Heptane

Formula: C₇H₁₆
Molecular weight: 100.2019
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H16/c1-3-5-7-6-4-2/h3-7H2,1-2H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 142-82-5
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Isotopologues:
Other names: n-Heptane; Dipropylmethane; Heptyl hydride; Skellysolve C; n-C7H16; Eptani; Heptan; Heptanen; Gettysolve-C; NSC 62784
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Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

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Individual Reactions

(solution) + Heptane (solution) = C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + (solution)

By formula: C₈H₅MnO₃ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution) = C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	196. ± 7.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 18 values; Individual data points

(solution) + Heptane (solution) = C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution)

By formula: C₆CrO₆ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution) = C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	113. ± 3.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 13 values; Individual data points

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) = Heptane (solution) + C₅CrO₅ (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) = C₇H₁₆ (solution) + C₅CrO₅ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	40.2	kJ/mol	N/A	Morse, Parker, et al., 1989	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy was derived by using the LPHP value for the enthalpy of cleavage of Cr-CO bond in Cr(CO)6, 154.0 kJ/mol Lewis, Golden, et al., 1984, toghether with a PAC value for the reaction Cr(CO)6(solution) + n-C7H16(solution) = Cr(CO)5(n-C7H16)(solution) + CO(solution), 113.8 kJ/mol Morse, Parker, et al., 1989; MS
Δ_rH°	41.	kJ/mol	N/A	Yang, Vaida, et al., 1988	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy was derived by using the LPHP value for the enthalpy of cleavage of Cr-CO bond in Cr(CO)6, 154.0 kJ/mol Lewis, Golden, et al., 1984, toghether with a PAC value for the reaction Cr(CO)6(solution) + n-C7H16(solution) = Cr(CO)5(n-C7H16)(solution) + CO(solution), 112.9 kJ/mol Yang, Peters, et al., 1986; MS

+ = Heptane

By formula: H₂ + C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-125. ± 2.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points

C₁₂H₁₆MoO₅ (solution) = C₅MoO₅ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆MoO₅ (solution) = C₅MoO₅ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	36.4	kJ/mol	N/A	Morse, Parker, et al., 1989	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy was derived by using the LPHP value for the enthalpy of cleavage of Mo-CO bond in Mo(CO)6, 169.5 kJ/mol Lewis, Golden, et al., 1984, toghether with a PAC value for the reaction Mo(CO)6(solution) + n-C7H16(solution) = Mo(CO)5(n-C7H16)(solution) + CO(solution), 133.1 kJ/mol Morse, Parker, et al., 1989; MS

C₁₂H₁₆O₅W (solution) = C₅O₅W (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆O₅W (solution) = C₅O₅W (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.1	kJ/mol	N/A	Morse, Parker, et al., 1989	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy was derived by using the LPHP value for the enthalpy of cleavage of W-CO bond in W(CO)6, 192.5 kJ/mol Lewis, Golden, et al., 1984, toghether with a PAC value for the reaction W(CO)6(solution) + n-C7H16(solution) = W(CO)5(n-C7H16)(solution) + CO(solution), 136.4 kJ/mol Morse, Parker, et al., 1989; MS

(solution) + Heptane (solution) = C₁₂H₁₆MoO₅ (solution) + (solution)

By formula: C₆MoO₆ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution) = C₁₂H₁₆MoO₅ (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	135. ± 12.	kJ/mol	PAC	Johnson, Popov, et al., 1991	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy relies on 0.67 for the quantum yield of CO dissociation.; MS
Δ_rH°	133.1 ± 5.4	kJ/mol	PAC	Morse, Parker, et al., 1989	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy relies on 0.67 for the quantum yield of CO dissociation; MS

+ = Heptane

By formula: H₂ + C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-118.5 ± 0.3	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbone; ALS
Δ_rH°	-117.2 ± 2.8	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Siddiqui, 1975	liquid phase; solvent: n-Hexane; ALS

Heptane =

By formula: C₇H₁₆ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-0.59 ± 0.96	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS
Δ_rH°	-2.2 ± 1.1	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	gas phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS

Heptane =

By formula: C₇H₁₆ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-14.3 ± 1.2	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS
Δ_rH°	-18.6 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	gas phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS

Heptane =

By formula: C₇H₁₆ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-9.1 ± 1.1	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS
Δ_rH°	-11.7 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	gas phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS

Heptane =

By formula: C₇H₁₆ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-10.6 ± 0.67	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS
Δ_rH°	-14.2 ± 0.92	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	gas phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS

Heptane =

By formula: C₇H₁₆ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-10.2 ± 0.63	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS
Δ_rH°	-13.6 ± 0.88	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	gas phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS

Heptane =

By formula: C₇H₁₆ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-12.6 ± 0.92	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	liquid phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS
Δ_rH°	-17.4 ± 1.1	kJ/mol	Ccb	Prosen and Rossini, 1941	gas phase; Heat of Isomerization; ALS

(solution) + Heptane (solution) = C₁₂H₁₆O₅W (solution) + (solution)

By formula: C₆O₆W (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution) = C₁₂H₁₆O₅W (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	136.4 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	PAC	Morse, Parker, et al., 1989	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy relies on 0.72 for the quantum yield of CO dissociation; MS

(solution) + Heptane (solution) = C₁₅H₂₂CrO₂ (solution) + (solution)

By formula: C₉H₆CrO₃ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution) = C₁₅H₂₂CrO₂ (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	137.2 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	PAC	Burkey, 1990	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy relies on 0.72 for the quantum yield of CO dissociation; MS

(solution) + Heptane (solution) = C₁₅H₂₁O₃V (solution) + (solution)

