Thymoquinone
- Formula: C10H12O2
- Molecular weight: 164.2011
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KEQHJBNSCLWCAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 490-91-5
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-; p-Mentha-3,6-diene-2,5-dione; p-Cymene-2,5-dione; Thymoquinon; 2-Isopropyl-5-methylbenzoquinone; 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 5-isopropyl-2-methyl-; 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone; 2-Methyl-5-isopropyl-1,4-benzoquinone; 2-Methyl-5-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone; 5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone; 5-Isopropyl-2-methyl-p-benzoquinone; 2-Methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione; 2-Isopropyl-5-methyl-p-benzoquinone; NSC 2228; thymolquinone
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔcH°solid | -1271.3 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Swietoslawski and Starczedska, 1925 | Corresponding ΔfHºsolid = -79.1 kcal/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections) |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Phase Spectrum
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Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.
Additional Data
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Owner | NIST Standard Reference Data Program Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
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Origin | Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract |
State | gas |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-1437 |
NIST MS number | 233824 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5MS | 1260. | Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | RTX-1 | 1216. | Bendahou, Muselli, et al., 2008 | 60. m/0.22 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 1252. | Benkaci-Ali, Baaliouamer, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | DB-1 | 1251. | Senatore, Lentini, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 270. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1249. | Economakis, Skaltsa, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 280. C |
Capillary | RTX-5 MS | 1252. | Hudaib, Speroni, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 10. min, 2.5 K/min; Tend: 180. C |
Capillary | HP-101 | 1222. | Milos and Radonic, 2000 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 1252. | Cao, Li, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 1246. | Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | RTX-5 MS | 1253. | Hudaib and Aburjai, 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 210. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 1239. | Pala-Paul, Brophy, et al., 2007 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 95. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1250. | Havlik, Kokoska, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1250. | Mirza, Navaei, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 1250. | Pino, Marquez, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 1236. | Tigrine-Kordiani, Meklati, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min |
Capillary | HP-5 | 1258. | Figuérédo, Cabassu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 5. min |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1248. | Sefidkon and Jamzad, 2005 | He, 4. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1252. | Skoula and Grayer, 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 1244. | Hajhashemi V., Ghannadi A., et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 275. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1242. | Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 60. C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 1226. | Rasooli and Mirmostafa, 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | SPB-5 | 1245. | Cornu, Carnat, et al., 2001 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 15. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
Capillary | HP-101 | 1220. | Milso, Mastelic, et al., 1998 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 1249. | Cao, Li, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5 | 1276. | Jordan, Martinez, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(4min) => 1C/min => 64C => 2.5C/min => 155C => 5C/min => 250C |
Capillary | DB-1 | 1210. | Belhattab, Larous, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 300C(10min) |
Capillary | HP-5 | 1276. | Sotomayor, Martínez, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(4min) => 1C/min => 64C => 2.5C/min => 155C => 5C/min => 250C |
Capillary | HP-5 | 1276. | Jordán, Martínez, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C (4min) => 1C/min => 64C => 2.5C/min => 155C => 5C/min => 250C |
Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 1228. | Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1997 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Swietoslawski and Starczedska, 1925
Swietoslawski, W.; Starczedska, H.,
Correction des donnees thermochimiques de M.A. Valeur,
J. Chem. Phys., 1925, 22, 399-401. [all data]
Hazzit, Baaliouamer, et al., 2006
Hazzit, M.; Baaliouamer, A.; Faleiro, M.L.; Miguel, M.G.,
Composition of the Essential Oils of Thymus and Origanum Species from Algeria and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2006, 54, 17, 6314-6321, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0606104
. [all data]
Bendahou, Muselli, et al., 2008
Bendahou, M.; Muselli, A.; Grignon-Dubois, M.; Benyoucef, M.; Desjobert, J.-M.; Bernardini, A.-F.; Costa, J.,
Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Origanum glandulosum Desf. essential oil and extract obtained by microwave extraction: Comparison with hydrodistillation,
Food Chem., 2008, 106, 1, 132-139, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.05.050
. [all data]
Benkaci-Ali, Baaliouamer, et al., 2007
Benkaci-Ali, F.; Baaliouamer, A.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F.,
Chemical composition of seed essential oils from Algerian Nigella sativa extracted by microwave and hydrodistillation,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 2, 148-153, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1773
. [all data]
Senatore, Lentini, et al., 2003
Senatore, F.; Lentini, F.; Venza, F.; Bruno, M.; Napolitano, F.,
Composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil of Anisochilus carnosus (Linn. fil.) Benth., a Tamil plant acclimatized in Sicily,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 3, 202-204, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1183
. [all data]
Economakis, Skaltsa, et al., 2002
Economakis, C.; Skaltsa, H.; Demetzos, C.; Sokovic, M.; Thanos, C.A.,
Effect of phosphorus concentration of the nutrient solution on the volatile constituents of leaves and bracts of Origanum dictamnus,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 22, 6276-6280, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0203444
. [all data]
Hudaib, Speroni, et al., 2002
Hudaib, M.; Speroni, E.; di Pietra, A.M.; Cavrini, V.,
GC/MS evaluation of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oil composition and variations during the vegetative cycle,
J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2002, 29, 4, 691-700, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0731-7085(02)00119-X
. [all data]
Milos and Radonic, 2000
Milos, M.; Radonic, A.,
Gas chromatography mass spectral analysis of free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds from Juniperus oxycedrus L. growing wild in Croatia,
Food Chem., 2000, 68, 3, 333-338, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(99)00192-2
. [all data]
Cao, Li, et al., 2011
Cao, H.; Li, Z.; Chen, X.,
QSRR study of GC retention indices of volatile compounds emitted from Mosla chinensis Maxim. by multiply linear regression,
Chin. J. Chem., 2011, 29, 10, 2187-2196, https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.201180379
. [all data]
Ferhat, Tigrine-Kordjani, et al., 2007
Ferhat, M.A.; Tigrine-Kordjani, N.; Chemat, S.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F.,
Rapid Extraction of Volatile Compounds Using a New Simultaneous Microwave Distillation: Solvent Extraction Device,
Chromatographia, 2007, 65, 3-4, 217-222, https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-006-0130-5
. [all data]
Hudaib and Aburjai, 2007
Hudaib, M.; Aburjai, T.,
Volatile components of Thymus vulgaris L. from wild-growing and cultivated plants in Jordan,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 4, 322-327, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1800
. [all data]
Pala-Paul, Brophy, et al., 2007
Pala-Paul, J.; Brophy, J.J.; Perez-Alonso, M.J.; Usano, J.; Soria, S.C.,
Essential oil composition of the different parts of Eryngium corniculatum Lam. (Apiaceae) from Spain,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2007, 1175, 2, 289-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.10.061
. [all data]
Havlik, Kokoska, et al., 2006
Havlik, J.; Kokoska, L.; Vasickova, S.; Valterova, I.,
Chemical composition of essential oil from the seeds of Nigella arvensis L. and assessment of its actimicrobial activity,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 713-717, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1713
. [all data]
Mirza, Navaei, et al., 2006
Mirza, M.; Navaei, M.N.; Dini, M.,
Volatile constituents of essential oils isolated from flowers and leaves of Eupatorium cannabinum L. from Iran,
Iranian J. Pharmaceutical Res., 2006, 2, 149-152. [all data]
Pino, Marquez, et al., 2006
Pino, J.A.; Marquez, E.; Marbot, R.,
Volatile constituents from tea of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.),
