NH4+

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

(NH4+ • 3Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 4Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 4H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51. ± 4.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 5 out of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°118. ± 8.J/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 3 out of 7 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
14.296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 3H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°50. ± 20.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°105. ± 5.J/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 7 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
27.296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973gas phase
27.296.SAMSPuckett and Teague, 1971gas phase

(NH4+ • Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°70. ± 5.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 5 out of 8 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KHPMSTang and Castleman, 1975gas phase
ΔrS°99.2J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase
ΔrS°104.J/mol*KDTLong and Franklin, 1973gas phase
ΔrS°112.J/mol*KPHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1968gas phase
ΔrS°95.8J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase; typographical error in ΔrH

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
41.296.FAFehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973gas phase; DG>
42.3296.SAMSPuckett and Teague, 1971gas phase
23.400.HPMSWincel, 1972gas phase

NH4+ + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia)

By formula: H4N+ + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°107. ± 6.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°111. ± 10.J/mol*KAVGN/AAverage of 4 out of 6 values; Individual data points

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
26.400.HPMSWincel, 1972gas phase

(NH4+ • Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 2Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°72.8kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; ΔrH?, Entropy change is questionable, appear out of line
ΔrH°57.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; ΔrH of 51.9 kJ/mol from plot is too small
ΔrH°61.5kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°120.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase; ΔrH?, Entropy change is questionable, appear out of line
ΔrS°92.0J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; ΔrH of 51.9 kJ/mol from plot is too small
ΔrS°91.6J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°37.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
19.414.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; ΔrH of 51.9 kJ/mol from plot is too small

(NH4+ • 4Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 5Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 4H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 5H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.kJ/molPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase
ΔrH°31.kJ/molPHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1968gas phase
ΔrH°30.kJ/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph
ΔrH°12.kJ/molTPEPICOKamke, Herrmann, et al., 1988gas phase
ΔrH°40.kJ/molDTLong and Franklin, 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°90.0J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KPHPMSSearles and Kebarle, 1968gas phase
ΔrS°130.J/mol*KDTLong and Franklin, 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°2.kJ/molHPMSHogg, Haynes, et al., 1966gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 3Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°57.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase
ΔrH°56.1kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
ΔrH°51.0kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°104.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase
ΔrS°105.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
ΔrS°88.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°27.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields

NH4+ + Water = (NH4+ • Water)

By formula: H4N+ + H2O = (H4N+ • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°86.2kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase
ΔrH°83.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
ΔrH°72.4kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°103.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986gas phase
ΔrS°96.7J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
ΔrS°82.4J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 3Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • 4Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3CHN • H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • 4CHN • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°36.kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, T = 392 in paper is error
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, T = 392 in paper is error

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
11.292.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, T = 392 in paper is error

(NH4+ • 3Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 4Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 4H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°45.2kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
ΔrH°51.0kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
ΔrS°114.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°21.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; electric fields

NH4+ + Cyanogen = (NH4+ • Cyanogen)

By formula: H4N+ + C2N2 = (H4N+ • C2N2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°43.5kJ/molPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG<, ΔrH<
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.J/mol*KN/ASpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG<, ΔrH<

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
13.315.PHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG<, ΔrH<

NH4+ + Cyclohexane = (NH4+ • Cyclohexane)

By formula: H4N+ + C6H12 = (H4N+ • C6H12)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°40.kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG<, ΔrH<
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG<, ΔrH<

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
12.317.PHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated, DG<, ΔrH<

(NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Hydrogen cyanide) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • 2Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • 2CHN) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • 2CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°54.0kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
28.315.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

(NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide • 2Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • 2Hydrogen cyanide • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • CHN • 2H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • 2CHN • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°46.9kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
21.315.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

(NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: (H4N+ • CHN) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°78.7kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
39.429.PHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

(NH4+ • 4Acetone) + Acetone = (NH4+ • 5Acetone)

By formula: (H4N+ • 4C3H6O) + C3H6O = (H4N+ • 5C3H6O)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°42.3kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°100.J/mol*KN/AMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
19.215.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

NH4+ + 1-Propene, 2-methyl- = (NH4+ • 1-Propene, 2-methyl-)

By formula: H4N+ + C4H8 = (H4N+ • C4H8)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°146.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991gas phase; condensation
ΔrH°146.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°155.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991gas phase; condensation
ΔrS°164.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990gas phase; forms t-C4H9NH3+

NH4+ + Benzene, 1,4-difluoro- = (NH4+ • Benzene, 1,4-difluoro-)

By formula: H4N+ + C6H4F2 = (H4N+ • C6H4F2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°54.kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
21.395.PHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

NH4+ + Ethylene = (NH4+ • Ethylene)

By formula: H4N+ + C2H4 = (H4N+ • C2H4)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°42.kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.J/mol*KN/ADeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
15.294.PHPMSDeakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

(NH4+ • 4Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 5Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 4H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 5H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°44.4kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
ΔrH°41.kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°113.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
ΔrS°93.7J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 5Ammonia) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 6Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 5H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 6H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°27.kJ/molPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase
ΔrH°30.kJ/molMKERWei, Tzeng, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°91.6J/mol*KPHPMSArshadi and Futrell, 1974gas phase

