Chlorine anion

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
S°gas,1 bar36.654cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1982

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

Chlorine anion + Water = (Chlorine anion • Water)

By formula: Cl- + H2O = (Cl- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15. ± 5.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 11 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19. ± 3.cal/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9. ± 4.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: Cl- + CH4O = (Cl- • CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17. ± 3.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.6cal/mol*KHPMSEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°14.8cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.1 ± 0.8kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: Cl- + HCl = (Cl- • HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.6 ± 1.0kcal/molN/AMetz, Kitsopoulos, et al., 1988gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
ΔrH°23.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.70 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°20.4kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)H2O/HCl, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.3cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)SO2; M
ΔrS°23.5cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.5cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°22.8cal/mol*KN/AUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)H2O/HCl, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°16.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1987gas phase; K = 0.60 for HCl..Cl- + DCL <=> DCl..Cl- + HCl, anchored to Larson and McMahon, 1984, 32; B
ΔrG°17.1 ± 2.6kcal/molTDEqCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°16.70 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B
ΔrG°13.6kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)H2O/HCl, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M

Chlorine anion + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: Cl- + O2S = (Cl- • O2S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°20.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrH°22.2 ± 2.2kcal/molTDEqBohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; Relative to HOH..Cl- in Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980; B,M
ΔrH°21.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°20.9kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.6cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.1cal/mol*KN/ABohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)H2O), Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M
ΔrS°20.8cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°15.7 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°14.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°15.0 ± 1.6kcal/molTDEqBohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; Relative to HOH..Cl- in Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980; B,M
ΔrG°14.80 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B
ΔrG°14.7kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
14.2296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)H2O; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene = (Chlorine anion • Benzene)

By formula: Cl- + C6H6 = (Cl- • C6H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.00 ± 0.46kcal/molN/ATschurl, Ueberfluss, et al., 2007gas phase; B
ΔrH°9.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°9.90kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.7kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrH°10.4kcal/molPHPMSSunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°17.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°17.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°17.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ASunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°4.0 ± 2.6kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.8 ± 1.6kcal/molIMREChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°3.80kcal/molIMREFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
3.6300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
3.8300.PHPMSChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; M
3.8300.PHPMSSunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 3Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 2H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.3cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.4cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.0 ± 0.5kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • Acetonitrile)

By formula: Cl- + C2H3N = (Cl- • C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°15.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°15.7cal/mol*KPHPMSYamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°14.3cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°14.3cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M
ΔrS°21.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.20 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.9 ± 2.6kcal/molTDAsYamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.10 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 2Water)

By formula: (Cl- • H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13. ± 1.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.4cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.5cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.8cal/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.50kcal/molTDAsKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.5 ± 1.4kcal/molTDAsPayzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.50kcal/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.7kcal/molFAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanol, 2-methyl- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanol, 2-methyl-)

By formula: Cl- + C4H10O = (Cl- • C4H10O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19. ± 4.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.4cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.0cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°27.cal/mol*KPHPMSKebarle, 1977gas phase; M
ΔrS°10.3cal/mol*KN/AYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.58kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°12.30 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°11.60kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°11.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°11.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Benzonitrile, 4-hydroxy- = (Chlorine anion • Benzonitrile, 4-hydroxy-)

By formula: Cl- + C7H5NO = (Cl- • C7H5NO)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°35.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M,M
ΔrH°35.3kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°28.cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-Cl-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°26.cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-F-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°27.3 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
24.7423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
26.2300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-Cl-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
25.8300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-F-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Acetone = (Chlorine anion • Acetone)

By formula: Cl- + C3H6O = (Cl- • C3H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.2cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°17.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.7cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.08 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.30kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Morise, et al., 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.80 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°7.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Trichloromethane = (Chlorine anion • Trichloromethane)

By formula: Cl- + CHCl3 = (Cl- • CHCl3)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°19.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°18.10kcal/molMoblGiles and Grimsrud, 1993gas phase; B
ΔrH°18.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°19.10 ± 0.70kcal/molTDEqDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
ΔrS°24.5cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; M
ΔrS°14.8cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11. ± 1.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Phenol = (Chlorine anion • Phenol)

By formula: Cl- + C6H6O = (Cl- • C6H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°26.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B
ΔrH°27.4kcal/molPHPMSKebarle, 1977gas phase; M
ΔrH°26.5kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrH°19.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.0cal/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KPHPMSKebarle, 1977gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°15.5cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B
ΔrG°18.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B
ΔrG°14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.9423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, chloro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5Cl = (Cl- • C6H5Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.00 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°13.6 ± 1.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°12.6kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°16.5cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.10 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.9 ± 1.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrG°6.50kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
6.6300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
6.5300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

