Chlorine anion

Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
S°gas,1 bar36.654cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1982

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

Chlorine anion + Water = (Chlorine anion • Water)

By formula: Cl- + H2O = (Cl- • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15. ± 5.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 11 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19. ± 3.cal/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9. ± 4.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: Cl- + CH4O = (Cl- • CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17. ± 3.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.6cal/mol*KHPMSEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°14.8cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.1 ± 0.8kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: Cl- + HCl = (Cl- • HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.6 ± 1.0kcal/molN/AMetz, Kitsopoulos, et al., 1988gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
ΔrH°23.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.70 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°20.4kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)H2O/HCl, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.3cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)SO2; M
ΔrS°23.5cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.5cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°22.8cal/mol*KN/AUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)H2O/HCl, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°16.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1987gas phase; K = 0.60 for HCl..Cl- + DCL <=> DCl..Cl- + HCl, anchored to Larson and McMahon, 1984, 32; B
ΔrG°17.1 ± 2.6kcal/molTDEqCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°16.70 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B
ΔrG°13.6kcal/molHPMSUpschulte, Evans, et al., 1986gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)H2O/HCl, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M

Chlorine anion + Sulfur dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: Cl- + O2S = (Cl- • O2S)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°22.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°20.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrH°22.2 ± 2.2kcal/molTDEqBohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; Relative to HOH..Cl- in Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980; B,M
ΔrH°21.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°20.9kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.6cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.1cal/mol*KN/ABohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)H2O), Entropy change calculated or estimated; Keesee and Castleman, 1980; M
ΔrS°20.8cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°15.7 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°14.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°15.0 ± 1.6kcal/molTDEqBohringer, Fahey, et al., 1984gas phase; Relative to HOH..Cl- in Keesee, Lee, et al., 1980; B,M
ΔrG°14.80 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B
ΔrG°14.7kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
14.2296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)H2O; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene = (Chlorine anion • Benzene)

By formula: Cl- + C6H6 = (Cl- • C6H6)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.00 ± 0.46kcal/molN/ATschurl, Ueberfluss, et al., 2007gas phase; B
ΔrH°9.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°9.90kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.7kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrH°10.4kcal/molPHPMSSunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°17.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°17.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°17.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ASunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°4.0 ± 2.6kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.8 ± 1.6kcal/molIMREChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°3.80kcal/molIMREFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
3.6300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
3.8300.PHPMSChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; M
3.8300.PHPMSSunner, Nishizawa, et al., 1981gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 3Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 2H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.3cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.4cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.0 ± 0.5kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • Acetonitrile)

By formula: Cl- + C2H3N = (Cl- • C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°15.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°15.7cal/mol*KPHPMSYamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°14.3cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°14.3cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M
ΔrS°21.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.20 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.9 ± 2.6kcal/molTDAsYamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.10 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 2Water)

By formula: (Cl- • H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°13. ± 1.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.4cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.5cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.8cal/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.50kcal/molTDAsKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.5 ± 1.4kcal/molTDAsPayzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.50kcal/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.7kcal/molFAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1974gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanol, 2-methyl- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanol, 2-methyl-)

By formula: Cl- + C4H10O = (Cl- • C4H10O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19. ± 4.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°27.4cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.0cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°27.cal/mol*KPHPMSKebarle, 1977gas phase; M
ΔrS°10.3cal/mol*KN/AYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.58kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°12.30 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°11.60kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°11.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°11.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Benzonitrile, 4-hydroxy- = (Chlorine anion • Benzonitrile, 4-hydroxy-)

By formula: Cl- + C7H5NO = (Cl- • C7H5NO)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°35.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M,M
ΔrH°35.3kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°28.cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-Cl-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°26.cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-F-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°27.3 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
24.7423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
26.2300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-Cl-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
25.8300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)4-F-phenol, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Acetone = (Chlorine anion • Acetone)

By formula: Cl- + C3H6O = (Cl- • C3H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14. ± 2.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.2cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°17.1cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Takimoto, et al., 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.7cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°8.08 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.30kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Morise, et al., 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.80 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°7.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Trichloromethane = (Chlorine anion • Trichloromethane)