Rev. CENIC Ciencias Quimicas, 2006, 37, 3, 127-129. [all data]
Tigrine-Kordiani, Meklati, et al., 2006
Tigrine-Kordiani, N.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F.,
Abalysis by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry of the essential oil of Zygophyllum album L., an aromatic and medicinal plant growing in Algeria,
Int. J. Aromatherapy, 2006, 16, 3-4, 187-191, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijat.2006.09.008
. [all data]
Figuérédo, Cabassu, et al., 2005
Figuérédo, G.; Cabassu, P.; Chalchat, J.-C.; Pasquier, B.,
Studies of Mediterranean oregano populations- V. Chemical composition of essential oils of oregano: Origanum syriacum L. var. bevanii (Holmes) Ietswaart, O. syriacum L. var. sinaicum (Boiss.) Ietswaart, and O. syriacum L. var. syriacum from Lebanon and Israel,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 164-168. [all data]
Sefidkon and Jamzad, 2005
Sefidkon, F.; Jamzad, Z.,
Chemical composition of the essential oil of three Iranian Satureja species (S. mutica, S. macrantha and S. intermedia),
Food Chem., 2005, 91, 1, 1-4, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.01.027
. [all data]
Skoula and Grayer, 2005
Skoula, M.; Grayer, R.J.,
Volatile oils of Coridothymus capitatus, Satureja thymbra, Satureja spinosa and Thymbra calostachya (Lamiaceae) from Crete,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 6, 573-576, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1489
. [all data]
Hajhashemi V., Ghannadi A., et al., 2004
Hajhashemi V.; Ghannadi A.; Jafarabadi H.,
Black cumin seed essential oil, as a potent analgesic and antiinflammatory drug,
Phytother. Res., 2004, 18, 3, 195-199, https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1390
. [all data]
Marongiu, Porcedda, et al., 2003
Marongiu, B.; Porcedda, S.; Caredda, A.; de Gioannis, B.; Vargiu, L.; la Colla, P.,
Extraction of Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. Oxycedrus essential oil by supercritical carbon dioxide: influence of some process parameters and biological activity,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 390-397, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1224
. [all data]
Rasooli and Mirmostafa, 2003
Rasooli, I.; Mirmostafa, S.A.,
Bacterial susceptibility to and chemical composition of essential oils from Thymus kotschyanus and Thymus persicus,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 8, 2200-2205, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0261755
. [all data]
Cornu, Carnat, et al., 2001
Cornu, A.; Carnat, A.-P.; Martin, B.; Coulon, J.-B.; Lamaison, J.-L.; Berdagué, J.-L.,
Solid-phase microextraction of volatile components from natural grassland plants,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 1, 203-209, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0008341
. [all data]
Milso, Mastelic, et al., 1998
Milso, M.; Mastelic, J.; Radonic, A.,
Free and glycosidically bound volatile compounds from cypress cones (Cupressus Sempervirens L.),
Croat. Chem. Acta, 1998, 71, 1, 139-145. [all data]
Jordan, Martinez, et al., 2006
Jordan, M.J.; Martinez, R.M.; Goodner, K.L.; Baldwin, E.A.; Sotomayor, J.A.,
Seasonal variation of Thymus hyemalis Lange and Spanish Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils composition,
Ind. Crops Prod., 2006, 24, 3, 253-263, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2006.06.011
. [all data]
Belhattab, Larous, et al., 2005
Belhattab, R.; Larous, L.; Figueiredo, A.C.; Santos, P.A.G.; Barroso, J.G.; Pedro, L.G.,
Origanum glandulosum Desf. grown wild in Algeria: essential oil composition and glycosidic bound volatiles,
Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 2, 209-212, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1387
. [all data]
Sotomayor, Martínez, et al., 2004
Sotomayor, J.A.; Martínez, R.M.; García, A.J.; Jordán, M.J.,
Thymus zygis Subsp. Gracilis: watering level effect on phytomass production and essential oil quality,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 17, 5418-5424, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0496245
. [all data]
Jordán, Martínez, et al., 2003
Jordán, M.J.; Martínez, R.M.; Cases, M.A.; Sotomayor. J.A.,
Watering level effect on Thymus hyemalis lange essential oil yield and composition,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 18, 5420-5427, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034335m
. [all data]
Weyerstahl, Marschall, et al., 1997
Weyerstahl, P.; Marschall, H.; Seelmann, I.; Kaul, V.K.,
Constituents of the flower essential oil of Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) K. et R. from India,
Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 6, 387-396, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199711/12)12:6<387::AID-FFJ677>3.0.CO;2-F
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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