Furan, 3-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-

Formula: C₁₀H₁₄O
Molecular weight: 150.2176
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H14O/c1-9(2)4-3-5-10-6-7-11-8-10/h4,6-8H,3,5H2,1-2H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XNGKCOFXDHYSGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 539-52-6
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
Other names: Perillen; Perillene; 3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)-furan; 3-(4-Methyl-3-pentenyl)-furan (perillene)
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
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Gas Chromatography

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	1099.	Adams, 2000	30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 246. C
Capillary	OV-101	1099.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	1101.	Su, Ho, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1100.	Bader, Caponi, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	HP-5	1099.	Macchioni, Cioni, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	1086.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 60. C @ 6. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	RTX-5	1099.	Shellie, Mondello, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	RTX-5	1102.	Shellie, Mondello, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-101	1109.	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5MS	1102.1	Andriamaharavo, 2014	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C (1 min) => 5 C/min => 210C => 10 C/min => 280C (15 min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1431.	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 70. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP-Sil 5 CB	1087.	Mothana, Hasson, et al., 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 22. min; T_start: 45. C
Capillary	RTX-5	1090.	Prasad, Moulekhi, et al., 2011	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-1	1086.	Xu, Tang, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 2. min
Capillary	SE-54	1099.	Dayisoylu and Alma, 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 999. min
Capillary	DB-5	1096.	Lawal and Oyedelji, 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-5	1097.	Porto, Decorti, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1073.	Moreno, Lima, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	RSL-200	1101.	Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
Capillary	RTX-1	1088.	Kalemba and Thiem, 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	RTX-1	1089.	Lis, Boczek, et al., 2004	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 300. C
Capillary	DB-5	1129.	Lopez Arze, Collin, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 33. min
Capillary	DB-5	1083.	Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-5	1101.	Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003	Helium, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 60. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	DB-5	1099.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	1100.	Maia, Zoghbi, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	1119.0	Santos, Moreira, et al., 2001	He, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	DB-1	1115.	Bailac, Dellacasa, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 22. min
Capillary	SPB-5	1101.	Doneanu and Anitescu, 1998	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	BP-1	1097.	Wyllie, Brophy, et al., 1990	45. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	OV-101	1104.	del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984	He, 0. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_end: 225. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP-Sil 8 CB	1114.	Di Giusto, Bessiere, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: Multi-rise program
Capillary	DB-1	1111.	Xu, Tang, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	1114.	Courtois, Paine, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C m6 0C/min -> 140 0C 5 0C/min -> 160 0C (1 min) 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
Capillary	DB-1	1091.	Delort and Jaquier, 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (20 min)
Capillary	DB-5	1102.	Porto, Decorti, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	1126.	Porto, Decorti, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	1101.	Riahi, Pourbasheer, et al., 2009	Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	1115.	Profitt, Schatz, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C(3 min) 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 2.7 0C/min -> 140 0C 2.4 0C/min -> 180 0C 6 0C/min -> 260 0C
Capillary	HP-5	1102.	Duschatzky, Almeida, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 75C(4min) => 5C/min => 135C => 1C/min => 220C => 10C/min => 280C
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	1093.	Meekijjaroenroj, Bessière, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(3min) => 3C/min => 100C => 2.7C/min => 140C => 2.4C/min => 180C => 6C/min => 250C
Capillary	CP-Sil	1089.	Proffit, 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (3 min) 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 2.7 0C/min -> 140 0C 2.4 0C/min -> 180 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	CP-Sil	1111.	Proffit, 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (3 min) 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 2.7 0C/min -> 140 0C 2.4 0C/min -> 180 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	CP-Sil	1115.	Proffit, 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (3 min) 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 2.7 0C/min -> 140 0C 2.4 0C/min -> 180 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	CP-Sil	1115.	Proffit, 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (3 min) 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 2.7 0C/min -> 140 0C 2.4 0C/min -> 180 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	BPX-5	1099.	Koutsoudaki, Krsek, et al., 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 60C(1min) => 3.5C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 280C(2min)
Capillary	SE-30	1097.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxanes	1097.	Zenkevich, 1997	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	1110.	Miller, Bills, et al., 1989	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -80 C (20 min; during thermal desorption) 50-200 C at 4 C/min 200-320 C at 10 C/min

