Cinnamaldehyde, (E)-

Formula: C₉H₈O
Molecular weight: 132.1592
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H8O/c10-8-4-7-9-5-2-1-3-6-9/h1-8H/b7-4+
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KJPRLNWUNMBNBZ-QPJJXVBHSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 14371-10-9
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Stereoisomers:
- 2-Propenal, 3-phenyl-
- (Z)-3-Phenylacrylaldehyde
Other names: (E)-Cinnamaldehyde; trans-Cinnamaldehyde; trans-Cinnamic aldehyde; trans-Cinnamylaldehyde; (E)-3-Phenylpropenal; 2-Propenal, 3-phenyl-, (E)-; (2E)-3-Phenyl-2-propenal; (E)-Cinnamic aldehyde; 2-Propenal, 3-phenyl-, (2E)-; Cinnamaldehyde
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Other data available:
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
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Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	521.2	K	N/A	Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-30	100.	1235.1	Tudor, 1997	40. m/0.35 mm/0.35 μm

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1243.	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 225. C @ 5. min
Capillary	SPB-1	1257.	Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2043.	Wong and Teng, 1994	He, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5MS	1266.	Benkaci-Ali, Baaliouamer, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-5	1266.	Telascrea, de Araujo, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-1	1227.	Nath, Baruah, et al., 2006	25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 30. min
Capillary	HP-5	1277.	Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	1266.	Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	1275.	Mardarowicz, Wianowska, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-52	1270.	Sacchetti, Guerrini, et al., 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He; Program: 45C => 1C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 250C(10min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2025.	Möllenbeck, König, et al., 1997	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 240. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	2044.	Romeo, Ziino, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5MS	1271.	Cheng, Liu, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5MS	1253.	Marongiu B., Piras A., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-1	1228.	Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	HP-1	1224.	Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	HP-1	1222.	Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	HP-5	1268.	Miyazawa and Kawata, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	ZB-5	1287.	Dötterl and Jürgens, 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 7. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 1. min
Capillary	ZB-5	1287.	Dötterl, Wolfe, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 7. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 1. min
Capillary	DB-1	1256.	Rasooli and Owlia, 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1268.	Miyazawa, Fuhita, et al., 2004	Helium, 2. K/min, 240. C @ 999. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	1268.	Miyazawa, Fujita, et al., 2004	Helium, 2. K/min, 240. C @ 999. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-1	1256.	Rasooli and Razzaghi Abyaneh, 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	1270.	Simic, Sokovic, et al., 2004	25. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, H2, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-1	1235.	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 45. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1240.	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2003	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	1268.	Caredda, Marongiu, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	SPB-5	1266.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Optima-1	1239.	de Beck, Bessière, et al., 2000	25. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SPB-1	1240.	Wong and Lai, 1996	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-1	1225.	Flath, Mon, et al., 1983	50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	RTX-5	1274.	Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 60 0C 95 min) 110 0C 3 0C/min -> 200 0C 5 0C/min -> 220 0C 95 min)
Capillary	RTX-5	1273.	Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen; Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-52	1270.	Tognolini, Barocelli, et al., 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He; Program: 45C => 1C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 250C (10min)
Capillary	HP-5MS	1272.	Alissandrakis, Kibaris, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 2C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1266.	Demyttenaere, Morina, et al., 2003	He; Program: 60 0C 3 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (5 min)
Capillary	HP-5	1283.	Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C
Capillary	HP-5MS	1266.	Demyttenaere, Moriña, et al., 2002	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 8C/min => 160C => 15C/min => 250C(3min)
Capillary	DB-1	1224.	Baratta, Dorman, et al., 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 240C (10min)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	2032.	Lee, Umano, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	2015.	Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 1998	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	PEG-20M	2084.	Awano, Ichikawa, et al., 1997	3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	2040.	Wong and Lai, 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Tudor, 1997
Tudor, E., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on a SE-30 glass capillary column. I. Linear equations, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 779, 1-2, 287-297, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00453-6 . [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2000
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.M.; Sakariah, K.K., Chemical composition of the flower oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 9, 4294-4295, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf991395c . [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Jaganmohan Rao, et al., 1997
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Jaganmohan Rao, L.; Sakariah, K.K., Chemical composition of the volatile oil from the fruits of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 5, 331-333, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199709/10)12:5<331::AID-FFJ663>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Wong and Teng, 1994
Wong, K.C.; Teng, Y.E., Volatile Components of Mimusops elengi L. Flowers, J. Essent. Oil Res., 1994, 6, 5, 453-458, https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698425 . [all data]