(Chlorine anion • 3Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 4Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 3H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°9.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°10.6 ± 0.3kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrH°10.90 ± 0.70kcal/molTDAsKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°11.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.8cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.8cal/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.50kcal/molTDAsKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.40kcal/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Chloromethane = (Chlorine anion • Chloromethane)

By formula: Cl- + CH3Cl = (Cl- • CH3Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.4 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°11.7 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°12.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.60 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°15.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.5cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°15.3cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.84kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°4.10 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Formic acid = (Chlorine anion • Formic acid)

By formula: Cl- + CH2O2 = (Cl- • CH2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°27.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°27.7 ± 2.1kcal/molCIDTWalker and Sunderlin, 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°25.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°37.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; In serious disagreement with other's values. Source of error not obvious.; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.5cal/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°39.6cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°20.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B
ΔrG°18.4 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°25.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; In serious disagreement with other's values. Source of error not obvious.; B

Chlorine anion + Phenol, 4-chloro- = (Chlorine anion • Phenol, 4-chloro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5ClO = (Cl- • C6H5ClO)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M
ΔrH°30.1kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°26.3cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°22.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
19.5423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
21.0300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Phenol, 4-fluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Phenol, 4-fluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5FO = (Cl- • C6H5FO)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°27.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M
ΔrH°28.6kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°25.3cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°20.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
18.0423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
19.3300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Ethanol = (Chlorine anion • Ethanol)

By formula: Cl- + C2H6O = (Cl- • C2H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.90 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°17.60 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°17.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.65kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.4 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
10.0295.ICRRiveros, 1974gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3OH; Riveros, Breda, et al., 1973; M

(Chlorine anion • Methyl Alcohol) + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • 2Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: (Cl- • CH4O) + CH4O = (Cl- • 2CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.10 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°13.70 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°14.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°13.00 ± 0.70kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.2cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KHPMSEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.30kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.10kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.20 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 2Methyl Alcohol) + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • 3Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: (Cl- • 2CH4O) + CH4O = (Cl- • 3CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.50 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.80 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°11.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.30 ± 0.60kcal/molN/AYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.7cal/mol*KHPMSEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.6cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.06kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.00kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.9 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°5.20 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Benzene, nitro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, nitro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5NO2 = (Cl- • C6H5NO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.3 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°16.5kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°19.4cal/mol*KPHPMSChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.5 ± 1.6kcal/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.10kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
10.5300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
7.7300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Borane, triethyl- = (Chlorine anion • Borane, triethyl-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H15B = (Cl- • C6H15B)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.8kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°17.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen cation = Hydrogen chloride

By formula: Cl- + H+ = HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°333.40kcal/molN/AMartin and Hepburn, 1998gas phase; Given: ΔHacid(0K)=116288.7±0.6 cm-1, or 332.486±0.002 kcal/mol; B
ΔrH°333.6 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSFujio, McIver, et al., 1981gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
ΔrH°329.10kcal/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; FeCC-(q); ; ΔS(EA)=5.0; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°328.10 ± 0.10kcal/molH-TSMartin and Hepburn, 1998gas phase; Given: ΔHacid(0K)=116288.7±0.6 cm-1, or 332.486±0.002 kcal/mol; B
ΔrG°328.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREFujio, McIver, et al., 1981gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
ΔrG°323.70kcal/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; FeCC-(q); ; ΔS(EA)=5.0; B

Chlorine anion + Acetic acid = (Chlorine anion • Acetic acid)

By formula: Cl- + C2H4O2 = (Cl- • C2H4O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.40 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°21.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°19.3cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°18.60 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°15.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Ammonia = (Chlorine anion • Ammonia)

By formula: Cl- + H3N = (Cl- • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°<7.30 ± 0.40kcal/molN/ATschurl and Boesl, 2008gas phase; B
ΔrH°8.20 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.9 ± 1.2kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Chesnovsky, et al., 1993gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.5 ± 4.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°15.4cal/mol*KHPMSEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3F, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.60 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + p-Cresol = (Chlorine anion • p-Cresol)

By formula: Cl- + C7H8O = (Cl- • C7H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°25.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M
ΔrH°25.9kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°26.7cal/mol*KPHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.3423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
16.6300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Isopropyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • Isopropyl Alcohol)