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1431.	Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005, 2	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 70. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1421.	Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003	Helium, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 60. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	Innowax	1429.	Suleimenov, Atazharova, et al., 2003	He, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-Wax	1409.	Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 1998	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1415.	Kollmannsberger, Nitz, et al., 1992	45. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Hydrogen, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Supelco CO Wax-10	1421.	Prompona, Kandylis, et al., 2012	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (6 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 25 0C/min -> 250 0C (6 min)
Capillary	Innowax FSC	1429.	Baser, Demirci, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	Innowax FSC	1429.	Kaya, Benirci, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 0C/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Demirci B., Baser K.H.C., et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Erdurak, Coskun, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Kürkçüoglu, Hüsnü Can Baser, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Viljoen, Subramoney, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Kivcak, Akay, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1405.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP Innowax FSP	1429.	Baser, Demirci, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Kaya, Demirci, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1429.	Baser, Demirci, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 4 K/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 K/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Kirimer N., Tabanea N., et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	HP-Innowax FSC	1429.	Tabanca, Kirimer, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	Innowax	1429.	Baser, Özek, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 4 K/min -> 220 0C (10 min) 1 K/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1410.	Vernin, 1991	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Adams, 2000
Adams, R.P., The serrate leaf margined Juniperus (Section Sabina) of the western hemisphere: systematics and evolution based on leaf essential oils and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2000, 28, 10, 975-989, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(00)00022-3 . [all data]

Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981
Yamaguchi, K.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile constituents of green tea, Gyokuro (Camellia sinensis L. var Yabukita), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 2, 366-370, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00104a035 . [all data]

Su, Ho, et al., 2006
Su, Y.C.; Ho, C.L.; Wang, E.I.C., Analysis of leaf essential oils from the indigenous five conifers of Taiwan, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 447-452, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1685 . [all data]

Bader, Caponi, et al., 2003
Bader, A.; Caponi, C.; Cioni, P.L.; Flamini, G.; Morelli, I., Acorenone in the essential oil of flowering aerial parts of Seseli tortuosum L., Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 1, 57-58, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1154 . [all data]

Macchioni, Cioni, et al., 2003
Macchioni, F.; Cioni, P.L.; Flamini, G.; Morelli, I.; Maccioni, S.; Ansaldi, M., Chemical composition of essential oils from needles, branches and cones of Pinus pinea, P. halepensis, P. pinaster and P. nigra from central Italy, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 2, 139-143, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1178 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Quert, R.; García, H., Study of essential oils of Eucalyptus resinifera Smith, E. tereticornis Smith and Corymbia maculata (Hook.) K.D. Hill L.A.S. Johnson, grown in Cuba, Flavour Fragr. J., 2002, 17, 1, 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1026 . [all data]

Shellie, Mondello, et al., 2002
Shellie, R.; Mondello, L.; Marriott, P.; Dugo, G., Characterisation of lavender essential oils by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with correlation of linear retention indices and comparison with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 970, 1-2, 225-234, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)00653-2 . [all data]

Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993
Chung, T.Y.; Eiserich, J.P.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile compounds isolated from edible Korean chamchwi (Aster scaber Thunb), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 10, 1693-1697, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00034a033 . [all data]

Andriamaharavo, 2014
Andriamaharavo, N.R., Retention Data. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center., NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 2014. [all data]

Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005
Njoroge, S.M.; Koaze, H.; Karanja, P.N.; Sawamura, M., Volatile Constituents of Redblush Grapefruit ( Citrus paradisi) and Pummelo ( Citrus grandis) Peel Essential Oils from Kenya, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 25, 9790-9794, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf051373s . [all data]

Mothana, Hasson, et al., 2011
Mothana, R.A.A.; Hasson, S.S.; Schultze, W.; Mowitz, A.; Lindequist, U., Phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils of three endemic Soqotraen Boswellia species, Food Chem., 2011, 126, 3, 1149-1154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.11.150 . [all data]

Prasad, Moulekhi, et al., 2011
Prasad, K.; Moulekhi, K.; Bisht, G., Chemical composition of the essential oil of Pavetta indica L. leaves, Res. J. Phytochem., 2011, 5, 1, 66-69, https://doi.org/10.3923/rjphyto.2011.66.69 . [all data]

Xu, Tang, et al., 2010
Xu, X.; Tang, Z.; Liang, Y., Comparative analysis of plant essential oils by GC-MS coupled with integrated chemometric resolution methods, Anal. Methods, 2010, 2, 4, 359-367, https://doi.org/10.1039/b9ay00213h . [all data]

Dayisoylu and Alma, 2009
Dayisoylu, K.S.; Alma, M.H., Chemical analysis of essential oils from cone's rosin of Cilician fir (Abies cilicica subsp. cilicica), Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2009, 8, 15, 3502-3505. [all data]