Benkaci-Ali, Baaliouamer, et al., 2007
Benkaci-Ali, F.; Baaliouamer, A.; Meklati, B.Y.; Chemat, F., Chemical composition of seed essential oils from Algerian Nigella sativa extracted by microwave and hydrodistillation, Flavour Fragr. J., 2007, 22, 2, 148-153, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1773 . [all data]

Telascrea, de Araujo, et al., 2007
Telascrea, M.; de Araujo, C.C.; Marques, M.O.M.; Facanali, R.; de Moraes, P.L.R.; Cavalheiro, A.J., Essential oil from leaves of Cryptocarya mandioccana Meisner (Lauraceae): Composition and intraspecific chemical variability, Biochem. Syst. Ecol., 2007, 35, 4, 222-232, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2006.09.015 . [all data]

Nath, Baruah, et al., 2006
Nath, S.C.; Baruah, A.; Kanjilal, P.B., Chemical composition of the leaf essential oil of Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 531-533, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1688 . [all data]

Mahattanatawee, Goodner, et al., 2005
Mahattanatawee, K.; Goodner, K.L.; Baldwin, E.A., Volatile constituents and character impact compounds of selected Florida's tropical fruit, Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc., 2005, 118, 414-418. [all data]

Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005
Pino, J.A.; Mesa, J.; Muñoz, Y.; Martí, M.P.; Marbot, R., Volatile components from mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 6, 2213-2223, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0402633 . [all data]

Mardarowicz, Wianowska, et al., 2004
Mardarowicz, M.; Wianowska, D.; Dawidowicz, A.L.; Sawicki, R., The influence of sample treatment on SPME extracts from conifers. I. Comparison of terpene composition in Engelmann Spruce (Picea engelmanii) using hydrodistillation, SPME and PLE, Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska Lublin - Polonia, 2004, 59, 3, 25-42. [all data]

Sacchetti, Guerrini, et al., 2006
Sacchetti, G.; Guerrini, A.; Noriega, P.; Bianchi, A.; Bruni, R., Essential oil of wild Ocotea quixos (Lam.) Kosterm. (Lauraceae) leaves from Amazonian Ecuador, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 4, 674-676, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1648 . [all data]

Möllenbeck, König, et al., 1997
Möllenbeck, S.; König, T.; Schreier, P.; Schwab, W.; Rajaonarivony, J.; Ranarivelo, L., Chemical composition and analyses of enantiomers of essential oils from Madagascar, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 2, 63-69, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199703)12:2<63::AID-FFJ614>3.0.CO;2-Z . [all data]

Romeo, Ziino, et al., 2007
Romeo, V.; Ziino, M.; Giuffrrida, D.; Condurso, C.; Verzera, A., Flavour profile of capers (Capparis spinosa L.) from the Eolian Archipelago by HS-SPME/GC?MS, Food Chem., 2007, 101, 3, 1272-1278, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.12.029 . [all data]

Cheng, Liu, et al., 2008
Cheng, S.-S.; Liu, J.-Y.; Lin, C.-Y.; Hsui, Y.-R.; Lu, M.-C.; Wu, W.-J.; Chang, S.-T., Terminating red imported fire ants using Cinnamomum osmophloeum leaf essential oil, Bioresour. Technol., 2008, 99, 4, 889-893, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.039 . [all data]