(NH4+ • 5Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 6Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 5H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 6H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°38.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
13.266.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase

(NH4+ • 6Water) + Water = (NH4+ • 7Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 6H2O) + H2O = (H4N+ • 7H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°35.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°92.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
12.254.PHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), 1984gas phase

NH4+ + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide)

By formula: H4N+ + CHN = (H4N+ • CHN)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°91.6kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase
ΔrH°85.8kJ/molPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°97.9J/mol*KPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase
ΔrS°84.5J/mol*KPHPMSSpeller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • CHN • 2H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°56.1kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°76.6J/mol*KN/ADeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

(NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • 2Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • 2H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°65.7kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°142.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • Water • 2Ammonia) + Water = (NH4+ • 2Water • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • H2O • 2H3N) + H2O = (H4N+ • 2H2O • 2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°49.0kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°116.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 3Ammonia • Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N • H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • 3H3N • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°62.8kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°144.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Water • Ammonia) + Water = (NH4+ • 3Water • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H2O • H3N) + H2O = (H4N+ • 3H2O • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51.0kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°119.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • Ammonia • Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N • H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • 2H3N • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°71.5kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°133.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • Water • Ammonia) + Water = (NH4+ • 2Water • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • H2O • H3N) + H2O = (H4N+ • 2H2O • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°53.1kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°105.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia) + Water = (NH4+ • Water • 2Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N) + H2O = (H4N+ • H2O • 2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51.9kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°103.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • 2Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • 2H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°76.1kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°127.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 3Ammonia) + Water = (NH4+ • Water • 3Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H3N) + H2O = (H4N+ • H2O • 3H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°49.0kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°117.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 3Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • 3Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • 3H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°72.4kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°147.J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Water • Sulfur dioxide) + Water = (NH4+ • 3Water • Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H2O • O2S) + H2O = (H4N+ • 3H2O • O2S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°22.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction, electric fields

(NH4+ • Ammonia) + Water = (NH4+ • Water • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • H3N) + H2O = (H4N+ • H2O • H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°54.0kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°84.9J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • Water • Sulfur dioxide) + Water = (NH4+ • 2Water • Sulfur dioxide)

By formula: (H4N+ • H2O • O2S) + H2O = (H4N+ • 2H2O • O2S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrG°31.kJ/molHPMSBanic and Iribarne, 1985gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction, electric fields

(NH4+ • Water) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Water)

By formula: (H4N+ • H2O) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • H2O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°77.0kJ/molPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°96.2J/mol*KPHPMSPayzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973gas phase

(NH4+ • Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • Ammonia • Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-)

By formula: (H4N+ • C4H10O2) + H3N = (H4N+ • H3N • C4H10O2)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°58.6kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°81.2J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase

NH4+ + Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy- = (NH4+ • Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-)

By formula: H4N+ + C4H10O2 = (H4N+ • C4H10O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°160. ± 10.kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; possible ether decomposition
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°150.J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996gas phase; possible ether decomposition

NH4+ + Methane = (NH4+ • Methane)

By formula: H4N+ + CH4 = (H4N+ • CH4)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°15.kJ/molHPMSBennet and Field, 1972gas phase; Entropy change is questionable
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°64.9J/mol*KHPMSBennet and Field, 1972gas phase; Entropy change is questionable

NH4+ + Hydrogen sulfide = (NH4+ • Hydrogen sulfide)

By formula: H4N+ + H2S = (H4N+ • H2S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°47.7kJ/molPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°69.9J/mol*KPHPMSMeot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • 3Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2CHN • H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • 3CHN • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°53.6kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°101.J/mol*KPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase

(NH4+ • Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia) + Hydrogen cyanide = (NH4+ • 2Hydrogen cyanide • Ammonia)

By formula: (H4N+ • CHN • H3N) + CHN = (H4N+ • 2CHN • H3N)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°51.0kJ/molPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrS°81.2J/mol*KPHPMSDeakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994gas phase

(NH4+ • 2Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 3Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 2H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 3H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°56.9kJ/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph

(NH4+ • 3Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 4Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 3H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 4H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°31.kJ/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph

(NH4+ • 4Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 5Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 4H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 5H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°29.kJ/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph

(NH4+ • 5Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 6Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 5H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 6H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°25.kJ/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph

(NH4+ • 6Ammonia • Acetonitrile) + Ammonia = (NH4+ • 7Ammonia • Acetonitrile)

By formula: (H4N+ • 6H3N • C2H3N) + H3N = (H4N+ • 7H3N • C2H3N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
ΔrH°23.kJ/molMKERTzeng, Wei, et al., 1991gas phase; from graph

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973
Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Ferguson, E.E., Thermal Energy Positive Ion Reactions in a Wet Atmosphere Containing Ammonia, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 12, 6272, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1680006 . [all data]

Puckett and Teague, 1971
Puckett, L.J.; Teague, M.W., Ion-Molecule Reactions in NO - NH3 Gas Mixtures, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 11, 4860, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674763 . [all data]