By formula: Cl- + CHCl3 = (Cl- • CHCl3)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°19.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°18.10kcal/molMoblGiles and Grimsrud, 1993gas phase; B
ΔrH°18.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°19.10 ± 0.70kcal/molTDEqDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; From thermochemical cycle(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
ΔrS°24.5cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; M
ΔrS°14.8cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11. ± 1.kcal/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Chlorine anion + Phenol = (Chlorine anion • Phenol)

By formula: Cl- + C6H6O = (Cl- • C6H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°26.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B
ΔrH°27.4kcal/molPHPMSKebarle, 1977gas phase; M
ΔrH°26.5kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrH°19.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.0cal/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KPHPMSKebarle, 1977gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°15.5cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B
ΔrG°18.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B
ΔrG°14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.9423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + Benzene, chloro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, chloro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5Cl = (Cl- • C6H5Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.00 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°13.6 ± 1.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°12.6kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°16.5cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.4cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.10 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.9 ± 1.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrG°6.50kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
6.6300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
6.5300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

(Chlorine anion • 3Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 4Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 3H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°9.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°10.6 ± 0.3kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrH°10.90 ± 0.70kcal/molTDAsKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°11.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.8cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; M
ΔrS°25.8cal/mol*KHPMSArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.50kcal/molTDAsKeesee and Castleman, 1980gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.40kcal/molTDAsArshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Chloromethane = (Chlorine anion • Chloromethane)

By formula: Cl- + CH3Cl = (Cl- • CH3Cl)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.4 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°11.7 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°12.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.60 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°15.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.5cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°15.3cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.84kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.1 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°4.10 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Formic acid = (Chlorine anion • Formic acid)

By formula: Cl- + CH2O2 = (Cl- • CH2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°27.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°27.7 ± 2.1kcal/molCIDTWalker and Sunderlin, 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°25.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°37.2 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; In serious disagreement with other's values. Source of error not obvious.; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.5cal/mol*KPHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°39.6cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°20.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B
ΔrG°18.4 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°25.4 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; In serious disagreement with other's values. Source of error not obvious.; B

Chlorine anion + Phenol, 4-chloro- = (Chlorine anion • Phenol, 4-chloro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5ClO = (Cl- • C6H5ClO)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M
ΔrH°30.1kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°26.3cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°22.1 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
19.5423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
21.0300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Phenol, 4-fluoro- = (Chlorine anion • Phenol, 4-fluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5FO = (Cl- • C6H5FO)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°27.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M
ΔrH°28.6kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°25.3cal/mol*KN/ACummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°20.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
18.0423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
19.3300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)C6H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Ethanol = (Chlorine anion • Ethanol)

By formula: Cl- + C2H6O = (Cl- • C2H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°17.90 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°17.60 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°17.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.65kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.5 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.4 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
10.0295.ICRRiveros, 1974gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3OH; Riveros, Breda, et al., 1973; M

(Chlorine anion • Methyl Alcohol) + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • 2Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: (Cl- • CH4O) + CH4O = (Cl- • 2CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.10 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°13.70 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°14.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°13.00 ± 0.70kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.2cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KHPMSEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.30kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.10kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.20 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 2Methyl Alcohol) + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • 3Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: (Cl- • 2CH4O) + CH4O = (Cl- • 3CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.50 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.80 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°11.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.30 ± 0.60kcal/molN/AYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°22.7cal/mol*KHPMSEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.6cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.06kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.00kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.9 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°5.20 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Benzene, nitro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzene, nitro-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H5NO2 = (Cl- • C6H5NO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°16.3 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°16.5kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°19.4cal/mol*KPHPMSChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°10.5 ± 1.6kcal/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.10kcal/molTDEqFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
10.5300.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; from Ph. D. thesis of S. Chowdhury, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
7.7300.PHPMSFrench, Ikuta, et al., 1982gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Borane, triethyl- = (Chlorine anion • Borane, triethyl-)

By formula: Cl- + C6H15B = (Cl- • C6H15B)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.8kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°17.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen cation = Hydrogen chloride