Marongiu B., Piras A., et al., 2007
Marongiu B.; Piras A.; Porcedda S.; Tuveri E.; Sanjust E.; Meli M.; Sollai F.; Zucca P.; Rescigno A., Supercritical CO2 extract of Cinnamomum zeylanicum: Chemical characterization and antityrosinase activity, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 24, 10022-10027, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071938f . [all data]

Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006
Castel, C.; Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Perichet, C.; Delbecque, C.; Arnaudo, J.-F., Volatile constituents of benzoin gums: Siam and Sumatra, part 2. Study of headspace sampling methods, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 1, 59-67, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1502 . [all data]

Miyazawa and Kawata, 2006
Miyazawa, M.; Kawata, J., Identification of the Key Aroma Compounds in Dried Roots of Rubia cordifolia, L. Oleo Sci., 2006, 55, 1, 37-39, https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.55.37 . [all data]

Dötterl and Jürgens, 2005
Dötterl, S.; Jürgens, A., Spatial fragrance patterns in flowers of Silene latifolia: Lilac compounds as olfactory nectar guides?, Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2005, 255, 1-2, 99-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-005-0344-2 . [all data]

Dötterl, Wolfe, et al., 2005
Dötterl, S.; Wolfe, L.M.; Jürgens, A., Qualitative and quantitative analyses of flower scent in Silene latifolia, Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 2, 203-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.12.002 . [all data]

Rasooli and Owlia, 2005
Rasooli, I.; Owlia, P., Chemoprevention by thyme oils of Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production, Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 24, 2851-2856, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.09.029 . [all data]

Miyazawa, Fuhita, et al., 2004
Miyazawa, M.; Fuhita, T.; Yamafuji, C.; Matsui, M.; Kasahara, N.; Takagi, Y.; Ishikawa, Y., Chemical composition of volatile oil from the roots of Periploca sepium, J. Oleo Sci., 2004, 53, 10, 511-513, https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.53.511 . [all data]

Miyazawa, Fujita, et al., 2004
Miyazawa, M.; Fujita, T.; Yamafuji, C.; Matsui, M.; Kasahara, N.; Takagi, Y.; Ishikawa, Y., Chemical composition of volatile oil from the roots of Periploca sepium, J. Oleo Sci., 2004, 53, 11, 511-513, https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.53.511 . [all data]

Rasooli and Razzaghi Abyaneh, 2004
Rasooli, I.; Razzaghi Abyaneh, M., Inhibitory effects of Thyme oils on growth and aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus, Food Control, 2004, 15, 6, 479-483, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2003.07.002 . [all data]

Simic, Sokovic, et al., 2004
Simic, A.; Sokovic, M.D.; Ristic, M.; Grujic-Jovanovic, S.; Vukojevic, J.; Marin, P.D., The chemical composition of some Lauraceae essential oils and their antifungal activities, Phytother. Res., 2004, 18, 9, 713-717, https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1516 . [all data]

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Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Périchet, C.; Delbecque, C., Volatile constituents of benzoin gums: Siam and Sumatra. Part 1., Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 4, 328-333, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1230 . [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2003
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.M.; Sakariah, K.K., Volatile constituents from Cinnamomum zeylanicum fruit stalks and their antioxidant activities, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 15, 4344-4348, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf034169i . [all data]

Caredda, Marongiu, et al., 2002
Caredda, A.; Marongiu, B.; Porcedda, S.; Soro, C., Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and characterization of Laurus nobilis essential oil, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 6, 1492-1496, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0108563 . [all data]

Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002
Pino, J.A.; Marbot, R.; Vazquez, C., Characterization of volatiles in Loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.), Revista CENIC Ciencias Quimicas, 2002, 33, 3, 115-119. [all data]

de Beck, Bessière, et al., 2000
de Beck, P.O.; Bessière, J.M.; Dijoux-Franca, M.-G.; David, B.; Mariotte, A.-M., Volatile constituents from leaves and wood of Leea guineensis G. Don (Leeaceae) from Cameroon, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 3, 182-185, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200005/06)15:3<182::AID-FFJ888>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

