of hydration; ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -68.4 ± 1.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Rodgers and Wu, 1971 | Heat of isomerization; ALS |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
135.31 ± 0.27 | 334.20 | Scott D.W., 1955 | GT |
142.00 ± 0.28 | 355.25 | ||
154.64 ± 0.31 | 393.20 | ||
167.65 ± 0.34 | 433.20 | ||
180.33 ± 0.36 | 473.20 |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
115.94 | 273.15 | Scott D.W., 1955 | Recommended results of statistical thermodynamics calculation are in good agreement with experimental data.; GT |
123.60 | 298.15 | ||
124.18 | 300. | ||
156.82 | 400. | ||
188.45 | 500. | ||
216.65 | 600. | ||
241.29 | 700. | ||
262.67 | 800. | ||
281.37 | 900. | ||
297.65 | 1000. | ||
311.92 | 1100. | ||
324.30 | 1200. | ||
335.05 | 1300. | ||
344.47 | 1400. | ||
352.75 | 1500. |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | -102.9 ± 1.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Wiberg and Hao, 1991 | Heat of hydration; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°liquid | 270.20 | J/mol*K | N/A | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | DH |
S°liquid | 272.4 | J/mol*K | N/A | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 58.45 J/mol*K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
174.68 | 298.15 | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | T = 10 to 320 K.; DH |
175.73 | 295.5 | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | T = 83 to 296 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 346.3 ± 0.4 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 28 out of 30 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 198.8 ± 0.3 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 13 out of 15 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 198.92 | K | N/A | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955, 2 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 198.900 | K | N/A | Waddington, 1951 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 198.920 | K | N/A | Waddington, 1951 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 198.5 | K | N/A | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 524. | K | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 32.67 | kJ/mol | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
ΔvapH° | 32.5 | kJ/mol | N/A | Reid, 1972 | AC |
ΔvapH° | 32.6 | kJ/mol | V | Camin and Rossini, 1956 | ALS |
ΔvapH° | 32.6 | kJ/mol | N/A | Camin and Rossini, 1956, 2 | Based on data from 289. to 347. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
29.64 | 346.4 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
32.1 | 328. | N/A | Uusi-Kyyny, Pokki, et al., 2004 | Based on data from 313. to 346. K.; AC |
33.1 | 297. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 282. to 348. K. See also Bevan, Malkin, et al., 1955.; AC |
32.7 | 304. | N/A | Fried, Baghdoyan, et al., 1971 | Based on data from 289. to 347. K.; AC |
32.9 ± 0.1 | 292. | C | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | AC |
32.0 ± 0.1 | 308. | C | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | AC |
30.9 ± 0.1 | 326. | C | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | AC |
29.7 ± 0.1 | 346. | C | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH =
A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kJ/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A (kJ/mol) | β | Tc (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
292. to 346. | 48.29 | 0.2801 | 524. | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
289.48 to 347.00 | 3.70468 | 1021.564 | -70.242 | Baghdoyan, Malik, et al., 1971 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
302.18 to 346.36 | 4.09587 | 1224.926 | -46.812 | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
6.44 | 198.9 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | AC |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
17.94 | 196.8 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | CAL |
32.39 | 198.9 |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3.531 | 196.82 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | DH |
6.452 | 198.92 | crystaline, I | liquid | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | Enthalpies of transition and fusion calculated from total enthalpy change 196.82 to 198.92 K and assumed Cp of 150 J/mol*K for c,I.; DH |
4.577 | 196.6 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | DH |
5.460 | 198.5 | crystaline, I | liquid | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
17.94 | 196.82 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | DH |
32.44 | 198.92 | crystaline, I | liquid | Scott, Finke, et al., 1955 | Enthalpies; DH |
23.28 | 196.6 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | DH |
27.51 | 198.5 | crystaline, I | liquid | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | DH |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 30. | 630.4 | Soják, Addová, et al., 2002 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.250 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 30. | 624.2 | Soják, Addová, et al., 2002 | He; Column length: 93. m; Column diameter: 0.250 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 25. | 624. | Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 630. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 631. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 80. | 631. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 630.6 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm, N2 |
Capillary | OV-101 | 70. | 631.1 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm, N2 |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 625.3 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 626. | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | SE-30 | 42. | 630. | Rudenko, Mal'tsev, et al., 1985 | Column length: 3. m |
Capillary | DB-1 | 40. | 631. | Lubeck and Sutton, 1984 | 60. m/0.264 mm/0.25 μm, H2 |
Capillary | HP-PONA | 40. | 631. | Lubeck and Sutton, 1984 | 50. m/0.21 mm/0.5 μm, H2 |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 624.8 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 626. | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 80. | 626. | Chrétien and Dubois, 1977 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 625. | Chretien and Dubois, 1976 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 625. | Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 625. | Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 626. | Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 626. | Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 625. | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 626. | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 614. | Matukuma, 1969 | N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 27. | 625. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 49. | 626. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 67. | 627. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 86. | 627. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 625. | Schomburg, 1967 | Ar; Column length: 100. m |
Packed | Squalane | 26. | 612. | Zulaïca and Guiochon, 1966 | Column length: 10. m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 632.0 | Soják, Addová, et al., 2002 | He, 1. K/min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.250 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 624.32 | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 624.38 | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 624. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 624.2 | Sojak, Addova, et al., 2000 | He; Column length: 93. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 50. | 625. | N/A | N2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 625. | Schomburg, 1966 |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-1 | 630. | Ramnas, Ostermark, et al., 1994 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -20. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 627. | Chen and Feng, 2007 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 626. | Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 630. | Zenkevich and Marinichev, 2001 | Program: not specified |