By formula: Cl- + H+ = HCl

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°333.40kcal/molN/AMartin and Hepburn, 1998gas phase; Given: ΔHacid(0K)=116288.7±0.6 cm-1, or 332.486±0.002 kcal/mol; B
ΔrH°333.6 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSFujio, McIver, et al., 1981gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
ΔrH°329.10kcal/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; FeCC-(q); ; ΔS(EA)=5.0; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°328.10 ± 0.10kcal/molH-TSMartin and Hepburn, 1998gas phase; Given: ΔHacid(0K)=116288.7±0.6 cm-1, or 332.486±0.002 kcal/mol; B
ΔrG°328.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREFujio, McIver, et al., 1981gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
ΔrG°323.70kcal/molN/ACheck, Faust, et al., 2001gas phase; FeCC-(q); ; ΔS(EA)=5.0; B

Chlorine anion + Acetic acid = (Chlorine anion • Acetic acid)

By formula: Cl- + C2H4O2 = (Cl- • C2H4O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.40 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°21.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°23.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KPHPMSSieck, 1985gas phase; M
ΔrS°24.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
ΔrS°19.3cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°18.60 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsSieck, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°15.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1971gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Ammonia = (Chlorine anion • Ammonia)

By formula: Cl- + H3N = (Cl- • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°<7.30 ± 0.40kcal/molN/ATschurl and Boesl, 2008gas phase; B
ΔrH°8.20 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.9 ± 1.2kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Chesnovsky, et al., 1993gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.5 ± 4.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°15.4cal/mol*KHPMSEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CH3F, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.60 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsEvans, Keesee, et al., 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + p-Cresol = (Chlorine anion • p-Cresol)

By formula: Cl- + C7H8O = (Cl- • C7H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°25.6 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B,M
ΔrH°25.9kcal/molPHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.cal/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
ΔrS°26.7cal/mol*KPHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDEqCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.3423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1990gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
16.6300.PHPMSCummings, French, et al., 1977gas phase; M

Chlorine anion + Isopropyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • Isopropyl Alcohol)

By formula: Cl- + C3H8O = (Cl- • C3H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°19.40 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrH°18.3 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°17.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°24.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.32kcal/molTDAsBogdanov, Peschke, et al., 1999gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.90kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • 6Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 7Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 6H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 7H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B
ΔrH°6.90kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°8.1kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/AHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; Estimated entropy; single temperature measurement; B

Chlorine anion + Methylene chloride = (Chlorine anion • Methylene chloride)

By formula: Cl- + CH2Cl2 = (Cl- • CH2Cl2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°14.8 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrH°15.50 ± 0.30kcal/molTDEqDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.1cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Kebarle, 1977; M
ΔrS°22.0cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°8.84kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuno, et al., 2001gas phase; B
ΔrG°8.90 ± 0.60kcal/molTDEqDougherty, Dalton, et al., 1974gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Phosphorus trifluoride = (Chlorine anion • Phosphorus trifluoride)

By formula: Cl- + F3P = (Cl- • F3P)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.5 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrH°15.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°9.2 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B
ΔrG°9.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

Chlorine anion + 1-Propanol = (Chlorine anion • 1-Propanol)

By formula: Cl- + C3H8O = (Cl- • C3H8O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°20.40 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°17.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°29.0cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.2cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°11.70kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°11.7 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°10.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Hydrogen cyanide = (Chlorine anion • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: Cl- + CHN = (Cl- • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°21.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B,B,M
ΔrH°21.0 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.9cal/mol*KPHPMSMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; M
ΔrS°23.7cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°16.2 ± 1.6kcal/molTDAsMeot-ner, Cybulski, et al., 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsMeot-ner, 1988gas phase; B
ΔrG°13.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + Carbon dioxide = (Chlorine anion • Carbon dioxide)

By formula: Cl- + CO2 = (Cl- • CO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°6.80 ± 0.50kcal/molPDisArnold, Bradforth, et al., 1995gas phase; Affinity: shift in apparent EA from lesser-solvated ion. Ignores any neutral-neutral bond.; B
ΔrH°7.60kcal/molTDEqHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°8.00 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°18.2cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; M
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KHPMSKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.10kcal/molTDEqHiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986gas phase; B
ΔrG°2.10 ± 0.10kcal/molTDAsKeesee, Lee, et al., 1980gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 3Methyl Alcohol) + Methyl Alcohol = (Chlorine anion • 4Methyl Alcohol)

