Butanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-, ethyl ester

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil443.2KN/AAldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990BS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap13.4 ± 0.1kcal/molCGCTemprado and Chickos, 2005Based on data from 363. to 393. K.; AC

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Condensed Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Notice: Except where noted, spectra from this collection were measured on dispersive instruments, often in carefully selected solvents, and hence may differ in detail from measurements on FTIR instruments or in other chemical environments. More information on the manner in which spectra in this collection were collected can be found here.

Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.

Additional Data

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Owner COBLENTZ SOCIETY
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin WYANDOTTE CHEMICALS CORP., WYANDOTTE, MICHIGAN, USA
Source reference COBLENTZ NO. 255
Date Not specified, most likely prior to 1970
Name(s) ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate
State LIQUID
Instrument Not specified, most likely a prism, grating, or hybrid spectrometer.
Path length 0.003 CM
Resolution 4
Sampling procedure TRANSMISSION
Data processing DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY
Boiling point 81-83 C AT 16 mmHg

This IR spectrum is from the Coblentz Society's evaluated infrared reference spectra collection.


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1998.
NIST MS number 291497

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101920.Morales and Duque, 1987He, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1484.Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 19892. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1522.Umano, Shoji, et al., 1986N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5945.Quijano, Salamanca, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-1949.Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 200625. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryHP-5943.Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryHP-5MS945.Pino, Mesa, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillarySPB-5945.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-1943.Brat, Rega, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB907.Pino, Almora, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryHP-5MS938.Kim T.H., Kim T.H., et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillarySPB-5945.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB907.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-1912.Brat, Brillouet, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-1921.Adedeji, Hartman, et al., 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-1928.Adedeji, Hartman, et al., 199160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5964.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-5MS913.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C (5min) => 2C/min => 200C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillaryDB-5MS915.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)
CapillaryDB-5MS911.Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000, 230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2/N2; Program: 40C (5min) => 2C/min => 200C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillarySE-52933.Mondello, Dugo, et al., 199560. m/0.32 mm/0.40 μm, He; Program: 45 C (6 min) 3 C/min -> 111 0C 2 C/min -> 160 C 3 C/min -> 300 C (15 min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax Etr1521.Aubert C. and Pitrat M., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryInnowax1524.Lee, Lee, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1505.Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101472.Chung, Fung, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 195. C @ 60. min
CapillaryZB-Wax1518.Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 1.8 K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1484.Brat, Rega, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryAT-Wax1501.Pino, Almora, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1515.Kim T.H., Kim T.H., et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1521.Pet'ka, Mocák, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 4. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryAT-Wax1501.Pino, Marbot, et al., 200160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1522.Serot, Prost, et al., 200130. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 8. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-FFAP1519.Charles, Martin, et al., 200030. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101524.Chung, 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min; Tstart: 35. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101522.Chung, 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1499.Mondello, Dugo, et al., 199560. m/0.32 mm/0.425 μm, He, 45. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1512.Iwaoka, Hagi, et al., 1994He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1513.Umano, Hagi, et al., 1992He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1524.Selli, Canbas, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1524.Selli, Canbas, et al., 2006, 230. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C(20min)
CapillarySOLGel-Wax1497.Aubert, Baumann, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 3C/min => 150C => 5C/min => 250C (10min)
CapillaryStabilwax1540.Wang, Finn, et al., 200530. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 5C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 230C (10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1524.Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1527.Boido, Lloret, et al., 200325. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C (8min) => 3C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 230C
CapillaryDB-Wax1483.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1483.Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000, 230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5912.Xu, Fan, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-1908.Peppard, 199230. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryDB-1912.Peppard, 199230. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 40. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups943.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups945.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5 MS937.Fan, Lu, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 3 0C/min -> 160 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 220 0C (3 min)
CapillaryHP-5966.Zhao, Li, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
CapillaryHP-5949.Zhao, Li, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryBPX-5949.Duflos, Moine, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(5min) => 5C/min => 100C => 20C/min => 280C (5min)
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups945.Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5931.Jordán, Goodner, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5914.Jordán, Goodner, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5949.Jordán, Margaría, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C (6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryVF-Wax MS1512.Duarte, Dias, et al., 201060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 25. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1501.Xu, Fan, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1524.Berlinet, Brat, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryHP-Innowax1503.Komes, Ulrich, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax Etr1546.Perestrelo, Fernandes, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1540.Qian and Wang, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1508.Umano, Hagi, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1513.Morales, Duque, et al., 200025. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1534.Morales, Duque, et al., 200025. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1490.Parada, Duque, et al., 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1507.Parada, Duque, et al., 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101542.Campeanu, Burcea, et al., 199860. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1513.Parada and Duque, 199830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1530.Parada and Duque, 199830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1532.Wada and Shibamoto, 1997He, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1502.Morales, Albarracín, et al., 199630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1490.Morales, Albarracín, et al., 199630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1515.Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1516.Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1515.Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1516.Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1513.Welke, Manfroi, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1514.Welke, Manfroi, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryStabilwax1524.Chinnici, Guerrero, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 5 0C/min -> 240 0C (10 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax Etr1490.Loskos, Hernandez-Orte, et al., 200760. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 10C/min => 90C => 2C/min => 230C (37min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1507.Selli, 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 220 0C 3 0C/min -> 245 0C (20 min)
CapillaryHP-Innowax1521.Quijano and Pino, 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 50 0C (4 min) -> 40 0C 4 0C/min -> 220 0C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1490.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1524.Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C(20min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1522.Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 130C => 1C/min => 190C => 4C/min => 220C(20min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1525.Mayorga, Knapp, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(4min) => 4C/min => 130C => 1C/min => 190C => 4C/min => 220C(20min)

