Benzene, 2-ethyl-1,4-dimethyl-

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid-84.8 ± 1.2kJ/molCcbGood, 1975 
Δfliquid-85.3 ± 2.6kJ/molCcbProsen, Johnson, et al., 1946 
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-5851.1 ± 1.1kJ/molCcbGood, 1975Corresponding Δfliquid = -84.81 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections)
Δcliquid-5850.7 ± 2.6kJ/molCcbProsen, Johnson, et al., 1946Corresponding Δfliquid = -85.19 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections)

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil460. ± 1.KAVGN/AAverage of 12 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus219.41KN/ABirch, Dean, et al., 1949Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap52.6kJ/molN/AReid, 1972AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
48.0353.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 338. to 490. K.; AC
48.7313.N/AStull, 1947Based on data from 299. to 440. K.; AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-3488
NIST MS number 229625

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Kusakov, et al., 1963
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 20041
Instrument unknown
Boiling point 186.9

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1100.1068.5Zhu, Zhang, et al., 1999Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryCP Sil 280.1069.5Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
CapillaryHP-160.1060.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-160.1060.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-1100.1068.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-1100.1069.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-1100.1067.2Matisová and Kurán, 199052. m/0.25 mm/0.38 μm, N2
CapillaryOV-1100.1066.7Matisová and Kurán, 199052. m/0.25 mm/0.38 μm, H2
CapillaryPONA100.1067.7Matisová and Kurán, 199050. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, H2
CapillaryOV-101100.1067.Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.1073.Matisová, Moravcová, et al., 1988N2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryApolane120.1089.Matisová, Moravcová, et al., 1988N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.1067.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.1067.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.1069.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.1069.Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988H2; Column length: 278. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySE-3070.1059.0Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane86.1054.8Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979N2; Column length: 50. m
CapillarySqualane100.1062.Engewald and Wennrich, 1976N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillarySqualane80.1054.29Soják and Rijks, 1976H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySE-30130.1081.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30140.1080.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30150.1085.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-30160.1089.Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm
CapillarySE-3065.1060.5Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySqualane100.1060.0Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974He; Column length: 10.5 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-51086.9Wang, Fingas, et al., 199430. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryOV-1011061.Hayes and Pitzer, 1982110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryApiezon L1090.Louis, 1971N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH-1001068.Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min)
CapillaryDB-11067.Hoekman, 199360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M150.1307.Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillaryPEG-20M70.1343.5Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryCarbowax 20M100.1335.0Engewald and Wennrich, 1976N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1321.1Döring, Estel, et al., 1974Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPetrocol DH1068.8Censullo, Jones, et al., 200350. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryPONA1059.6Martos, Saraullo, et al., 199750. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
CapillaryPONA1063.0Martos, Saraullo, et al., 199750. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min
CapillaryUltra-11062.Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 19924. K/min; Tstart: -40. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH1062.32White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH1063.12White, Douglas, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH1063.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryOV-1011061.Hayes and Pitzer, 1981108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBPX-51093.Cardeal, da Silva, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(5min) => 3C/min => 210C => 40C/min => 240C (4min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone1074.60Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 199950. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1339.Mahadevan and Farmer, 200660. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryDB-Wax1364.Le Guen, Prost, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101100.1064.Tian, 1993Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.1073.Tian, 1993Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillarySqualane95.41049.Sojak and Vigdergauz, 1978H2
CapillarySqualane110.1062.Papazova and Pankova, 1975N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane130.1063.Papazova and Pankova, 1975N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB1071.Bramston-Cook, 201360. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
CapillaryHP-5 MS1074.Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH1068.Supelco, 2012100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryPONA1070.Zhang, Ding, et al., 200950. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
CapillaryOV-11066.Orav, Kailas, et al., 19992. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C
CapillaryHP-51085.2Wang and Fingas, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-11051.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199260. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB1060.Hartgers, Damste, et al., 199225. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, He, 0. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 320. C @ 10. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5 MS1072.Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 201230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups1077.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups1083.Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5MS1077.Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C
CapillaryPolymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000)1059.Cornwell and Cordano, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone1068.Spieksma, 1999Program: not specified
CapillarySE-301059.Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996Program: not specified
CapillarySE-301064.Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1011067.Matisová, Juranyiová, et al., 199152. m/0.25 mm/0.38 μm, H2; Program: 70 - 160 C at 1.5 deg/min; 160 - 280 C at 15 deg/min 15 min at 280 C
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.1073.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.1066.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1321.Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997 

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBP-201323.Rodrigues, Caldera, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (1 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (2 min) 1.7 0C/min -> 180 0C (1 min) 25 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101341.Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 200530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1344.Cornwell and Cordano, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1321.Ivanciuc, Ivanciuc, et al., 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryPEG-20M1344.Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Good, 1975
Good, W.D., The standard enthalpies of combustion and formation of n-butylbenzene, the dimethylethylbenzenes, and the tetramethylbenzenes in the condensed state, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1975, 7, 49-59. [all data]

Prosen, Johnson, et al., 1946
Prosen, E.J.; Johnson, W.H.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion and formation at 25°C of the alkylbenzenes through C10H14, and of the higher normal monoalkylbenzenes, J. Res. NBS, 1946, 36, 455-461. [all data]

