Phenobarbital

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IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director


Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5220.1984.Phillips, Logan, et al., 199015. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, He
CapillaryBP-1200.1932.Japp, Gill, et al., 198725. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, N2
CapillaryDB-1200.1931.Japp, Gill, et al., 198730. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, N2
CapillaryBP-1200.1937.Japp, Gill, et al., 198725. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, N2
CapillarySPB-1250.1995.Lora-Tamayo, Rams, et al., 1986He; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
PackedSE-30200.1934.Stead, Gill, et al., 1982 
PackedOV-1200.1955.Berninger and Möller, 1977 
PackedOV-101200.1950.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1955.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1955.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1960.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedSE-301965.Maurer, 1990N2, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min
PackedSE-301965.Maurer, 1990N2, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min
PackedOV-1011965.Maurer, 1990, 2N2, Chromosorb G HP, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Column length: 0.6 m
PackedOV-1011965.Maurer, 1990, 2N2, Chromosorb G HP, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Column length: 0.6 m
PackedOV-1011965.Maurer, 1990, 2N2, Chromosorb G HP, 100. C @ 3. min, 30. K/min, 310. C @ 5. min; Column length: 0.6 m
CapillarySE-301939.Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 198212. m/0.22 mm/0.45 μm, He, 120. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 300. C @ 12. min
CapillarySE-301938.Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 198225. m/0.49 mm/1.14 μm, 100. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 275. C @ 15. min

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
PackedOV-1011990.McLinden and Stenhouse, 1979N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified
PackedOV-11975.Berninger, Grunnagel, et al., 1975N2, Chromosorb G, AW-DMCS; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified
PackedOV-11970.Berninger, Grunnagel, et al., 1975N2, Chromosorb G, AW-DMCS; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-11944.Christ, Noomano, et al., 198830. m/0.75 mm/1.0 μm, He, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 12. min; Tstart: 160. C
CapillaryDB-11928.Perrigo, Peel, et al., 198515. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone1921.5Newton and Foery, 198412. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 300. C @ 3. min
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane1995.0Newton and Foery, 198412. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 50. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 300. C @ 3. min
CapillaryDB-11928.Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 198415. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 120. C
PackedSE-301975.Perrigo and Peel, 1981N2, Chromosorb W, 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 1.8 m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBP-11924.Stowell and Wilson, 198712. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120C => 8C/min => 270C => 25C/min => 300C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedOV-101180.1964.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1950.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1955.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101200.1950.Möller, 1976N2, Chromosorb G AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBP-11934.MHA, 9999Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillarySE-541996.Friel, Logan, et al., 199730. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 80. C @ 1. min, 15. K/min, 295. C @ 8. min
CapillaryOV-11957.Schutz and Wollrab A., 198816. K/min; Tstart: 200. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-11926.Sharp, 198715. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 130. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBP-11928.Stowell and Wilson, 198512. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 8. K/min; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryBP-11922.Stowell and Wilson, 198512. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
PackedSE-301935.Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982Gas Chrom P, 2.5 K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 120. C; Tend: 200. C
PackedSE-301975.Peel and Perrigo, 1976Nitrogen, Chromosorb W AW DMS (80-100 mesh), 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 2. m
PackedSE-301975.Peel and Perrigo, 1975N2, Chromosorb W AW DMS, 130. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 290. C @ 8. min; Column length: 2. m

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB1980.Bogusz, Bialka, et al., 198610. m/0.53 mm/5.2 μm; Program: 100 0C (2 min) 20 0C/min -> 180 0C 7.5 0C/min -> 280 0C (6 min)
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB1957.Bogusz, Bialka, et al., 198610. m/0.53 mm/5.2 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryBP-11924.Stowell and Wilson, 198512. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 120 0X 8 0C/min -> 270 0C 25 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min)
CapillaryBP-11950.Stowell and Wilson, 198512. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: not specified
OtherMethyl Silicone1957.Ardrey and Moffat, 1981Program: not specified
PackedOV-1011954.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified
PackedOV-1011950.Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978Nitrogen, Chromosorb G (100-120 mesh); Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Phillips, Logan, et al., 1990
Phillips, A.M.; Logan, B.K.; Stafford, D.T., Further applications for capillary gas chromatography in routine quantitative toxicological analyses, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1990, 13, 11, 754-758, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240131106 . [all data]

Japp, Gill, et al., 1987
Japp, M.; Gill, R.; Osselton, M.D., Comparison of drug retention indices determined on packed, wide bore capillary and narrow bore capillary columns, J. Forensic Sci., 1987, 32, 6, 1574-1586. [all data]

Lora-Tamayo, Rams, et al., 1986
Lora-Tamayo, C.; Rams, M.A.; Chacon, J.M.R., Gas Chromatographic Data for 187 Nitrogen- or Phosphorus-Containing Drugs and Metabolites of Toxicological Interest Analysed on Methyl Silicone Capillary Columns, J. Chromatogr., 1986, 374, 73-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)83254-5 . [all data]

Stead, Gill, et al., 1982
Stead, A.H.; Gill, R.; Evans, A.T.; Moffat, A.C., Predictions of gas chromatographic retention characteristics of barbiturates from molecular structure, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 234, 2, 277-283, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81866-X . [all data]

Berninger and Möller, 1977
Berninger, H.; Möller, M.R., Retentionsindices zur gaschromatographischen Identifizierung von Arzneimitteln, Arch. Toxicol., 1977, 37, 4, 295-305, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00330821 . [all data]

Möller, 1976
Möller, M.R., Comparability of retention indices of polar substances at elevated temperatures, Chromatographia, 1976, 9, 7, 311-314, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268832 . [all data]