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, NIST Free Links, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Temprado and Chickos, 2005
Temprado, Manuel; Chickos, James S., Application of correlation-gas chromatography to evaluate the vaporization enthalpy of a component in an equilibrium mixture, Thermochimica Acta, 2005, 435, 1, 49-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2005.03.021 . [all data]

Morales and Duque, 1987
Morales, A.L.; Duque, C., Aroma constituents of the fruit of the moutain papaya (Carica pubescens) from Colombia, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1987, 35, 4, 538-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00076a024 . [all data]

Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989
Nishimura, O.; Yamaguchi, K.; Mihara, S.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile Constituents of Guava Fruits (Psidium guajava L.) and Canned Puree, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1989, 37, 1, 139-142, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00085a033 . [all data]

Umano, Shoji, et al., 1986
Umano, K.; Shoji, A.; Hagi, Y.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile constituents of peel of quince fruit, Cydonia oblonga Miller, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1986, 34, 4, 593-596, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00070a003 . [all data]

Quijano, Salamanca, et al., 2007
Quijano, C.E.; Salamanca, G.; Pino, J.A., Aroma volatile constituents of Colombian varieties of mango (Mangifera indica L.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 5, 401-406, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1812 . [all data]

Osorio, Alarcon, et al., 2006
Osorio, C.; Alarcon, M.; Moreno, C.; Bonilla, A.; Barrios, J.; Garzon, C.; Duque, C., Characterization of Odor-Active Volatiles in Champa ( Campomanesia lineatifolia R. P.), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 2, 509-516, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf052098c . [all data]

Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 2005
Mahattanatawee, K.; Goodner, K.L.; Baldwin, E.A., Volatile constituents and character impact compounds of selected Florida's tropical fruit, Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc., 2005, 118, 414-418. [all data]

Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005
Pino, J.A.; Mesa, J.; Muñoz, Y.; Martí, M.P.; Marbot, R., Volatile components from mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 6, 2213-2223, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0402633 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Rosado, A.; Vázquez, C., Volatile constituents of Malay rose apple [Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. Perry], Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 1, 32-35, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1269 . [all data]

Brat, Rega, et al., 2003
Brat, P.; Rega, B.; Alter, P.; Reynes, M.; Brillouet, J.-M., Distribution of volatile compounds in the pulp, cloud, and serum of freshly squeezed orange juice, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 11, 3442-3447, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf026226y . [all data]

Pino, Almora, et al., 2003
Pino, J.; Almora, K.; Marbot, R., Volatile components of papaya (Carica papaya L., maradol variety) fruit, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 492-496, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1248 . [all data]

Kim T.H., Kim T.H., et al., 2002
Kim T.H.; Kim T.H.; Shin J.H.; Yu E.J.; Kim Y.S.; Lee H.J., Characteristics of aroma-active compounds in the pectin-elicited suspension culture of Zanthoxylum piperitum (prickly ash), Biotechnology Letters, 2002, 24, 7, 551-556, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014812508441 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002
Pino, J.; Marbot, R.; Rosado, A., Volatile constituents of star apple (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) from Cuba, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 5, 401-403, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1116 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2001
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Notes

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