Butanoic acid, pentyl ester

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Error: Bad or missing data.


Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil451.75KN/AHoffmann, 1959Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tboil449.KN/AGill and Dexter, 1934Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tboil459.5KN/ALievens, 1924Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple200.48KN/AVasil'ev and Petrov, 1984Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-30100.1088.Haken and Korhonen, 1985N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
CapillarySE-30120.1084.Haken and Korhonen, 1985N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
CapillarySE-3080.1083.Haken and Korhonen, 1985N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.1076.Komárek, Hornová, et al., 1983Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
PackedApiezon L120.1037.Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978Celite 545
PackedApiezon L160.1052.Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978Celite 545
PackedSE-30150.1062.Ashes and Haken, 1974Celaton (62-72 mesh); Column length: 3.7 m
PackedSE-30100.1076.Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974N2, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedOV-1150.1075.Ashes and Haken, 1971 
PackedSE-30100.1082.Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m
PackedSE-30150.1075.Germaine and Haken, 1969Celite 560; Column length: 3.7 m
PackedApiezon L130.1039.Wehrli and Kováts, 1959Celite; Column length: 2.25 m
PackedApiezon L190.1039.Wehrli and Kováts, 1959Celite; Column length: 2.25 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-11080.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 199060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-11081.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 199060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-11079.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 199060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-11080.Takeoka, Flath, et al., 199060. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 210. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-301062.Chretien and Dubois, 1978Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1305.Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974Chromosorb WAW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1326.Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryUltra-21096.Ceva-Antunes, Bizzo, et al., 200325. m/0.25 mm/0.33 μm, H2, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
CapillarySE-521098.de Pooter, Montens, et al., 1983He, 1. K/min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.6 mm; Tstart: 10. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-51094.Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-5MS1062.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101340.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1321.Boulanger and Crouzet, 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)
CapillaryFFAP1305.Yasuhara, 198750. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C (5min) => 2C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 210C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-51092.Fraternale, Ricci, et al., 201130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-5 MS1095.Pripdeevech, Chumpolsri, et al., 201030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-5 MS1091.Forero, Quijano, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryHP-51093.Isidorov, Purzynska, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-51059.Fan and Qian, 200530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryMethyl Silicone1055.Ricci, Fraternale, et al., 200512.5 m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 270. C
CapillaryOV-1011078.Egolf and Jurs, 19932. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-11076.Yasuda and Higuchi, 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-11077.Zhang and Liang, 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (50 min) 2 0C/min -> 90 0C 30 0C/min -> 300 0C (3 min)
CapillaryVB-51044.Karlshøj, Nielsen, et al., 200760. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 35C(1min) => 4C/min => 175C => 10C/min => 260C
CapillarySE-301062.Liu, Liang, et al., 2007Program: not specified
CapillarySPB-51054.Crook, Boylston, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30C(3min) => 5C/min => 80C => 4C/min => 95C => 5C/min => 115C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillaryDB-5MS1091.Maia, Andrade, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 260C
CapillarySE-301078.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1011078.Shibamoto, 1987Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1304.Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 199860. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1305.Egolf and Jurs, 19932. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-Innowax1320.Yasuda and Higuchi, 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1304.Rowan, Hunt, et al., 200920. m/0.18 mm/0.18 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (1 min) 2/9 0C/min -> 100 0C 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (5 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1319.Mattheis, Fan, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 2C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 200C (5min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1305.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1305.Shibamoto, 1987Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Hoffmann, 1959
Hoffmann, W.L., Riechst. Aromen, 1959, 9, 273. [all data]

Gill and Dexter, 1934
Gill, A.H.; Dexter, F.P., Ind. Eng. Chem., 1934, 26, 881. [all data]

Lievens, 1924
Lievens, G., The freezing point of organic substances: viii esters containing a normal c(5) radical, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1924, 33, 122-131. [all data]

Vasil'ev and Petrov, 1984
Vasil'ev, I.A.; Petrov, V.M., Thermodynamic Properties of Oxygen-containing Organic Compounds, Handbook, Soedinenii: Khimya, Leningrad, p 240, 1984. [all data]

Haken and Korhonen, 1985
Haken, J.K.; Korhonen, I.O.O., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. XXVIII. Retention increments of aliphatic C1-C18 n-alkyl esters of butanoic acid and its monochloro derivatives on SE-30 and OV-351 capillary columns, J. Chromatogr., 1985, 320, 2, 325-334, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90510-2 . [all data]