By formula: (Cl- • 3CH4O) + CH4O = (Cl- • 4CH4O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.5 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°10.50kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrH°11.20 ± 0.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; M
ΔrS°26.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.70kcal/molTDAsEvans and Keesee, 1991gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.30 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • 4Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 5Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 4H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°9.5 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°6.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°9.5 ± 0.3kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.7cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°3.0 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrG°2.9 ± 2.0kcal/molTDAsKebarle, Arshadi, et al., 1968gas phase; B,M

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C3F6O = (Cl- • C3F6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°28.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrH°22.9 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.6 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
ΔrG°16.3kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 3gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(C2H5)3B; M

(Chlorine anion • 3Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 4Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 3C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 4C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°10.90 ± 0.30kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°9.00 ± 0.80kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°6.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°26.6cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°10.8cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.9 ± 1.2kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°3.00kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanone, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C3HF5O = (Cl- • C3HF5O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.1 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrH°23.4kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°23.9cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.2 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsBofdanov and McMahon, 2002gas phase; B
ΔrG°16.3 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1984, 3gas phase; B,M,M

Chlorine anion + 2-Propanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro- = (Chlorine anion • 2-Propanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-)

By formula: Cl- + C3H2F6O = (Cl- • C3H2F6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CF3)2CH3COH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CF3)2CH3COH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19.0kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)(CF3)2CH3COH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M

(Chlorine anion • 2Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 3Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • 2C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 3C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°11.20 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.00 ± 0.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°19.6cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.1cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°5.3 ± 1.3kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°4.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Carbon disulfide = (Chlorine anion • Carbon disulfide)

By formula: Cl- + CS2 = (Cl- • CS2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°11.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°13.9cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; M
ΔrS°20.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°4.6 ± 2.2kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993gas phase; B
ΔrG°5.7 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRELarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; B,M

(Chlorine anion • Acetonitrile) + Acetonitrile = (Chlorine anion • 2Acetonitrile)

By formula: (Cl- • C2H3N) + C2H3N = (Cl- • 2C2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.50 ± 0.40kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.00 ± 0.70kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Perera, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°12.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°16.3cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
ΔrS°18.9cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.6 ± 1.2kcal/molTDAsHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; B
ΔrG°6.60kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1972gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + C4H4F6O = (Chlorine anion • C4H4F6O)

By formula: Cl- + C4H4F6O = (Cl- • C4H4F6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°26.5kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)HCOOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°25.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)HCOOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°19.0kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984, 2gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)HCOOH, Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG>, ΔrH>; Larson and McMahon, 1984; M

(Chlorine anion • 5Water) + Water = (Chlorine anion • 6Water)

By formula: (Cl- • 5H2O) + H2O = (Cl- • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°8.8 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B
ΔrH°8.50kcal/molN/AMarkovich, Pollack, et al., 1994gas phase; For photodissociation plus electron loss. Affinity is difference from lower solvated ion.; B
ΔrH°8.8 ± 0.4kcal/molPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.2cal/mol*KPHPMSHiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988, 2gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.4 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsHiraoka and Mizuse, 1987gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Methane, bromo- = (Chlorine anion • Methane, bromo-)

By formula: Cl- + CH3Br = (Cl- • CH3Br)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°12.5 ± 1.0kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrH°10.90 ± 0.50kcal/molTDAsDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°12.2 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRBRiveros, Breda, et al., 1973gas phase; Anchored: Larson and McMahon, 1984, 3; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°12.8cal/mol*KHPMSDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°6.80 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsLi, Ross, et al., 1996gas phase; B
ΔrG°7.1 ± 1.2kcal/molTDAsDougherty and Roberts, 1974gas phase; B

(Chlorine anion • Hydrogen chloride) + Hydrogen chloride = (Chlorine anion • 2Hydrogen chloride)