Lawal and Oyedelji, 2009
Lawal, O.A.; Oyedelji, A.O., Chemical composition of the essential oils of Cyperus rotundus L. from South Africa, Molecules, 2009, 14, 8, 2909-2917, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14082909 . [all data]

Porto, Decorti, et al., 2009
Porto, C.Da.; Decorti, D.; Kikic, I., Flavour compounds of Lavandula angustifolia L. to use in food manufacturing: comparison of three different extraction methods, Food Chem., 2009, 112, 4, 1072-1078, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.07.015 . [all data]

Moreno, Lima, et al., 2007
Moreno, P.R.H.; Lima, M.E.L.; Sobral, M.; Young, M.C.M.; Cordeiro, I.; Apel, M.A.A.; Limberger, R.P.; Henriques, A.T., Essential oil composition of fruit colour varieties of Eugenia brasiliensis Lam., Sci. Agr.; (Piracicaba Praz.), 2007, 64, 4, 428-432. [all data]

Jirovetz, Buchbauer, et al., 2005
Jirovetz, L.; Buchbauer, G.; Stoyanova, A.; Georgiev, E.V.; Damianova, S.T., Composition, quality control and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of cumin (Cuminum cyminumL.) seeds from Bulgaria that had been stored for up to 36 years, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 2005, 40, 3, 305-310, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.00915.x . [all data]

Kalemba and Thiem, 2004
Kalemba, D.; Thiem, B., Constituents of the essential oils of four micropropagated Solidago species, Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 1, 40-43, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1271 . [all data]

Lis, Boczek, et al., 2004
Lis, A.; Boczek, E.; Góra, J., Chemical composition of the essential oils from fruits, leaves and flowers of the Amur cork tree (Phellodendron amurense Rupr.), Flavour Fragr. J., 2004, 19, 6, 549-553, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1349 . [all data]

Lopez Arze, Collin, et al., 2004
Lopez Arze, J.B.; Collin, G.; Garneau, F.-X.; Jean, F.-I.; Gagnon, H., Essential oils from Bolivia. II. Asteraceae: Ophryosporus heptanthus (Wedd.) H. Rob. et King, J. Essent. Oil Res., 2004, 16, 4, 374-376, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2004.9698747 . [all data]

Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2003
Marongiu, B.; Porcedda, S.; Caredda, A.; de Gioannis, B.; Vargiu, L.; la Colla, P., Extraction of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. Oxycedrus essential oil by supercritical carbon dioxide: influence of some process parameters and biological activity, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 390-397, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1224 . [all data]

Mookdasanit, Tamura, et al., 2003
Mookdasanit, J.; Tamura, H.; Yoshizawa T.; Tokunaga T.; Nakanishi, K., Trace Volatile Compounds in Essential Oil of Citrus Sudachi by Means of Modified Solvent Extraction Method, Food Sci Technol. Res., 2003, 9, 1, 54-61, https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.9.54 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Fuentes, V., Characterization of volatiles in Bullock's heart (Annona reticulata L.) fruit cultivars from Cuba, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 13, 3836-3839, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020733y . [all data]

Maia, Zoghbi, et al., 2002
Maia, J.G.S.; Zoghbi, M.G.B.; Andrade, E.H.A.; da Silva, M.H.L.; Luz, A.I.R.; da Silva, J.D., Essential oils composition of Eupatorium species growing wild in the Amazon, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2002, 30, 11, 1071-1077, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00059-5 . [all data]

Santos, Moreira, et al., 2001
Santos, P.R.; Moreira, D.L.; Guimaraes, E.F.; Kaplan, M.A.C., Essential oil analysis of 10 piperaceae species from the Brazilian Atlantic forest, Phytochemistry, 2001, 58, 4, 547-551, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00290-4 . [all data]

Bailac, Dellacasa, et al., 2000
Bailac, P.N.; Dellacasa, A.D.; Bernasconi, H.O.; Firpo, N.H.; Ponzi, M.I., Composicion del aceite esencial y actividad antimicrobiana de eupatorium patens, Bol. Soc. Chil. Quim., 2000, 45, 207-211. [all data]

Doneanu and Anitescu, 1998
Doneanu, C.; Anitescu, G., Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of Angelica archangelica L. root oil, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 1998, 12, 1, 59-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-8446(97)00040-5 . [all data]

Wyllie, Brophy, et al., 1990
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Notes

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