Komárek, Hornová, et al., 1983
Komárek, K.; Hornová, L.; Horna, A.; Churácek, J., Glass capillary gas chromatography of homologous series of esters. III. Separation of alkyl halogenopropionates and halogenobutyrates on OV-101, J. Chromatogr., 1983, 262, 316-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88112-7 . [all data]

Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978
Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S., Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192. [all data]

Ashes and Haken, 1974
Ashes, J.R.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. VI. Structure-retention increments of aliphatic esters, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 101, 1, 103-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)94737-5 . [all data]

Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974
Chastrette, M.; Heintz, M.; Druilhe, A.; Lefort, D., Analyse chromatographique d'esters aliphatiques saturés. Relations rétention-structure et prévision de la rétention, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1974, 9/10,Pt.1, 1852-1856. [all data]

Ashes and Haken, 1971
Ashes, J.R.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. Part V. Retention of aliphatic esters on non-polar, donar and acceptor stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1971, 60, 33-44, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)95527-4 . [all data]

Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970
Zarazir, D.; Chovin, P.; Guiochon, G., Identification of hydroxylic compounds and their derivatives by gas chromatography, Chromatographia, 1970, 3, 4, 180-195, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269018 . [all data]

Germaine and Haken, 1969
Germaine, R.W.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. Part 1. Simple aliphatic esters, J. Chromatogr., 1969, 43, 33-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99162-3 . [all data]

Wehrli and Kováts, 1959
Wehrli, A.; Kováts, E., Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1959, 7, 7, 2709-2736, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19590420745 . [all data]

Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1990
Takeoka, G.R.; Flath, R.A.; Mon, T.R.; Teranishi, R.; Guentert, M., Volatile Constituents of Apricot (Prunus armeniaca), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1990, 38, 2, 471-477, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00092a031 . [all data]

Chretien and Dubois, 1978
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J-E., Topological Analysis: A Technique for the Physico-Chemical Exploitation of Retention Data in Gas-Liquid Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1978, 158, 43-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)89954-9 . [all data]

Ceva-Antunes, Bizzo, et al., 2003
Ceva-Antunes, P.M.N.; Bizzo, H.R.; Alves, S.M.; Antunes, O.A.C., Analysis of volatile compounds of taperebá (Spondias mombin L.) and Cajá (Spondias mombin L.) by simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME), J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 5, 1387-1392, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf025873m . [all data]

de Pooter, Montens, et al., 1983
de Pooter, H.L.; Montens, J.P.; Willaert, G.A.; Dirinck, P.J.; Schamp, N.M., Treatment of golden delicious apples with aldehydes and carboxylic acids: effect on the headspace composition, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1983, 31, 4, 813-818, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00118a034 . [all data]

Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 2001
Isidorov, V.A.; Krajewska, U.; Dubis, E.N.; Jdanova, M.A., Partition coefficients of alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons and esters in a hexane-acetonitrile system, J. Chromatogr. A, 2001, 923, 1-2, 127-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)00929-3 . [all data]

Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000
Boulanger, R.; Crouzet, J., Free and bound flavour components of Amazonian fruits: 2. cupuacu volatile compounds, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 4, 251-257, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200007/08)15:4<251::AID-FFJ905>3.0.CO;2-2 . [all data]

Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007
Bianchi, F.; Careri, M.; Mangia, A.; Musci, M., Retention indices in the analysis of food aroma volatile compounds in temperature-programmed gas chromatography: Database creation and evaluation of precision and robustness, J. Sep. Sci., 2007, 39, 4, 563-572, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600393 . [all data]

Yasuhara, 1987
Yasuhara, A., Identification of Volatile Compounds in Poultry Manure by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 1987, 387, 371-378, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)94539-X . [all data]

Fraternale, Ricci, et al., 2011
Fraternale, D.; Ricci, D.; Flamini, G.; Giomaro, G., Volatile profile of red apple from Marche region (Italy), Rec. Nat. Prod., 2011, 5, 3, 202-207. [all data]

Pripdeevech, Chumpolsri, et al., 2010
Pripdeevech, P.; Chumpolsri, W.; Suttiarporn, P.; Wongpornchai, S., The chemical composition and antioxidant activities of Basil from Thailand using retention indices and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, J. Seb. Chem. Soc., 2010, 75, 11, 1503-1513, https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC100203125P . [all data]