By formula: Cl- + C3H8O = (Cl- • C3H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19.40 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°18.3 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°17.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.32kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.90kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • 6Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 7Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 6H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 7H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B
ΔrH°6.90kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°8.1kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B

Chlorine anion + Methylene chloride = (Chlorine anion • Methylene chloride)

By formula: Cl- + CH2Cl2 = (Cl- • CH2Cl2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°15.50 ± 0.30kcal/molTDEqDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Kebarle, 1977; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°8.84kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.90 ± 0.60kcal/molTDEqDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Phosphorus trifluoride = (Chlorine anion • Phosphorus trifluoride)

By formula: Cl- + F3P = (Cl- • F3P)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrH°15.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + 1-Propanol = (Chlorine anion • 1-Propanol)

By formula: Cl- + C3H8O = (Cl- • C3H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.40 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°17.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.0cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.70kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°11.7 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: Cl- + CHN = (Cl- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°21.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°21.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.9cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.7cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°16.2 ± 1.6kcal/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°13.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: Cl- + CO2 = (Cl- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.80 ± 0.50kcal/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
ΔrH°7.60kcal/molTDEqHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.00 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.2cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.10kcal/molTDEqHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°2.10 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Methyl Alcohol) + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • 4Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CH4O) + CH4O = (Cl- • 4CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.5 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°10.50kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrH°11.20 ± 0.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°26.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.70kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.30 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 4Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 5Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 4H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.5 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°6.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°9.5 ± 0.3kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.0 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°2.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C3F6O = (Cl- • C3F6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°28.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrH°22.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°16.3kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 3gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(C2H5)3B; M

(Chlorine anion • 3Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 4Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 3C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 4C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.90 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°9.00 ± 0.80kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°6.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.6cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°10.8cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.9 ± 1.2kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.00kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C3HF5O = (Cl- • C3HF5O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrH°23.4kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.2 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 3gas phase; B,M,M

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C3H2F6O = (Cl- • C3H2F6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CF3)2CH3COH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CF3)2CH3COH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19.0kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CF3)2CH3COH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 3Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 2C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 3C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.20 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.00 ± 0.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.1cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.3 ± 1.3kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Carbon disulfide = (Chlorine anion • Carbon disulfide)

By formula: Cl- + CS2 = (Cl- • CS2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°11.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°13.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°4.6 ± 2.2kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; B
ΔrG°5.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 2Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 2C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.50 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.00 ± 0.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°12.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°16.3cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°18.9cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.6 ± 1.2kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + C4H4F6O = (Chlorine anion • C4H4F6O)

By formula: Cl- + C4H4F6O = (Cl- • C4H4F6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)HCOOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)HCOOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19.0kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)HCOOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M

(Chlorine anion • 5Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 6Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 5H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°8.50kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°8.8 ± 0.4kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.2cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.4 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Methane, bromo- = (Chlorine anion • Methane, bromo-)

By formula: Cl- + CH3Br = (Cl- • CH3Br)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.5 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.90 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.2 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRBRiveros, Breda, et al., 1973gas phase; Anchored: Larson and McMahon, 1984, 3; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°12.8cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.1 ± 1.2kcal/molTDAsDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Hydrogen chloride) + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • 2Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • HCl) + HCl = (Cl- • 2HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.20 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°14.0kcal/molPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; switching reaction(Cl- HCl)SO2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.4cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; switching reaction(Cl- HCl)SO2; M
ΔrS°24.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.90 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Cl4Th = (Chlorine anion • Cl4Th)

By formula: Cl- + Cl4Th = (Cl- • Cl4Th)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.6kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + C2H3ClO2 = (Chlorine anion • C2H3ClO2)

By formula: Cl- + C2H3ClO2 = (Cl- • C2H3ClO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.1kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.8kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Protonation reactions

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen cation = Hydrogen chloride

By formula: Cl- + H+ = HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°333.40kcal/molN/AMartin and Hepburn, 1998gas phase; Given: ΔHacid(0K)=116288.7±0.6 cm-1, or 332.486±0.002 kcal/mol
ΔrH°333.6 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSFujio, McIver, et al., 1981gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale
ΔrH°329.10kcal/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; FeCC-(q); ; ΔS(EA)=5.0
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°328.10 ± 0.10kcal/molH-TSMartin and Hepburn, 1998gas phase; Given: ΔHacid(0K)=116288.7±0.6 cm-1, or 332.486±0.002 kcal/mol
ΔrG°328.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREFujio, McIver, et al., 1981gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale
ΔrG°323.70kcal/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; FeCC-(q); ; ΔS(EA)=5.0

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

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Notes

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