By formula: (Cl- • HCl) + HCl = (Cl- • 2HCl)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (negative ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.20 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B,M
ΔrH°14.0kcal/molPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; switching reaction(Cl- HCl)SO2; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°20.4cal/mol*KPHPMSCaldwell and Kebarle, 1985gas phase; switching reaction(Cl- HCl)SO2; M
ΔrS°24.4cal/mol*KPHPMSYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.90 ± 0.20kcal/molTDAsYamdagni and Kebarle, 1974gas phase; B

Chlorine anion + Cl4Th = (Chlorine anion • Cl4Th)

By formula: Cl- + Cl4Th = (Cl- • Cl4Th)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°24.2kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°22.cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°17.6kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1985gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(t-C4H9OH), Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + C2H3ClO2 = (Chlorine anion • C2H3ClO2)

By formula: Cl- + C2H3ClO2 = (Cl- • C2H3ClO2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°14.1kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°21.0cal/mol*KN/ALarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°7.8kcal/molICRLarson and McMahon, 1984gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)t-C4H9OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; French, Ikuta, et al., 1982; M

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
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Sieck, 1985
Sieck, L.W., Thermochemistry of Solvation of NO2- and C6H5NO2- by Polar Molecules in the Vapor Phase. Comparison with Cl- and Variation with Ligand Structure., J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 25, 5552, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100271a049 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
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French, Ikuta, et al., 1982
French, M.A.; Ikuta, S.; Kebarle, P., Hydrogen bonding of O-H and C-H hydrogen donors to Cl-. Results from mass spectrometric measurement of the ion-molecule equilibria RH + Cl- = RHCl-, Can. J. Chem., 1982, 60, 1907. [all data]

Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973
Yamdagni, R.; Payzant, J.D.; Kebarle, P., Solvation of Cl- and O2- with H2O, CH3OH, and CH3CN in the gas phase, Can. J. Chem., 1973, 51, 2507. [all data]

Metz, Kitsopoulos, et al., 1988
Metz, R.B.; Kitsopoulos, T.; Weaver, A.; Neumark, D.M., Study of the Transition State Region in the Cl+HCl Reaction by Photoelectron Spectroscopy of ClHCl-, J. Chem. Phys., 1988, 88, 2, 1463, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.454218 . [all data]

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Caldwell, G.; Kebarle, P., The hydrogen bond energies of the bihalide ions XHX- and YHX-, Can. J. Chem., 1985, 63, 1399. [all data]

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Larson and McMahon, 1985
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Meot-ner, M., Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 6. Interaction Energies of the Acetate Ion with Organic Molecules. Comparison of CH3COO- with Cl-, CN-, and SH-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3854, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022 . [all data]

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Arnold, D.W.; Bradforth, S.E.; Kim, E.H.; Neumark, D.M., Study of halogen carbon dioxide clusters and the fluoroformyloxyl radical by photodetachment of X(-)(CO2) (X=I,Cl,Br) and FCO2-, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 9, 3493, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.468575 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Shoda, et al., 1986
Hiraoka, K.; Shoda, T.; Morise, K.; Yamabe, S.; Kawai, E.; Hirao, K., Stability and structure of cluster ions in the gas phase: Carbon dioxide with Cl-, H3O+, HCO2+ and HCO+, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 84, 2091. [all data]

Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996
Markovich, G.; Perera, L.; Berkowitz, M.L.; Cheshnovsky, O., The Solvation of Cl-, Br-, and I- in Acetonitrile Cluster: Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations., J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 7, 2675, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.472131 . [all data]

Hiraoka, Fujimaki, et al., 1993
Hiraoka, K.; Fujimaki, S.; Aruga, K.; Yamabe, S., Bond Strengths of the Gas-Phase Cluster Ions X-(CS2)n (X = F, Cl, Br and I), Chem. Phys. Lett., 1993, 208, 5-6, 491, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(93)87178-6 . [all data]

Dougherty and Roberts, 1974
Dougherty, R.C.; Roberts, J.D., SN2 reactions in the gas phase. Nucleophilicity effects, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1974, 8, 81. [all data]

Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1011. [all data]

Notes

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