By formula: C₉H₅O₄V (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution) = C₁₅H₂₁O₃V (solution) + CO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	107. ± 13.	kJ/mol	PAC	Johnson, Popov, et al., 1991	solvent: Heptane; The reaction enthalpy relies on 0.80 for the quantum yield of CO dissociation.; MS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = Heptane (solution) + C₁₀H₅CrNO₅ (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₄H₄N₂ (solution) = C₇H₁₆ (solution) + C₁₀H₅CrNO₅ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-84.1 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Vaida, et al., 1988	solvent: Heptane; MS

+ = Heptane

By formula: H₂ + C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-114.1 ± 0.5	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbone; ALS

+ = Heptane

By formula: H₂ + C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-114.7 ± 0.3	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbone; ALS

C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + (solution) = C₁₁H₁₃MnO₃ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + C₄H₈O (solution) = C₁₁H₁₃MnO₃ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-67.4 ± 5.9	kJ/mol	PAC	Klassen, Selke, et al., 1990	solvent: Heptane; MS

+ = Heptane

By formula: H₂ + C₇H₁₄ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-115.6 ± 0.4	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988	liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbone; ALS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = C₉H₈CrO₆ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₄H₈O (solution) = C₉H₈CrO₆ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-51.9 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Peters, et al., 1986	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = Heptane (solution) + C₈H₆CrO₆ (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₃H₆O (solution) = C₇H₁₆ (solution) + C₈H₆CrO₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-56.5 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Peters, et al., 1986	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = C₁₇H₂₇CrNO₅ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₁₂H₂₇N (solution) = C₁₇H₂₇CrNO₅ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-51.0 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Peters, et al., 1986	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = C₁₁H₁₂CrO₅ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₆H₁₂ (solution) = C₁₁H₁₂CrO₅ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-51.0 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Peters, et al., 1986	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + (solution) = C₁₀H₁₁MnO₃ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + C₃H₆O (solution) = C₁₀H₁₁MnO₃ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-72.8 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	PAC	Klassen, Selke, et al., 1990	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + (solution) = C₈H₇Cl₂MnO₂ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + CH₂Cl₂ (solution) = C₈H₇Cl₂MnO₂ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-37.7 ± 4.2	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang and Yang, 1992	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + (solution) = C₈H₇Br₂MnO₂ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₄H₂₁MnO₂ (solution) + CH₂Br₂ (solution) = C₈H₇Br₂MnO₂ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-51.0 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang and Yang, 1992	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = C₇H₅CrO₆ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₂H₆O (solution) = C₇H₅CrO₆ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-57.7 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Peters, et al., 1986	solvent: Heptane; MS

C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + (solution) = C₈H₆CrNO₅ (solution) + Heptane (solution)

By formula: C₁₂H₁₆CrO₅ (solution) + C₂H₃N (solution) = C₈H₆CrNO₅ (solution) + C₇H₁₆ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-76.1 ± 5.0	kJ/mol	PAC	Yang, Peters, et al., 1986	solvent: Heptane; MS

+ 2 = Heptane

By formula: C₇H₁₂ + 2H₂ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-272.4 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

2 + = Heptane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₇H₁₂ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-270.4 ± 1.5	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

2 + = Heptane

By formula: 2H₂ + C₇H₁₂ = C₇H₁₆

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-291.4 ± 1.6	kJ/mol	Chyd	Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979	liquid phase; solvent: Hexane; ALS

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes

Morse, Parker, et al., 1989
Morse, J.M., Jr.; Parker, G.H.; Burkey, T.J., Organometallics, 1989, 8, 2471. [all data]

Lewis, Golden, et al., 1984
Lewis, K.E.; Golden, D.M.; Smith, G.P., Organometallic bond dissociation energies: Laser pyrolysis of Fe(CO)₅, Cr(CO)₆, Mo(CO)₆, and W(CO)₆, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 3905. [all data]

Yang, Vaida, et al., 1988
Yang, G.K.; Vaida, V.; Peters, K.S., Polyhedron, 1988, 7, 1619. [all data]

Yang, Peters, et al., 1986
Yang, G.K.; Peters, K.S.; Vaida, V., Chem. Phys. Lett., 1986, 125, 566. [all data]

Johnson, Popov, et al., 1991
Johnson, F.P.A.; Popov, V.K.; George, M.W.; Bagratashvili, V.N.; Poliakoff, M.; Turner, J.J., Mendeleev Commun., 1991, 145.. [all data]

Rogers and Dejroongruang, 1988
Rogers, D.W.; Dejroongruang, K., Enthalpies of hydrogenation of the n-heptenes and the methylhexenes, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 675-680. [all data]

Rogers and Siddiqui, 1975
Rogers, D.W.; Siddiqui, N.A., Heats of hydrogenation of large molecules. I. Esters of unsaturated fatty acids, J. Phys. Chem., 1975, 79, 574-577. [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1941
Prosen, E.J.R.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of isomerization of the nine heptanes, J. Res. NBS, 1941, 27, 519-528. [all data]

Burkey, 1990
Burkey, T.J., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 8329. [all data]

Klassen, Selke, et al., 1990
Klassen, J.K.; Selke, M.; Sorensen, A.A.; Yang, G.K., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 1267. [all data]

Yang and Yang, 1992
Yang, P.-F.; Yang, K.G., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 6937. [all data]

Rogers, Dagdagan, et al., 1979
Rogers, D.W.; Dagdagan, O.A.; Allinger, N.L., Heats of hydrogenation and formation of linear alkynes and a molecular mechanics interpretation, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 671-676. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References

Symbols used in this document:

Δ_rH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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