Birch, Dean, et al., 1949
Birch, S.F.; Dean, R.A.; Fidler, F.A.; Lowry, R.A., The preparation of the c(10) monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1949, 71, 1362. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Kusakov, et al., 1963
Kusakov, M.M., et al., Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Aromatic Hydrocarbons, 1963, 80. [all data]

Zhu, Zhang, et al., 1999
Zhu, X.; Zhang, L.; Chen, J.; Wang, L.; Che, X., The application quantitative structure-retention relationship of GC to aid MS qualitative analysis, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 1999, 17, 4, 351-353. [all data]

Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995
Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche, The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1995, 18, 7, 403-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240180703 . [all data]

Zhang, Li, et al., 1992
Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 1992, 33, 3/4, 138-146, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275894 . [all data]

Matisová and Kurán, 1990
Matisová, E.; Kurán, P., Reproducibility of retention indices measurement of alkylbenzenes on crosslinked methyl silicone phase fused silica capillaries, Chromatographia, 1990, 30, 5/6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02319717 . [all data]

Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989
Matisová, E.; Kovacicová, E.; Ha, P.T.; Kolek, E.; Engewald, W., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. II. Retention indices on OV-101 columns and retention-molecular structure correlations, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 475, 2, 113-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)89667-9 . [all data]

Matisová, Moravcová, et al., 1988
Matisová, E.; Moravcová, A.; Krupcík; Cellár, P.; Leclercq, P.A., Problems with the reproducibility of retention data on capillary columns with hydrocarbon C87 as the stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 1988, 454, 65-71, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)88602-1 . [all data]

Matisová, Rukríglová, et al., 1988
Matisová, E.; Rukríglová, M.; Krupcík, J.; Kovacicová, E.; Holotík, S., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. I. OV-101 as stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 1988, 455, 301-309, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)82129-4 . [all data]

Tóth, 1983
Tóth, T., Use of capillary gas chromatography in collecting retention and chemical information for the analysis of complex petrochemical mixtures, J. Chromatogr., 1983, 279, 157-165, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)93614-3 . [all data]

Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979
Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V., The use of retention indices for identifying the components of crude benzene, Solid Fuel Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1979, 13, 3, 82-87. [all data]

Engewald and Wennrich, 1976
Engewald, W.; Wennrich, L., Molekülstruktur und Retentionsverhalten. VIII. Zum Retentionsverhalten höherer Alkylbenzole bei der Gas-Verteilungs-Chromatographie, Chromatographia, 1976, 9, 11, 540-547, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275960 . [all data]

Soják and Rijks, 1976
Soják, L.; Rijks, J.A., Capillary gas chromatography of alkylbenzenes. I. Some problems encountered with the precision of the retention indcies of alkylbenzenes, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 119, 505-521, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86812-0 . [all data]

Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974
Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Gas chromatographic analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures, J. Chromatogr. A, 1974, 91, 633-648, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97944-0 . [all data]

Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D., Kovats Retention Indices in the Identification of Alkylbenzene Degradation Products, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 677-689, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97947-6 . [all data]

Wang, Fingas, et al., 1994
Wang, Z.; Fingas, M.; Li, K., Fractionation of a light crude oil and identification and quantitation of aliphatic, aromatic, and biomarker comopunds by GC-FID and GC-MS, Part II, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1994, 32, 9, 367-382, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/32.9.367 . [all data]

Hayes and Pitzer, 1982
Hayes, P.C., Jr.; Pitzer, E.W., Characterizing petroleum- and shale-derived jet fuel distillates via temperature-programmed Kováts indices, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 253, 179-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88376-X . [all data]

Louis, 1971
Louis, R., Kovats-index-tafeln zur gaschromatographischen analyse von kohlenwasserstoffgemischen, Erdoel Kohle Erdgas Petrochem., 1971, 24, 2, 88-94. [all data]

Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997
Haagen-Smit Laboratory, Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22. [all data]

Hoekman, 1993
Hoekman, S.K., Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions, J. Chromatogr., 1993, 639, 2, 239-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(93)80260-F . [all data]

Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998
Egazaryants, S.V.; Maximov, A.L., Analysis of Gasoline Fractions by Capillary GC in 20th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography, 1998, 1-6. [all data]

Döring, Estel, et al., 1974
Döring, C.E.; Estel, D.; Fischer, R., Kapillar-gaschromatographische Charakterisierung von C10-bis C12-Aromaten, J. Prakt. Chem., 1974, 316, 1, 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1002/prac.19743160102 . [all data]

Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003
Censullo, A.C.; Jones, D.R.; Wills, M.T., Speciation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in solventborne aerosol coatings by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography, J. Coat. Technol., 2003, 75, 936, 47-53, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02697922 . [all data]

Martos, Saraullo, et al., 1997
Martos, P.A.; Saraullo, A.; Pawliszyn, J., Estimation of air/coating distribution coefficients for solid phase microextraction using retention indexes from linear temperature-programmed capillary gas chromatography. Application to the sampling and analysis of total petroleum hydrocarbons in air, Anal. Chem., 1997, 69, 3, 402-408, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac960633p . [all data]

Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 1992
Olson, K.L.; Sinkevitch, R.M.; Sloane, T.M., Speciation and Quantitation of Hydrocarbons in Gasoline Engine Exhaust, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1992, 30, 12, 500-508, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/30.12.500 . [all data]

White, Douglas, et al., 1992
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Notes

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