Packed | SE-30 | 649. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold) |
Packed | Squalane | 631. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold) |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Wiberg and Hao, 1991
Wiberg, K.B.; Hao, S.,
Enthalpies of hydration of alkenes. 4. Formation of acyclic tert-alcohols,
J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 5108-5110. [all data]
Rodgers and Wu, 1971
Rodgers, A.S.; Wu, M.-C.R.,
Thermochemistry of the gas-phase iodine catalyzed isomerization: 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene = 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1971, 3, 591-597. [all data]
Scott D.W., 1955
Scott D.W.,
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene: thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid and vapor states,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 4993-4998. [all data]
Scott, Finke, et al., 1955
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Gross, M.E.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Waddington, G.,
2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene: Thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid and vapor states,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 4993-4998. [all data]
Parks, Todd, et al., 1936
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505-2508. [all data]
Scott, Finke, et al., 1955, 2
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Gross, M.E.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Waddington, G.,
2,3-dimethyl-2-butene: thermodynamic properties in the solid, liquid, and vapor states.,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1955, 77, 4993. [all data]
Waddington, 1951
Waddington, G.,
Personal Commun., U. S. Bur. Mines, Bartlesville, OK, 1951. [all data]
Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C.,
Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00,
AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637
. [all data]
Camin and Rossini, 1956
Camin, D.L.; Rossini, F.D.,
Physical properties of the 17 isomeric hexenes of the API research series,
J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 1446. [all data]
Camin and Rossini, 1956, 2
Camin, David L.; Rossini, Frederick D.,
Physical Properties of the 17 Isomeric Hexenes.of the API Research Series,
J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 10, 1446-1451, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150544a029
. [all data]
Uusi-Kyyny, Pokki, et al., 2004
Uusi-Kyyny, Petri; Pokki, Juha-Pekka; Kim, Younghun; Aittamaa, Juhani,
Isobaric Vapor Liquid Equilibrium for 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene + Methanol, + Ethanol, + 2-Propanol, or + 2-Butanol at Atmospheric Pressure,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2004, 49, 2, 251-255, https://doi.org/10.1021/je034106w
. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Bevan, Malkin, et al., 1955
Bevan, T.H.; Malkin, T.; Smith, D.B.; Davey, W.; Gwilt, J.R.; Cooper, W.; Kertes, S.; Roberts, J.J.; Ross, W.C.J.; Wilson, Walter; Cummings, G.A.McD.; McLaughlin, E.,
Notes,
J. Chem. Soc., 1955, 1383, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9550001383
. [all data]
Fried, Baghdoyan, et al., 1971
Fried, Vojtech.; Baghdoyan, Armen.; Malik, Jana.,
Vapor pressures and densities of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene and 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 1, 96-97, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60048a009
. [all data]
Baghdoyan, Malik, et al., 1971
Baghdoyan, A.; Malik, J.; Fried, V.,
Vapor Pressures and Densities of 2,3-Dimethyl-2-butene and 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butene,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1971, 16, 1, 96-97, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60048a009
. [all data]
Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Soják, Addová, et al., 2002
Soják, L.; Addová, G.; Kubinec, R.; Kraus, A.; Hu, G.,
Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric characterization of all acyclic C5-C7 alkenes from fluid catalytic cracked gasoline using polydimethylsiloxane and squalane stationary phases,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 947, 1, 103-117, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01564-3
. [all data]
Hilal, Carreira, et al., 1994
Hilal, S.H.; Carreira, L.A.; Karickhoff, S.W.; Melton, C.M.,
Estimation of Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Retention Times from Molecular Structure,
J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 662, 2, 269-280, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80515-6
. [all data]
Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H.,
Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908
. [all data]
Boneva and Dimov, 1986
Boneva, S.; Dimov, N.,
Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices for Alkenes on OV-101 and Squalane Capillary Columns,
Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 3, 149-151, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02311743
. [all data]
Rudenko, Mal'tsev, et al., 1985
Rudenko, G.I.; Mal'tsev, V.V.; Studenichnik, V.N.; Ustinov, E.P.,
Gas chromatographic analysis of volatile substances evolved into atmosphere from polymer materials,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1985, 40, 6, 1119-1127. [all data]
Lubeck and Sutton, 1984
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, D.L.,
Kovats Retention Indices of Selected Olefins on Bonded Phase Fused Silica Capillaries,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1984, 7, 9, 542-544, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240070913
. [all data]
Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979
Bajus, M.; Veselý, V.; Leclercq, P.A.; Rijks, J.A.,
Steam cracking of hydrocarbons. 1. Pyrolysis of heptane,
Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev., 1979, 18, 1, 30-37, https://doi.org/10.1021/i360069a007
. [all data]
Chrétien and Dubois, 1977
Chrétien, J.R.; Dubois, J.E.,
Topological analysis of gas-liquid chromatographic behavior of alkenes,
Anal. Chem., 1977, 49, 6, 747-756, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50014a021
. [all data]
Chretien and Dubois, 1976
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E.,
New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices,
J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1
. [all data]
Rijks, van den Berg, et al., 1974
Rijks, J.A.; van den Berg, J.H.M.; Diependaal, J.P.,
Characterization of hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by two-dimensional precision gas chromatography,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 603-612, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97941-5
. [all data]
Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A.,
High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons,
Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819
. [all data]
Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A.,
Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data,
Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]
Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E.,
Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates,
J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203
. [all data]
Schomburg, 1967
Schomburg, G.,
Struktur und Retentionsverhalten von Offenkettigen und Cyclischen Kohlenwasserstoffen und Deren Einfacher Substitutionsprodukte,
Anal. Chim. Acta., 1967, 38, 45-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(01)80560-2
. [all data]
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Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid S°liquid Entropy of liquid at standard conditions Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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