Tang and Castleman, 1975
Tang, I.N.; Castleman, A.W., Gas - Phase Solvation of the Ammonium Ion in Ammonia, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 11, 4576, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.430331 . [all data]

Arshadi and Futrell, 1974
Arshadi, M.R.; Futrell, J.H., Studies in High - Pressure Mass Spectrometry. V. Thermodynamics of Solvation Reactions. NH4+ - NH3, J. Phys. Chem., 1974, 78, 15, 1482, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100608a008 . [all data]

Long and Franklin, 1973
Long, J.W.; Franklin, J.L., Ion-Cluster Reactions in a Drift Tube Ion Source, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys, 1973, 12, 5, 403, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(73)80025-7 . [all data]

Searles and Kebarle, 1968
Searles, S.K.; Kebarle, P., Ion-Solvent-Molecule Interactions in the Gas Phase. Enthalpies and Entropies for the Reactions NH4+(NH3)(n-1) + NH3 = NH4+(NH3)n, J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 2, 742, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100848a061 . [all data]

Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973
Payzant, J.D.; Cunningham, A.J.; Kebarle, P., Gas - Phase Solvation of Ammonium Ion by NH3 and H2O and Stabilities of Mixed Clusters NH4+(NH3)n(H2O)w, Can. J. Chem., 1973, 51, 19, 3242, https://doi.org/10.1139/v73-485 . [all data]

Wincel, 1972
Wincel, H., Ion-Molecule Reactions in Ammonia at High Pressures, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 9, 3, 267, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(72)80053-6 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Speller, C.V., The Filling of Solvent Shells in Cluster Ions: Thermochemical Criteria nd the Effects of Isomeric Clusters, J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 25, 6616, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100283a006 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 2. Hydration of Onium Ions by 1 - 7 H2O Molecules. Relations Between Monomolecular, Specific and Bulk Hydration, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 5, 1265, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a016 . [all data]

Banic and Iribarne, 1985
Banic, C.M.; Iribarne, J.V., Equilibrium Constants for Clustering of Neutral Molecules about Gaseous Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 12, 6432, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.449543 . [all data]

Wei, Tzeng, et al., 1990
Wei, S.; Tzeng, W.B.; Castleman, A.W., Kinetic Energy Release Measurements of Ammonia Cluster Ions During Metastable Decomposition and Determination of Cluster Ion Binding Energies, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 92, 1, 332, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458434 . [all data]

Kamke, Herrmann, et al., 1988
Kamke, W.; Herrmann, R.; Wang, Z.; Hertel, I.V., On the Photoionization and Fragmentation of Ammonia Clusters using TPEPICO, Z. Phys. D., 1988, 10, 4, 491, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01425768 . [all data]

Hogg, Haynes, et al., 1966
Hogg, A.M.; Haynes, R.M.; Kebarle, P., Ion-Solvent Molecule Interactions Studied in the Gas Phase. Heats and Entropies of Individual Steps. NH4+.(n-1)NH3 = NH4+.nNH3, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, 1, 28, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00953a006 . [all data]

Deakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994
Deakyne, C.A.; Knuth, D.M.; Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Filling of Solvent Shells about Ions. Part 3. Isomeric Clusters of (HCN)n(NH3)mH+, J. Mol. Structure (Theochem), 1994, 307, 217, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(94)80130-4 . [all data]

Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 3. Bonds Involving Cyanides. Correlations with Proton Affinites, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 81, 24, 5217, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a020 . [all data]

Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Deakyne, C.A.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Unconventional Ionic Hydrogen Bonds. 2. NH+ pi. Complexes of Onium Ions with Olefins and Benzene Derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 2, 474, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00288a034 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W.; Liebman, J.F.; Scheiner, S., Complexing of the Ammonium Ion by Polyethers. Comparative Complexing Thermochemistry of Ammonium, Hydronium, and Alkali Cations, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 16, 6445, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9514943 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Proton affinity ladders from variable-temperature equilibrium measurements. 1. A reevaluation of the upper proton affinity range, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12, 4448, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a012 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Ion Thermochemistry at High Temperatures. 1. Thermochemistry of the Ammonium Ion from Variable - Temperature Equilibrium Measurements. Proton Transfer, Association, and Decomposition Reactions in Ammonia, Isobutene, and t-Butylamine, J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 19, 7730, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100382a076 . [all data]

Bennet and Field, 1972
Bennet, S.L.; Field, F.H., Reversible Reactions of Gaseous Ions. VI. The NH3 - CH4, H2S - CH4 and CF4 - CH4 Systems at Low Temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 18, 6305, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00773a009 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 4. SH+ O and NH+ S Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Mutual Effects of Weak and Strong Ligands in Mixed Clusters, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 24, 5222, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a021 . [all data]

Tzeng, Wei, et al., 1991
Tzeng, W.B.; Wei, S.; Castleman, A.W., Stability, Structure and Binding - Energies of Solvated Cluster Ions - Ammonia Acetonitrile and Ammonia Acetaldehyde Systems, J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95, 15, 5757, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100168a011 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References