Cyclopentane, 1,2,3-trimethyl-, (1α,2α,3β)-
- Formula: C8H16
- Molecular weight: 112.2126
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VCWNHOPGKQCXIQ-RNFRBKRXSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 15890-40-1
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Species with the same structure:
- Stereoisomers:
- Other names: Cyclopentane, 1,2,3-trimethyl-, cis-1,2,trans-1,3-; trans,cis-1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentane; 1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentane, cis, trans; 1,2,3-Trimethylcyclopentane, trans, cis; 1-cis-2, trans-3-Trimethylcyclopentane; 1,trans-2,cis-3-Trimethylcyclopentane; Cyclopentane, 1,2,3-trimethyl-, cis,trans; Cyclopentane, 1,2,3-trimethyl-, trans, cis; 1-trans-2-trans-3-Trimethylcyclopentane; cis 1,2-trans-3-trimethylcyclopentane
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 390.7 | K | N/A | Glasgow, Gordon, et al., 1957 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Tboil | 391.3 | K | N/A | Koperina and Kazanskii, 1948 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.7 K; TRC |
Tboil | 390.35 | K | N/A | Fenske, Braun, et al., 1947 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Tboil | 391.3 | K | N/A | Kazanskii, Koperina, et al., 1947 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 160.25 | K | N/A | Streiff, Murphy, et al., 1946 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 9.11 | kcal/mol | N/A | Reid, 1972 | AC |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 0. | 738. | Skrbic, 1997 | |
Capillary | CP Sil 2 | 60. | 750.8 | Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 744. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 748. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 80. | 753. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 777.9 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 782.7 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 45. | 747. | Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987 | |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 52.5 | 748. | Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987 | |
Capillary | Nonpolar | 60. | 750. | Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 745.3 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 747.1 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 748.9 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 70. | 750.9 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 747.8 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 778.8 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 30. | 742. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 744. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 746. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 748. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 70. | 750. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-101 | 80. | 752. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 779. | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 779.2 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | 60. m/0.259 mm/1. μm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 749.4 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 749.6 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | 60. m/0.259 mm/1. μm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 747. | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.20 μm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 747. | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | 55. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
Capillary | SF-96 | 50. | 747. | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | 91.4 m/0.31 mm/0.20 μm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 783.1 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 738.4 | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 780.2 | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 35. | 772. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 45. | 775. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 50. | 776. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 58. | 779. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 68. | 782. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Packed | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 35. | 775. | Sidorov, Ivanova, et al., 1971 | |
Packed | SE-30 | 130. | 798. | Mitra and Saha, 1970 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m |
Packed | Squalane | 27. | 774. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 49. | 779. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 67. | 783. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 86. | 788. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Petrocol DH-100 | 772.7 | Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997 | He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min) |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 775.0 | Yin, Liu, et al., 2001 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 744.9 | Yin, Liu, et al., 2001 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 742.04 | Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 774. | Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 1992 | 4. K/min; Tstart: -40. C; Tend: 230. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 789. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 776. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 783. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 746. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 751. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 743. | Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 780. | Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 736. | Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Squalane | 747.2 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.1 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 748.1 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.2 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 749.5 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.4 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 750.7 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.6 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 751.6 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.8 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 752.7 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 778.2 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.1 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 779.6 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.2 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 781.9 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.4 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 783.7 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.6 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 785.2 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 0.8 K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 786.5 | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986 | 1. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 778. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.1 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 775. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.2 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 782. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.4 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 783. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.6 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 785. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.8 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 786. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 1.0 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 747. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.1 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 748. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.2 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 749. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.4 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 750. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.6 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 751. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 0.8 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Capillary | Squalane | 752. | Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2 | 1.0 K/min; Column length: 180. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 40. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 772. | Spieksma, 1999 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Glasgow, Gordon, et al., 1957