Wong and Lai, 1996
Wong, K.C.; Lai, F.Y., Volatile constituents from the fruits of four Syzygium species grown in Malaysia, Flavour Fragr. J., 1996, 11, 1, 61-66, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199601)11:1<61::AID-FFJ539>3.0.CO;2-1 . [all data]

Flath, Mon, et al., 1983
Flath, R.A.; Mon, T.R.; Lorenz, G.; Whitten, C.J.; Mackley, J.W., Volatile components of Acacia sp. blossoms, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1983, 31, 6, 1167-1170, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00120a008 . [all data]

Leela, Vipin, et al., 2009
Leela, N.K.; Vipin, T.M.; Shafeekh, K.M.; Priyanka, V.; Rema, J., Chemical composition of essential oils from aerial parts of Cinnamomum malabatrum (Burman f.) Bercht Presl., Flavor Fragr. J., 2009, 24, 1, 13-16, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1910 . [all data]

Tognolini, Barocelli, et al., 2006
Tognolini, M.; Barocelli, E.; Ballabeni, V.; Bruni, R.; Bianchi, A.; Chiavarini, M.; Impicciatore, M., Comparative screening of plant essential oils: Phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity, Life Sciences, 2006, 78, 13, 1419-1432, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2005.07.020 . [all data]

Alissandrakis, Kibaris, et al., 2005
Alissandrakis, E.; Kibaris, A.C.; Tarantilis, P.A.; Harizanis, P.C.; Polissiou, M., Flavour compounds of Greek cotton honey, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2005, 85, 9, 1444-1452, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2124 . [all data]

Demyttenaere, Morina, et al., 2003
Demyttenaere, J.C.R.; Morina, R.M.; Sandra, P., Monitoring and fast detection of mycotoxin-producing fungi based on headspace solid-phase microextraction and headspace sorptive extraction of the volatile metabolites, J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 985, 1-2, 127-135, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01417-6 . [all data]

Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2003
Jordán, M.J.; Margaría, C.A.; Shaw, P.E.; Goodner, K.L., Volatile components and aroma active compounds in aqueous essence and fresh pink guava fruid puree (Psidium guajava L.) by GC-MS and multidimensional GC/GC-O, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2003, 51, 5, 1421-1426, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf020765l . [all data]

Demyttenaere, Moriña, et al., 2002
Demyttenaere, J.C.R.; Moriña, R.M.; Sandra, P.; Schelfaut, M., Monitoring and fast detection of mycotoxin-producing fungi based on headspace solid-phase microextraction and headspace sorptive extraction of the volatile metabolites in 25th International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography, 2002, 1-12. [all data]

Baratta, Dorman, et al., 1998
Baratta, M.T.; Dorman, H.J.; Deans, S.G.; Figueiredo, A.C.; Barroso, J.G.; Ruberto, G., Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of some commercial essential oils, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 4, 235-244, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(1998070)13:4<235::AID-FFJ733>3.0.CO;2-T . [all data]

Lee, Umano, et al., 2005
Lee, S.-J.; Umano, K.; Shibamoto, T.; Lee, K.-G., Identification of volatile components in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and thyme leaves (Thymus vulgaris L.) and their antioxidant properties, Food Chem., 2005, 91, 1, 131-137, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.05.056 . [all data]

Werkhoff, Güntert, et al., 1998
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Awano, Ichikawa, et al., 1997
Awano, K.; Ichikawa, Y.; Tokuda, K.; Kuraoka, M., Volatile components of the flowers of two Calanthe species, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 5, 327-330, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199709/10)12:5<327::AID-FFJ661>3.0.CO;2-M . [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

T_boil Boiling point
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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