Formaldehyde

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔfH°gas-115.90kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1961
ΔfH°gas-108.6 ± 0.46kJ/molCmFletcher and Pilcher, 1970ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔcH°gas-570.78 ± 0.42kJ/molCmFletcher and Pilcher, 1970Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -108.6 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
ΔcH°gas-561.1kJ/molCcbWartenberg and Lerner-Steinberg, 1925Gas phase; Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -118. kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
S°gas,1 bar218.95J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1961

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Cp,gas (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
33.2650.Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997p=1 bar. Recommended entropies and heat capacities are in good agreement with other statistically calculated values [ Thompson, 1941, Pillai M.G.K., 1961, Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989]. Please also see Chao J., 1980, Chao J., 1986.; GT
33.26100.
33.28150.
33.50200.
34.70273.15
35.39 ± 0.02298.15
35.44300.
39.24400.
43.74500.
48.18600.
52.28700.
55.94800.
59.16900.
61.951000.
64.371100.
66.451200.
68.251300.
69.801400.
71.151500.
73.791750.
75.682000.
77.082250.
78.132500.
78.932750.
79.563000.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 298. to 1200.1200. to 6000.
A 5.19376771.35268
B 93.232496.174497
C -44.85457-1.191090
D 7.8822790.079564
E 0.551175-15.58917
F -119.3591-170.6327
G 202.4663262.3180
H -115.8972-115.8972
ReferenceChase, 1998Chase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in March, 1961 Data last reviewed in March, 1961

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

Mass spectrum
For Zoom
1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)
2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling
3.) Press here to zoom

Additional Data

View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).

Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin H.M.B.BALLSCHMIETER NAT. FOOD RES. INST., PRETORIA, S AFRIC
NIST MS number 37883

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Fletcher and Pilcher, 1970
Fletcher, R.A.; Pilcher, G., Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1970, 66, 794-799. [all data]

Wartenberg and Lerner-Steinberg, 1925
Wartenberg, H.; Lerner-Steinberg, Heat of formation of formaldehyde, Z. Angew. Chem., 1925, 38, 591-592. [all data]

Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
Thermodynamics Research Center, Selected Values of Properties of Chemical Compounds., Thermodynamics Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1997. [all data]

Thompson, 1941
Thompson, H.W., Thermodynamic functions and equilibria of formaldehyde, deuteroformaldehyde, phosgene and thiophosgene, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1941, 37, 251-260. [all data]

Pillai M.G.K., 1961
Pillai M.G.K., Potential energy constants, rotational distortion constants, and calculated thermodynamic properties for some planar XYZ2 molecules, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1961, 6, 465-471. [all data]

Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989
Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I.V.; Alcock, C.B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th ed.; Vols. 1 and 2, Hemisphere, New York, 1989. [all data]

Chao J., 1980
Chao J., Perfect gas thermodynamic properties of methanal, ethanal and their deuterated species, Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 41, 41-54. [all data]

Chao J., 1986
Chao J., Thermodynamic properties of key organic oxygen compounds in the carbon range C1 to C4. Part 2. Ideal gas properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1369-1436. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References