Glasgow, A.R.; Gordon, R.J.; Willingham, C.B.; Mair, B.J.; Rossini, F.D.,
Hydrocarbons in the 116 deg C to 126 deg C Fraction of Petroleum,
Anal. Chem., 1957, 29, 357. [all data]
Koperina and Kazanskii, 1948
Koperina, A.V.; Kazanskii, B.A.,
1,2,3-TRimethylcyclpentane,
Izv. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., 1948, 1948, 302-10. [all data]
Fenske, Braun, et al., 1947
Fenske, M.R.; Braun, W.G.; Wiegand, R.V.; Quiggle, D.; McCormick, R.H.; Rank, D.H.,
Raman Spectra of Hydrocarbons,
Anal. Chem., 1947, 19, 700. [all data]
Kazanskii, Koperina, et al., 1947
Kazanskii, B.A.; Koperina, A.V.; Batu'ev, M.I.,
Synthesis and Properties of Stereoisomeric 1,2,4-Trimethylcyclopentanes,
Doklady Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., 1947, 56, 819-22. [all data]
Streiff, Murphy, et al., 1946
Streiff, A.J.; Murphy, E.T.; Cahill, J.C.; Soule, L.F.; Sedlak, V.A.; Willingham, C.B.; Rossini, F.D.,
, Am. Pet. Inst. Res. Proj. 6, unpublished, Natl. Bur. Stand., 1946. [all data]
Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C.,
Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00,
AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637
. [all data]
Skrbic, 1997
Skrbic, B.D.,
Unified retention concept -- statistical treatment of Kováts retention index,
J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 764, 2, 257-264, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00955-7
. [all data]
Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995
Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche,
The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1995, 18, 7, 403-412, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240180703
. [all data]
Laub and Purnell, 1988
Laub, R.J.; Purnell, J.H.,
Specific retention volumes, retention indices, and family-plot regressions of aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic hydrocarbon solutes with OV-101 poly (dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1988, 11, 9, 649-660, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110908
. [all data]
Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L.,
Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]
Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987
Stoyanov, E.; Dimov, N.,
Precalculation of the optimum column temperature for gas chromatographic separation of petroleum fractions,
Anal. Chim. Acta., 1987, 201, 207-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85338-6
. [all data]
Boneva and Dimov, 1986
Boneva, S.; Dimov, N.,
Unified retention index of hydrocarbons separated on dimethylsilicone OV-101,
Chromatographia, 1986, 21, 12, 697-700, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02313682
. [all data]
Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986
Krupcik, J.; Cellar, P.; Repka, D.; Garaj, J.; Guiochon, G.,
Use of Kováts retention indices for characterization of solutes in linear temperature-programmed capillary gas-liquid chromatography,
J. Chromatogr., 1986, 351, 111-121, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)83477-4
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Chien, Furio, et al., 1983
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J.,
Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-101 and SP-2100 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 10, 577-580, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061013
. [all data]
Lubeck and Sutton, 1983
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL.,
Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060612
. [all data]
Johansen and Ettre, 1982
Johansen, N.G.; Ettre, L.S.,
Retention index values of hydrocarbons on open-tubular columns coated with methylsilicone liquid phases,
Chromatographia, 1982, 15, 10, 625-630, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02279488
. [all data]
Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979
Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V.,
The use of retention indices for identifying the components of crude benzene,
Solid Fuel Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1979, 13, 3, 82-87. [all data]
Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976
Lulova, N.I.; Leont'eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N.,
Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines
in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53. [all data]
Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P.,
Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography
in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25. [all data]
Sidorov, Ivanova, et al., 1971
Sidorov, R.I.; Ivanova, M.P.; Petrova, V.I.,
Temperature dependence of cycloalkane's retention and its using in identification of structure,
Gazovaya Khromatografiya, 1971, 15, 18-26. [all data]
Mitra and Saha, 1970
Mitra, G.D.; Saha, N.C.,
Determination of Retention Indices of Saturated Hydrocarbons by Graphical Methods,
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. [all data]
Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E.,
Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates,
J. Gas Chromatogr., 1968, 6, 4, 203-217, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/6.4.203
. [all data]
Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997
Haagen-Smit Laboratory,
Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22. [all data]
Yin, Liu, et al., 2001
Yin, C.; Liu, W.; Li, Z.; Pan, Z.; Lin, T.; Zhang, M.,
Chemometrics to chemical modeling: structural coding in hydrocarbons and retention indices of gas chromatography,
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Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994
Subramaniam, B.; Bochniak, D.; Snavely, K.,
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical reaction media, Lawrence Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering (DOE/PC/92532--T7), United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, PA, 1994, 8, retrieved from http://www.NTIS.gov. [all data]
Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 1992
Olson, K.L.; Sinkevitch, R.M.; Sloane, T.M.,
Speciation and Quantitation of Hydrocarbons in Gasoline Engine Exhaust,
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Krupcik, Cellar, et al., 1986, 2
Krupcik, J.; Cellar, P.; Repka, D.,
Analyza cyklickych a aromatickych uhlovodnikov s poctom uhlikovych atomov 8 kapilarnou plynovou chromatografiou,
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Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971
Vigdergauz, M.S.; Martynov, A.A.,
Some applications of the gas chromatographic linear retention indices,
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. [all data]
Spieksma, 1999
Spieksma, W.,
Determination of vapor liquid equilibrium from the Kovats retention index on dimethylsilicone using the Wilson mixing tool,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1999, 22, 10, 565-588, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-4168(19991001)22:10<565::AID-JHRC565>3.0.CO;2-2
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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