Forero, Quijano, et al., 2008
Forero, M.D.; Quijano, C.E.; Pino, J.A., Volatile compounds of Chile pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum) at two ripening stages, Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 24, 1, 25-30, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1913 . [all data]

Isidorov, Purzynska, et al., 2006
Isidorov, V.; Purzynska, A.; Modzelewska, A.; Serowiecka, M., Distribution coefficients of aliphatic alcohols, carbonyl compounds and esters between air and Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane fiber coating, Anal. Chim. Acta., 2006, 560, 1-2, 103-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2005.12.043 . [all data]

Fan and Qian, 2005
Fan, W.; Qian, M.C., Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry Dilution Analysis of Young and Aged Chinese Yanghe Daqu Liquors, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 20, 7931-7938, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051011k . [all data]

Ricci, Fraternale, et al., 2005
Ricci, D.; Fraternale, D.; Giamperi, L.; Bucchini, A.; Epifano, F.; Burini, G.; Curini, M., Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Teucrium marum (Lamiaceae), J. Ethnopharmacol., 2005, 98, 1-2, 195-200, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.022 . [all data]

Egolf and Jurs, 1993
Egolf, L.M.; Jurs, P.C., Quantitative structure-retention and structure-odor intensity relationships for a diverse group of odor-active compounds, Anal. Chem., 1993, 65, 21, 3119-3126, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00069a027 . [all data]

Yasuda and Higuchi, 2012
Yasuda, T.; Higuchi, H., Sex pheromones of Stenotus rubrovittatus and Trigonotylus caelestialium, two mirid bugs causing pecky rice and their application to insect monitoring in Japan, Psyshe, 2012, 2012, 1-8, https://doi.org/Article ID 435640 . [all data]

Zhang and Liang, 2009
Zhang, L.; Liang, Y., Dissimilarity analysis and automatic identification of monomethylalkanes from gas chromatography mass spectrometry data. 1. Principle and protocol, J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 27, 5272-5283, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.089 . [all data]

Karlshøj, Nielsen, et al., 2007
Karlshøj, K.; Nielsen, P.V.; Larsen, T.O., Prediction of Penicillium expansum Spoilage and Patulin Concentration in Apples Used for Apple Juice Production by Electronic Nose Analysis, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 11, 4289-4298, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf070134x . [all data]

Liu, Liang, et al., 2007
Liu, F.; Liang, Y.; Cao, C.; Zhou, N., QSPR study of GC retention indices for saturated esters on seven stationary phases based on novel topological indices, Talanta, 2007, 72, 4, 1307-1315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.01.038 . [all data]

Crook, Boylston, et al., 2004
Crook, L.R.; Boylston, T.D.; Glatz, B.A., Effect of gas environment and sorbate addition on flavor characteristics of irradiated apple cider during storage, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 23, 6997-7004, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049454w . [all data]

Maia, Andrade, et al., 2004
Maia, J.G.S.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Zoghbi, M.G.B., Aroma volatiles from two fruit varieties of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), Food Chem., 2004, 85, 2, 195-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00292-9 . [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Shibamoto, 1987
Shibamoto, T., Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis in Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra, P.; Bicchi, C., ed(s)., Hutchig Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 1987, 259-274. [all data]

Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 1998
Werkhoff, P.; Güntert, M.; Krammer, G.; Sommer, H.; Kaulen, J., Vacuum headspace method in aroma research: flavor chemistry of yellow passion fruits, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 3, 1076-1093, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf970655s . [all data]

Rowan, Hunt, et al., 2009
Rowan, D.D.; Hunt, M.B.; Dimouro A.; Alspach P.A.; Weskett R.; Volz, R.K.; Gardiner, S.E.; Chagne, D., Profiling fruit volatiles in the progeny of a Royal Gala x Granny Smith apple (Malus x domestica) cross, J. Agr. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 17, 7953-7961, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf901678v . [all data]

Mattheis, Fan, et al., 2005
Mattheis, J.P.; Fan, X.; Argenta, L.C., Interactive Responses of Gala Apple Fruit Volatile Production to Controlled Atmosphere Storage and Chemical Inhibition of Ethylene Action, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 11, 4510-4516, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050121o . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References