Maurer, 1990
Maurer, H.H., Identification and differentiation of barbiturates, other sedative-hypnotics and their metabolites in urine integrated in a general screening procedure using computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 1990, 530, 307-326, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)82334-8 . [all data]

Maurer, 1990, 2
Maurer, H.H., Detection of anticonvulsants and their metabolites in urine within a general unknown analysis procedure using computerized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Arch. Toxicol., 1990, 64, 7, 554-561, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01971834 . [all data]

Schepers, Wijsbeek, et al., 1982
Schepers, P.; Wijsbeek, J.; Franke, J.P.; de Zeeuw, R.A., Applicability of capillary gas chromatography to substance identification in toxicology by means of retention indices, J. Forensic Sci., 1982, 27, 1, 49-60. [all data]

McLinden and Stenhouse, 1979
McLinden, V.J.; Stenhouse, A.M., A chromatography system for drug identification, Forensic Sci. Int., 1979, 13, 71-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/0379-0738(79)90265-2 . [all data]

Berninger, Grunnagel, et al., 1975
Berninger, H.; Grunnagel, R.; Mall, S.; Moller, M.R., Gas chromatographic identification of unknown substances from body fluids by menas of retention indices, Beitr. Gerichtl. Med., 1975, 33, 185-191. [all data]

Christ, Noomano, et al., 1988
Christ, D.W.; Noomano, P.; Rosas, M.; Rhone, D., Retention indices by wide-bore capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1988, 12, 2, 84-88, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/12.2.84 . [all data]

Perrigo, Peel, et al., 1985
Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W.; Ballantyne, D.J., Use of Dual-Column Fused-Silica Capillary Gas Chromatography in Combination with Detector Response Factors for Analytical Toxicology., J. Chromatogr., 1985, 341, 81-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4347(00)84011-6 . [all data]

Newton and Foery, 1984
Newton, B.; Foery, R.F., Retention indices and dual capillary gas chromatography for rapid identification of sedative hypnotic drugs in emergency toxicology, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1984, 8, 3, 129-134, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/8.3.129 . [all data]

Perrigo, Ballantyne, et al., 1984
Perrigo, B.J.; Ballantyne, D.J.; Peel, H.W., Condierations in developing a data base for drugs on a DBI capillary column, J. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci., 1984, 17, 2, 41-49, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1984.10757360 . [all data]

Perrigo and Peel, 1981
Perrigo, B.J.; Peel, H.W., The use of retention indices and temperature-programmed gas chromatography in analytical toxicology, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1981, 19, 5, 219-226, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/19.5.219 . [all data]

Stowell and Wilson, 1987
Stowell, A.; Wilson, L.W., A simple approach to the interlaboratory transfer of drug retention indices determined by temperature programmed capillary gas chromatography, J. Forensic Sci., 1987, 32, 5, 1214-1220. [all data]

Dubsky, Hána, et al., 1978
Dubsky, H.; Hána, K.; Komárková, M.; Rittich, B., Pouzití kovatsovych indexu pri toxikologickych analysách, Chem. Listy, 1978, 72, 980-984. [all data]

MHA, 9999
MHA, Directorate of ForensicScience., Forensic Toxicology, 9999. [all data]

Friel, Logan, et al., 1997
Friel, P.N.; Logan, B.K.; Formoso, E.J., GC-MS analysis and post-mortem distribution of felbamate in humans, J. Epilepsy, 1997, 10, 6, 283-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6974(97)00063-7 . [all data]

Schutz and Wollrab A., 1988
Schutz, H.; Wollrab A., The significance of the retention index in toxicologic analysis II, Pharmazie in unzerer Zeit, 1988, 17, 4, 97-101. [all data]

Sharp, 1987
Sharp, M.E., A rapid screening procedure for acidic and neutral drugs in blood by high resolution gas chromatography, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1987, 11, 1, 8-11, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/11.1.8 . [all data]

Stowell and Wilson, 1985
Stowell, A.; Wilson, L., Use of retention indices in drug screening by capillary gas chromatography, Rep. # CD 2362, Department of Scientific and Industrial Reseach, Chemistry Division, Lower Hutt, NZ, 1985, 32. [all data]

Marozzi, Gambaro, et al., 1982
Marozzi, E.; Gambaro, V.; Saligari, E.; Mariani, R.; Lodi, F., Use of the retention index in gas chromatographic studies of drugs, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1982, 6, 4, 185-192, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/6.4.185 . [all data]

Peel and Perrigo, 1976
Peel, H.W.; Perrigo, B., A practical gas chromatographic screening procedure for toxicological analysis, Can. Soc. Forens. Sci. J., 1976, 9, 2, 69-74, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1976.10757247 . [all data]

Peel and Perrigo, 1975
Peel, H.W.; Perrigo, B., A practical gas chromatographic screening procedure for toxicological analysis, Can.Soc.Forens.Sci.J., 1975, 9, 2, 69-74, https://doi.org/10.1080/00085030.1976.10757247 . [all data]

Bogusz, Bialka, et al., 1986
Bogusz, M.; Bialka, J.; Gierz, J.; Klys, M., Use of short, wide-bore capillary columns in GC toxicological screening, J. Anal. Toxicol., 1986, 10, 4, 135-138, https://doi.org/10.1093/jat/10.4.135 . [all data]

Ardrey and Moffat, 1981
Ardrey, R.E.; Moffat, A.C., Gas-liquid chromatographic retention indices of 1318 substances of toxicological interest on SE-30 or OV-1 stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 1981, 220, 3, 195-252, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81925-1 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References